Warming the floor of the first floor - what does it look like?
Overlapping the basement or the base of the house in the complete absence of the underground - all this concrete, most often reinforced, less common, with a filler made of rubble. Such a surface heats up heavily and cools easily, radiating cold into the room, therefore it is best to isolate it from the concrete covering or overlapping with thermal insulation.
For these purposes, we create a kind of layered pie: actually, a concrete slab or foundation pouring, a vapor barrier on top of it, then a layer of insulation, waterproofing and, finally, a foam concrete screed. Now let's consider the necessity and purpose of each of the listed layers.
Everything starts, of course, from the bottom. If we have an unheated cellar, first carefully test the base for the presence of cracks or cracks, and if found from inside, fill them with mounting foam, and top up with a cement compound. Do the same in a warm room, by examining the corners of the overlap along the entire perimeter.
Now the layers. Steam insulation is necessary for us as a protection of our insulation from the dampness rising from below .The purpose of the insulation itself is not a secret. A reliable waterproofing film is also needed on top, protecting against excess moisture in the premises, it is best to use conventional polyethylene( cheap and efficient).As for the screed on top of all listed layers, it is necessary for laying the floor covering.
What is the best way to make the insulation of the concrete floor of the first floor?
Today, in the construction market, you can find a lot of different insulation materials and to choose one of them is rather difficult. However, the most common and popular to try on their sex will be useful. For example, mineral wool can be used for both wooden floors and concrete screed.
If you have wooden floors and, therefore, lags are filled on the concrete base( or they are the basis of overlapping), you can use bulk insulation, for example, vermiculite, expanded clay or perlite. Also as a thermal insulation, foam, in particular, polyurethane foam, which can fill the space between the lags perfectly showed itself.
If it is planned to lay a laminate, for which there is no need to fill the beams, it is possible to use ordinary foam or the same mineral wool as a heat-insulating substrate. Laminate boards can be laid directly on the insulation covered with waterproofing film if it has sufficient density of , however, the screed reinforced with a special metal mesh can do it.
But all of the above methods are convenient only when the state of the house is "completed, but not finished."If you already have floors ready, covered with linoleum or tiles, but cold, you can, without torment, cover them with a heater, pre-laid waterproofing, and from above make a screed or lay a laminate.
How to make the floor insulation as reliable as possible?
Let's say you still decided to stop on mineral wool, because the base in your house is a concrete slab, and there was not a log in sight. Consequently, the sequence of work we will have this: first put a rough coat of a cement-sand mixture, as far as possible leveling it.
Then from above we put any waterproofing material, we can even ruberoid if the special film is inaccessible or seems excessively expensive. Further, tightly adjusting, without gaps, lay mats or slabs of mineral wool( the thickness of them is different, which allows you to manipulate the height of the coating).
When laying heat-insulating boards, it is not necessary to glue them together, it is enough that they will be mutually compacted, resting against the walls of the room in extreme rows.
Over the insulation, we are again covering the waterproofing, as most materials have an unpleasant property to accumulate moisture in the structure, actively absorbing it from the environment. As already mentioned above, this can be a polyethylene film, but again you can use a ruberoid. And here is the crucial moment - the screed.
Begin to pour over the waterproof concrete mix, a layer of a couple of centimeters. This can be foamed concrete, which is less dense, more light and in itself is a heat insulator. While the solution is liquid, we put a galvanized metal mesh on it and again pour a new portion of concrete, also about 2 centimeters thick.
We get a reinforced screed, the probability of occurrence of cracks in which is extremely small. Over all this layered splendor in the fact of its solidification, we put any kind of floor covering.