Roof Decking Technology
Roofing is used most often in small wooden saunas. Thick boards are cut into the top crowns of the log frame by 5-10 cm. The thickness of the boards must be at least 60 mm, since they play simultaneously the role of bearing floors and insulation. From the bottom, they can be fitted with vapor barrier and decorative cladding, and on top - additional insulation.
- Flooring boards are laid across the room of the steam room. To improve the thermal insulation properties of the ceiling in the penultimate crown, cuts are made along the thickness of the boards. Logs are treated with an antiseptic for interior work, after which they stack the boards, tightly fitting them to each other. For more tightness, you can use a plank board.
Laying boards on the ceiling
- From the inside, the boards are treated with an antiseptic, dried and then covered with a vapor barrier film, fixing it with a construction or furniture stapler. Joints are glued with metallized tape.
The ceiling is glued with a vapor barrier film and glued with a metal tape
- . At the top, the boards are covered with vapor-permeable waterproofing. Water vapor permeability is necessary in order to remove water vapor trapped in the flooring boards, otherwise they will start rotting. That is why it is not recommended to use polyethylene film for waterproofing the ceiling. On top of the waterproofing lay a layer of heat-insulating material. It can be clay mixed with sand or sawdust, expanded clay, slag, as well as modern fibrous materials. The layer of expanded clay or clay must be at least 20 cm at the same time.
On top of the boards,
- claydite is poured. Mineral or basalt cotton wool with excellent thermal insulation characteristics is laid in a layer of 10 cm. For laying the thermal insulation in a bath with a mansard floor,, playing the role of support for the floor. Stacking step - from 50 cm. The bars must be carefully treated with an antiseptic.
Laying of mineral wool for insulation
- Another layer of waterproofing is placed on top of the heater. Fasten it to the scantlings of the finishing floor with a stapler. This layer of waterproofing is necessary to protect the insulation layer from leaks or drops. Over the waterproofing flooring the finishing floor of the attic floor, for an unheated attic, it is sufficient to cover the waterproofing with a non-planed board in order to protect it from damage.
Technology of filed roof warming of bath
This method differs from flooring in that the floors are made from above and from below the ceiling beams that are attached to the walls. Such overlapping can be used for baths of any size, as wooden, and brick, and block. The main heater in this case is placed in the space between the beams on the rough ceiling.
Roof tampering technology
- bath Make a rough ceiling from a board with a thickness of at least 25 mm, fixing it from the bottom of the beams using nails or screws. From the side of the steam room, the rough ceiling is covered with a metallized vapor barrier film with a stapler, the joints of the film are glued with adhesive tape. Perform a clean ceiling from the lining, fixing it on the bars, laid over the vapor barrier. All wooden elements must be treated with antiseptic, and lining - a special varnish for a bath on a water basis.
Put the vapor barrier sheets impregnated with an antiseptic and lay the lining
- Between the beams of the overlap lay warming mats made of mineral fibrous materials. The thickness of the layer is 10-15 cm. The mats are placed so that no gaps remain. Instead of mats, you can use expanded clay. Clay or slag in this case is not recommended, as they create a sufficiently large pressure on the ceiling and can press the boards.
The process of laying heat insulation mats
- The waterproofing film with a vapor-permeable layer is laid on top of the heater to remove vapors from the insulation layer. The joints of the film are also glued with adhesive tape.
Laying the waterproofing film
- The beams are covered with the finishing floor of the attic floor. It can be made of boards or waterproof plywood.
Thermal insulation of roof slopes
Ramps must be warmed only in the case of a heated attic. In general, the technology of warming the roof of a bath does not differ from the warming of a conventional roof with the help of fibrous materials or polystyrene. Warming can be done both with the laying of roofing materials, and later. For the performance of heat insulation, a kind of "pie" is arranged, consisting of a vapor barrier from the attic side, waterproofing from the roof covering and a layer of insulation between them.
Thermal insulation of the roof of a bath is an important task, on the correct performance of which depends the temperature and humidity in the steam room and other rooms of the bath. First of all, to properly insulate the roof of the bath, it is important to decide whether there is a mansard floor in the bathhouse or a ventilated loft. On this depends largely on the sequence and choice of materials for the insulation of the roof of the bath.
Thermal insulation of the roof of the sauna
There are two main stages of the thermal insulation of the roof in the bath: the insulation of the ceiling of the steam room and the dressing room and the warming of the roof slopes. The expediency of the second stage for a bath with an unheated and well ventilated attic is very controversial - if the temperature in the attic is close to the street, there will not be a problem of condensation, and hence decay of wooden structures. Therefore, in a bath with a cold attic, the roof slope is usually not insulated - this is an extra waste of money. Ventilation is equipped with loft windows, and the attic is used for drying and storing brooms and other necessary items.
When insulating the roof of the sauna with an attic floor, it is necessary to insulate both the ceiling and the roof slope. This will make it possible to arrange a full rest room on the second floor. In such a bath it is necessary to pay the closest attention to the vapor barrier of the floors in order to avoid an increase in humidity on the second floor. In other respects, the principles of warming the roof of the bath are not different and are performed according to a similar technology.
Thermal insulation of the ceiling of the bath and the
materials used. The insulation of the ceiling can be done in a flat way, when thick boards are laid on the upper walls of the log house, or by fillet-fixing from below to the joists. There is also a panel method of insulation with pre-fabricated multi-layer panels.
As thermal insulation of the roof of the bath, natural materials can also act, for example clay mixed with sand, straw or sawdust, and modern insulators - mineral or basalt wool. The role of a heater is also played by boards that are to be sewn or laid as a ceiling, so their thickness should be as high as possible for this type of insulation. Use for the insulation of the ceiling foam is not recommended for two reasons: it is fire hazardous and when heated emits harmful substances. To heat the skates of the bath with the attic floor, you can use polystyrene and other board foam insulation under one condition: the insulation brand must be non-flammable with the addition of flame retardants, for example, expanded polystyrene PSB-S.
Laying the insulation layers on the ceiling
In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the vapor barrier of the ceiling. It is performed from the side of the steam room and uses for this purpose usually metallized water vapor barrier films, for example IsospanFB.The metallized surface not only isolates the steam room from the evaporation of moisture, but also reflects infrared radiation, which improves thermal insulation. If the insulation is carried out with the help of fibrous materials, it is necessary to ensure the removal of moisture from the layer of insulation, so on top they are closed with membrane waterproofing with one-sided steam conductivity towards the attic space. When the rafts are insulated, it is also necessary to ensure a one-sided permeability of the entire insulation layer so that the humid air of the attic does not condense on the walls and ceiling.
Insulation of roof slopes
When insulating a roof, it is necessary to remember the correct arrangement of pipe penetrations-the distance from pipes to combustible materials must be at least 20 cm. To fulfill this condition, a sheet iron cage is made, and the near-tube space is filled with a non-combustible heater, for example, rock wool. The pipe passing through the attic floor, in addition, should be isolated from accidental touch - the heating of the pipe in the bath is very significant, especially for a metal furnace.
Competent installation of the furnace for roof insulation
