Requirements for a boiler house in a private house

When constructing a private house, and is more exact , is still at the stage of preliminary design, it is necessary to think over the location of the heating boiler in advance. Variants are possible different - boiler can be installed in the kitchen or in the corridor, it will be allocated a separate room in the house or for this will be made a separate extension. Whatever solution is adopted, the arrangement of this room must meet the with certain requirements established by building codes and regulations.

The requirements for a boiler house in a private house are designed not on the empty site and not for the owners' complication. On the contrary, their main goal is the providing the with comprehensive safety and easy operation of the heating units.

Project of boiler house

Independently design boiler and there is no need to take - this business professionals. Considering all the necessary parameters, they compile a project for installing equipment in a particular room. If the planning documentation is prepared by qualified specialists, then it will be easier to coordinate such a project in specialized organizations.

criteria are taken into account when drafting a boiler house. For design, it is necessary to collect data that are provided by the general rules SNiP 2.04.08 - 87 *.Specifically, to such source parameters include:

- power of the heating unit;

- the kind of fuel that will be used for heating;

- size and layout of the room, of the allocated for equipment installation;

- total area of ​​the house and location in it residential and other premises;

- general plan of the first floor where will house the boiler house( with )

- the material from which the house and the boiler house are built, if it is located in the annexe -( this option is most desirable for installing a boiler in a private house).

Heating boiler

Everything concerning boiler plants is stipulated in the II-35 II-35 , since can be used for heating, both gas and solid fuel boiler

Gas boiler

Gas boilersmost of the time, because "blue fuel" , if a highway is laid to the house, is much cheaper than all other types of coolants. And the amenities in everyday operation - much more.

• If the heating unit has a capacity of up to 150 kW, then a separate room is necessarily provided for it. When choosing a gas boiler with a capacity that exceeds 150 kW, according to the rules, it is necessary to erect a separate building or an extension to the house. This extension can have a common wall only with non-residential premises, such as, for example, a garage, pantry , a workshop or a bathroom.
• To install the unit, it is necessary to arrange a reliable separate foundation or to have a reliable in the boiler house and a strong concrete floor.
• The room needs to be filled with water to make up the system, which it periodically needs.
• In addition to water entering the room, it is absolutely necessary to have an sewer pipe, where, if necessary, the water from the heating system will be drained.
• Given the presence of water in the room, it must be sufficiently well insulated so that in a critical situation, in the peak winter frost, not , the process of pipe freezing started.
• The ceiling height of the room - the boiler room must be provided not less than 2,5 ÷ 2, 6 meters .
• The volume of the room intended for the boiler house should not be less than 15 m³.
• In the extension it is necessary to organize not only electric lighting, but also natural. The calculation of the last is performed depending on the volume of the room. So, for one cubic meter of the room, a glazing of 0.03 m² is needed, and means , for minimum.15 m³ the area of ​​the window will be 0.45 m².
• The extension walls shall be erected with their material having a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours as a result of the tests. The zero value should be equal to the spreading ratio of the flame according to from the possible ignition.
• Ventilation and air conditioning is arranged according to the rules SNiP 2.04.05 - 91. The main condition is that the ventilation must be at least three times replacing indoor air for one hour.
• To do this, a window must be installed in the installed window, and under the input a clearance of 0.025 m ² is left from the street door.or it is made by the window with it a ventilation window, taken by a grid, of the same area.
• A boiler house in an annex with a common wall with a house can have two ri - on the street, opening outside and into the house. The door leading to the house must be made of heat-resistant material, and have a high class of safety against fire.
• If boiler is installed, operating on LPG, it is strictly forbidden to store fuel cylinders in the boiler room. For cylinders, a separate room is arranged, from where a line is drawn, through which fuel enters the heating unit.

Gas boiler can be installed in the kitchen, but all is the same as for installation in the boiler room, for its installation in this room it is necessary to fulfill a number of requirements of SNiP .

• The power of a compact unit should not exceed 30 kW.
• The ceiling height in the kitchen room can not be less than 2.2 ÷ 2.3 meters.
• Such boiler is suitable for placement in the kitchen only if the has its area of ​​at least 15 m².
• Even if the boiler is equipped with a coaxial chimney, and the itself is equipped with an closed burner, the kitchen premise should be equipped with with additional forced ventilation.
• The boiler is installed or suspended by on the brackets on the external wall of the building, which must be built of non-combustible materials or, at most, lined with a heat-resistant panel.
• The area of ​​the kitchen window should be equal to at least one third of the area of ​​the room.

Video: an example of boiler house equipment with a gas boiler

boiler on solid fuel

If a solid fuel boiler is planned to be installed, its location should be designed at the stage of house planning when erecting it, since the boiler house is strictly required for this unit. This must be done in order to pre-mark the location of the chimney in the boiler room.

The following criteria apply to the mandatory boiler installation requirements for solid fuel:

• The boiler area must be at least 7 ÷ 8 m².
• The boiler must be installed in such a way that it is possible, if necessary, to carry out repairs and preventive maintenance.
• Based on the data on the capacity of the unit, the size of the ventilation duct is calculated, in proportions - 1 kW of power: 8 cm² of area. The diameter of the smoke outlet must not be less than the diameter of the standard pipe leaving the boiler.
• For such a heater it is recommended to arrange a podium that will be higher than the floor of the boiler house for 80 ÷ 100 mm.
• Ventilation in a room is arranged according to the same scheme as for a gas boiler.
• Lighting and the availability of doors are calculated in the same way as for units operating on gas.
• For fire safety purposes, care must be taken for wall and floor materials, as they must be non-flammable. Before the furnace door of the boiler it is recommended to lay a sheet of metal, at least 500 × 500 mm in size, and fix the asbestos screen to the wall.
• The chimney for this type of boiler is arranged in the same way as for the oven, and must be at least five meters high. If you have to do rotations or bends in it, then there should not be more than of three .

When installing any of the gas boilers, professionals recommend the installation of safety-protection devices, both in the heating system and itself, shut-off valves, valves, smoke detectors and other devices or devices directly in the - boiler itself.

Video: example of boiler house equipment with solid-fuel pellet boiler

Ventilation in the boiler room

Since the safety of operation of any heater depends on ventilation, I would like to take a closer look at the different types of removal of possible accumulation of gases from the room. There are natural and forced ventilation types. What they specifically represent - should be considered in addition to the above-described mandatory parameters of the boiler house.

Natural ventilation

Natural ventilation refers to the airing of a room using properly arranged holes in walls or ceiling, without the use of special devices that create a draft that pumps and draws air from the boiler room.

The room for installing the boiler is equipped on the first or ground floor, therefore the layout of the ventilation windows may differ somewhat among themselves.

The ventilation scheme for the boiler house located on the first floor of the house or in the annex looks as follows.

This diagram shows the ventilation device of a boiler room located in a semi-basement house.

In order for to generate a good draft, and the boiler functioned effectively, the exhaust hole or the ventilation pipe is installed above the heater. The volume of the combustion room and depleted air that was delivered to the goes to the area, giving oxygen "for burning".The process goes behind the push account coming from the street through the ventilation window, arranged on the opposite wall, according to one of the selected circuits, with fresh air inflow.

The downside to the natural process of airing is that it is difficult to calculate and monitor it is rather difficult, and according to rules SNiP 2.04.05 - 91, the air with the boiler running should be updated in the room three times per hour, as already mentionedhigher. The natural ventilation process is very depending on the temperature, the current pressure level, the force and direction of the wind in the street.

Forced ventilation

Artificial or forced ventilation differs from the natural one in that it is carried out with the use of special air conditioners or fans installed in the inlet and exhaust window.

You can use only one device installed in one of the windows, thereby saving some money, but more efficient, the is the first option, with the combination of injection and exhaust.

Such a ventilation system can be easily adjusted to the optimum mode and constantly monitored by means of devices, the intensity of the thrust.

The fans are selected according to the diameter of the ventilation ducts and according to the requirements of SNiP .

For example, in order to find the volume of the boiler room premises, multiply these parameters with each other and multiply, in this case by three( the number of times the air exchange in the boiler room per hour).

For example, the room has the following parameters: width and length according to 2 m , height 2, 5 m .Acting, according to the formula, is calculated room

2 × 2 × 2.5 = 10 m³.Further, the obtained value is multiplied by three, 30 m³ / h is obtained - this indicator indicates that the capacity of the fan for this room should be at least 30 m³ / h. Ideally, you need to choose the supply and exhaust technology that will have cut rv pr - performance is 15 ÷ 30% more than required.

It is recommended for boiler houses to buy fans, prisoners in aluminum or copper enclosures that withstand high temperatures.

Another at which you can save energy is the automatic control of the ventilation system. Having installed the monitoring and control equipment, it will be possible to rest assured that the fans are now switched on only when the heating unit starts up, and when it stops, the ventilation devices will also enter pause mode.

On the street, a ventilation pipe is installed along the wall, which cuts into the window where the fan is installed. The pipe usually rises to a height above the roof by 500 ÷ 1000 mm. Thus, creates good traction, which helps to quickly clean the room of accumulated gases.

Video: basic requirements for boiler rooms

Approval of the

project When the project is prepared, naturally, with the fulfillment of all the requirements described above, the moment of its approval comes in some organizations responsible for the safe operation of the appliances installed in the boiler room.

The approval of the boiler house project is necessary in order to be able to freely conclude a contract for gas mains or appropriate internal wiring. Resolving resolutions must be received before construction begins in the following supervisory organizations:

- Fire Service.

- Technical supervision.

- Sanitary inspection.

- District Architecture Department - from there will have to invite a specialist to the construction site.

- Housing and communal services, in particular, organizations that provide gas supply.

Only after receiving permits in these organizations, you can proceed with the construction of the boiler house. For connection to gas mains, will have pass as yet a number of some procedures in which the pipeline is designed for the gas pipe to the building and for its branch points at the points of consumption.

To make

easier for to itself all these rather troublesome and unpleasant events, walking from one supervisory authority to another, and also to to shorten the term of of concordant procedures, one can turn to specialized companies that will take themselves on problems and for a reasonable fee will help in the shortest time to prepare all the necessary documents.