The scheme of heating a country house is selected depending on the total area of heated premises and the material capabilities of the owners of the building. Forced circulation of the heat carrier( in this case - hot water) implies the presence of a circulating pump in the system. There is both a single-pipe heating scheme and a two-pipe scheme. Naturally, the first option is more economical in terms of installation and installation of heating equipment.
Single-pipe heating system
With a single-pipe heating system, all heat radiators( batteries) are connected by pipes in series, in a single chain. Water, passing through it, gives heat to the radiators. Therefore, the farther the radiator is from the heating boiler, the less it will heat up. With such a scheme, the uniformity of room heating is ensured by a progressive increase in the number of radiator sections. In other words, the farther the radiator from the boiler, the more sections in it it should be to keep the room warm.
The heating scheme of a two-story house can be arranged both in a horizontal and vertical configuration of the system with forced circulation of water. With a horizontal circuit( professionals call it "Leningrad") all the batteries are connected to two pipes. Batteries of the first floor - to a horizontally laid pipe on the first floor, the battery of the second, respectively, to "his".Batteries are connected to the pipe in series, on the floor.
When installing each radiator, it is necessary to provide a bypass and shut-off valves. This is necessary in order that in case of need to replace one faulty radiator in the heating period, do not disconnect the entire heating system and do not drain the water from it.
Heating pipes of each floor are connected in parallel to the straight pipe and return, forming a single contour. Pipes can be laid either above the floor or under its surface. In the latter case, they require a certain insulation to reduce heat loss. On each floor, before the "entrance" of the first battery, a special crane is installed, which allows you to adjust the temperature of the radiators on this floor. In the radiators there are taps for bleeding air from the system. A vertical configuration scheme is rarely used. It is usually used when there is no forced circulation. Its drawback is the need to use pipes of larger diameter and the accuracy of meeting the angles of pipe routing.
Two-pipe house heating system and its advantages
Two-pipe heating system is more expensive, but also more efficient. The essence of such a system is that each radiator is connected to the system individually. To each radiator from the supply common pipe joins its own line. Similarly, from each radiator to the return pipe - its withdrawal. The use of such a scheme allows you to better regulate the temperature in any room, even if the room is large, in some parts of it. In a private house, not all rooms are residential. In order to save, this scheme allows you to set your temperature in each room. It is quite convenient and practical.
The "heart" of any heating system is a boiler. Boilers can be different both in the place of installation and in power. The most widely used gas boilers, for example German Viessmann or Protherm. They are both single- and double-circuit. It is necessary to correctly determine its capacity when buying a boiler. It should be taken into account that it should not work at the limit, therefore it is necessary to take into account some "reserve" of required capacity. So, choosing a gas or other boiler in the store, put in the calculations of the necessary power increase by a third.
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