Furnaces for heating

Despite the on the licks of central or autonomous water heating, many owners of holiday homes and private houses do not represent their home without a real oven. And indeed, the oven is able to create coziness in any environment, and besides, having such an assistant, you do not have to worry, that for some reason suddenly turns out, that is not on than to cook dinner or warm water.

Furnaces for heating can be made of metal( most often - cast iron) or composed of bricks. Which one should I choose? - this will depend on several criteria: the area of ​​the premises in which it will be installed, the financial possibilities and personal preferences of the owner of the house.

Brick heating furnaces

The most popular for the house have always been traditional furnaces and fireplaces made of bricks. This fact is not surprising, since such furnaces combine the most important functions without which it is difficult to manage even in country - house heating and maintenance in him comfortable microclimate for a long time, cooking, warming water, drying clothes, blanks for the winter.

It is therefore , despite the appearance of more modern heating devices, many still prefer brick structures. Their diversity is great - a very large number of designs are known, which differ not only in size but also in functionality. This diversity allows you to choose the model that is most suitable for a particular area and interior of the house and meets the needs of owners.

To understand the nuances of brick kilns, it makes sense to consider a few of the most popular options. However, whatever kind of the was chosen, in any case it should heat the house qualitatively, and one of the most important design conditions for performing this function is the furnace furnace chamber size. Having determined this parameter, it will be possible to choose the stove itself, since any of them is designed with the defined by the calculation of the .

The required size of the combustion chamber must be in accordance with the heated area. In addition, the minimum section of the chimney pipe directly depends on the size of the furnace. For a starting point in the selection, you can use the following table:

Area in sq. M.m	The volume of the portal in the cube.dm( liters)	firebox mm	Feedthrough chimney section in mm( minimum)
width flue holes	height flue holes	width rear wall furnace	depth fuel chamber	height neck
12	42	500	450	300	300	120	140 ×140
16	50	600	500-520	400	320	120	140 × 270
22	60	700	560-580	450	350	120	140 × 270
30	80	800	600-650	500	370-380	130	270 × 270
35	100	900	700	600	400-420	130	270 × 270
40	120	1000	750	700	450	140	270 × 270

Furnaces for the home can be subdivided according to their functionality:

• Simply heating ovens - for examplemeasures "Dutch."
• Heating and cooking - this oven with a stove and oven, for example, "Swede", Russian oven and others.
• Furnace-fireplaces - their functionality is understandable of the name itself.
• Several stand apart heating stoves of special designation: sauna heaters, stoves for heating greenhouses, garages, other outbuildings.

Heating furnaces of the Dutch type

The Dutch is a heating furnace that is designed exclusively for heating premises. This design can be compact enough and the perfectly fits the either for a small building, or as a second, additional furnace in the house. Its can be placed between two rooms, it will not only effectively heat them, but also serve as a wall.

"Dutch" came to Russia from Western Europe at the beginning of the XVIII century and reliably took root in Russian huts. Since that time, Russian master stoves have significantly reconstructed the original model, since it did not initially have valves, and the heat went directly to the pipe. In the internal design of the furnace, complicated channels have appeared that help to keep heat for a long time. In addition, in some modernized "Dutch" tanks for water heating, drying chambers.

The scheme of the traditional "Dutch" looks like this:

You can find out how to put this compact and easy-to-use heating furnace - "Dutch" , by clicking on the corresponding publication of our portal. In the same place it will be possible to find recommendations for the foundation of for , detailed instructions for masonry with a schema-ordering and other useful information.

Swede

"Swedish" is a more rational design, because in it, when compared with the "Dutch" compact size, initially provided such elements as a stove and a drying chamber, and sometimes even an - and an oven.

The traditional - schematic of the Swede looks like this:

Interesting historical facts - is the original version of the Swedish, as one can understand from its name,was developed in Sweden at the request of the government in connection with the need to save wood, which was sorely lacking in the winter. Its authors were the engineer Karl Johan Kronsted and General Fabian - they in 1767 presented their project. The furnace took root and became widespread not only in Sweden, but also in a number of other northern countries, one of of which became and Russia, in of which "Swede" began to gain popularity in the end of XIX.Before the appearance of this model in Sweden , the fireplace type was most often built, giving little heat and requiring a lot of fuel.

The Swedish design perfectly will suit for of a small and of a large at home. In the time that has elapsed since the appearance of the first such furnace, a variety of variations emerged from which it is possible to choose the best for the existing conditions of the country house . .

How to lay down the oven "Swede" independently can be found by following this link to a special portal page dedicated specifically to this topic.

Kitchen oven-plate

Kitchen brick oven-plate can be safely called the most economical in construction and compact in size option of all existing heating facilities. However, such a stove-oven is designed only for heating the kitchen itself and cooking. Of course, it is possible to divide one large dacha room into two zones, having organized a kitchen in one of them, and in another - something like a bedroom. In this case, the rest room will be warmed from the back of the oven for 10 ÷ 12 hours.

. In addition, the advantages of this design include its relative ease of compared to other buildings, which means that this stove does not require the of the massive and too deep foundation. The construction occupies a very small area of ​​the - the is slightly larger than the interior partition with the table next to it.

There are also more massive models of stove-ovens that can be selected if for them the has an enough space in the house.

The layout of the stove-cookers is quite simple and can be performed by own forces. However, in order for the main work to be successful, the masters recommend first making the masonry of the entire structure "dry".This operation is necessary in order to get at least minimal practice and "fill" the hand, as well as to understand the device of each of the series. In addition, it becomes possible to fine-tune the bricks for the subsequent masonry.

The masonry is manufactured in accordance with the orderly schemes developed and tested many times already. If this particular furnace option is chosen, it is possible to find a large number of "orders" for rectangular and square designs, with a camera around the plate and without it , with an oven and a hot water tank.

It is impossible not to mention the peculiarities of the design of the kitchen stove with the stove arranged on the back or on the side. This variation nt pr is red will suit for the holiday home, as one can say one bedroom the place will always be ready. Even if there is no need to warm up, since is warm the nights stand, the couch can be used as a bed - it is only necessary to lay the mattress and pillow on the .

If there is enough space in the house, and there is a desire to erect such a structure, then the design of this furnace will be not much more complicated than the of the usual plate .Naturally, more material is required for work, and will leave for more time for laying, but you can save on buying a bed and at the same time always take place for drying wet clothes and shoes, fruits, vegetables and berries.

The masonry layout of such a stove can be well seen in the picture shown.

Video: super compact heating furnace

Russian oven

This Russian oven - is quite a massive structure, requiring a large area for installation and a large amount of fuel for a good warm-up. Previously, the furnace occupied about half the area of ​​the hut, because it was the main element in the house - , it not only fed the whole family, but also treated, and also gave a cozy overnight stay. Around the her were under construction, where the sleeping places were arranged.

flats Today, it is rare in private homes to find a real Russian oven , as it takes up a lot of space, requires a massive foundation, a lot of material for masonry, and it's unlikely that anyone will sleep on the stove or floor today,that will be. But still some owners of mansions to maintain the interior style choose this particular version of the heating furnace, as it becomes not only a functional construction, but also a decorative element of the interior.

. If 's Russian was exactly dreamed of, and only the instructions for its are missing, we recommend readers follow the link. In the article that opens, you will be able to find not only a detailed guide, but also a list of all the necessary for the masonry process, as well as 3D-ordering.

Furnaces-fireplaces

The dream of many homeowners - to have in a private house a fireplace. However, they also need clearly that is not functional in its "pure form" and is only suitable for heating one small room. Usually romantic atmosphere is missing in the fireplaces, dreaming to spend cold evenings at the open fire, a case of crackling dry fragrant firewood. But, for example, for a holiday home this is not enough, since the fireplace will not allow you to cook food or bake bread, and the heat from it very quickly disappears.

In this case, a design was developed that combines a heating furnace with a hob and an oven, and a fireplace that can be used separately.

A similar design can be either compact or rather massive. In some models the fireplace of the fireplace is located on the side, in others - on the side opposite to the plate. Furnace-fireplace can be installed so that its side with stove and oven would leave in side of kitchen area, and fireplace - in side of seating area.

Schemes of this structure - not too complicated, but it will be necessary to purchase a lot of additional metal elements.

To find out more about how the process of the stove-fireplace goes, please refer to the article of our portal, dedicated to exactly this topic.

Types of brick stoves in place installations

In addition to the classification of brick kilns in terms of functionality, size and massiveness, they can be divided into the shape of the base and the location of their location in the house. This is also an important criterion for choosing the of a particular model.

Furnaces in the form of their base can be:

- simply rectangular or rectangular with a ledge in the form of a cooking plate;

- square;

- round;

- triangular( trapezoidal), for location in the corner;

- T-shaped.

• Rectangular stoves can be installed near a wall, serve as a wall or stand in the middle of a room, which needs to be divided into two different zones.

In addition, the rectangular furnace can have a ledge in the form of a cooking plate.

Rectangular can be any of the above-described types of furnaces. The structure can have massive or compact forms. The choice of the desired option depends on the area of ​​the premises and the capabilities of the of the hosts .

• Square furnaces can also be installed anywhere in the room. They are quite compact , although the can be quite versatile, and not only cope with the heating of the premises, but also have a hot water tank and a hob.

• A circular kiln is not often found in private houses recently, although it was popular before. This design was often installed at the junction of the of three small rooms, and it not only heated the neighboring rooms, but also added individuality to the interior.

Round kilns are also often referred to as "Dutch", as they have an internal structure identical to the original original design. This structure has an elegant appearance and does not take up much space, but it has a low functionality, it does not keep warm for a long time. Therefore, if the house has only stove heating, the round "Dutch" is installed more often as a second stove to warm the rooms faster.

• The corner furnace can be called the most compact of all. Performed qualitatively, it will also heat the room as well as other types of furnaces. However, usually the corner furnace has only one function - heating .Of course, near her can dry shoes or clothes, but you can not cook food or warm water.

If it is the goal to build a fireplace in one of the rooms, it is best to replace it with a corner oven that will look like a fireplace portal, but it will give much more heat.

• The T-shaped oven does not have many functions, but it is capable of heating three rooms at once, as in its rear walls have special channels through which hot air passes through the furnace.

This type of furnace is part of the wall, , therefore, the , despite its massiveness, does not occupy a large area. A compact oven can be built into the design or even a one-burner hob. Successful Variant nt for I have a choice in case if there is no heating in any way in three premises of the house, but you need to save as much space as possible.

Cast iron heating furnaces

Modern cast iron furnaces are often no less popular than brick ones, as in some of their qualities they even outperform massive buildings. These advantages include lower cost, compactness, elegant appearance, the possibility to do without a massive foundation, light and fast installation.

If there is not enough room for a brick oven in the house, then it's worth choosing the cast iron , especially as the has qualities that are ideal for heating appliances.

The following qualities can be attributed to its advantages:

• Cast iron quickly heats up, as it has very good thermal conductivity. Thanks to this, the room is filled with heat in the shortest possible time. Meta ln cd especially to withstand high temperatures, without deforming, not giving t t of the cracks and, after heating for its massiveness and heat capacity cools down for a long time, giving heat to the room.
• Provided that the house is well insulated , the cast iron unit will operate with an efficiency reaching 80 - 85%.This circumstance allows to save fuel, and means - there will be no extra expenses. If you buy a quality cast iron stove and properly install the chimney, the fuel costs will be much reduced.
• Due to the resistance of the material to high temperatures, such furnaces last for a very long time, without creating significant problems for the owner of the house during the course of operation. The minimum warranty period of active service, established by manufacturers for similar heaters, is not less than 10 years for the .
• Heat resistant glass doors with self-cleaning effect are often installed on cast-iron stoves. They can be located both in the center of the front panel of the furnace, and with a displacement in one of the sides and even on the side walls.
• In addition, if you choose a ceramic-coated oven, then the effective heat dissipation time will be even above, that is, the heat in the room will last longer.
• Any of the cast-iron stoves perfectly will suit for installation in a house of any size, as it takes up very little space.

Cast iron furnaces are manufactured in four varieties: heating, heating and cooking, fireplaces and stoves-sauna heater for the sauna.

Heating cast iron furnaces

Heating cast iron furnaces only work on the providing the with heat at home. Thanks to the transparent door made of refractory glass, you can watch the play of the flames, sitting quiet evenings in a cozy armchair.

Unlike brick furnaces, cast-iron occupy very little space, and it will look great in a small room of a dwelling house or villa.

The furnace is easy to install and does not require special reinforcement of the base on which it will be installed. Many models are equipped with a niche for storing firewood, which allows the always to have dry fuel at hand.

Heating and cooking cast-iron furnaces

Heating-cooking furnaces have in their design one or two burners, and sometimes another and an oven that allow cooking, heating water and baking bread or cakes. These functions are simply necessary in conditions of giving -, they allow saving on electricity, and if it does not have at all or is supplied by with frequent interruptions, then furnace becomes simply an indispensable assistant.

The heating and cooking oven is more effective also in case of room heating, since the heat does not only come from the housing, but also from the cooker and oven. Even a kettle heated on the stove will also be a kind of heat source for a while.

Cast-iron stoves-fireplaces

Cast-iron stoves-fireplaces are equipped with glass doors, which can be opened if desired, to admire the open fire .And you can keep it closed, then the device will perform the functions of the oven to a greater extent and effectively heat the room. The furnace-fireplace differs from the usual heating with the larger .

Some ovens-fireplaces have a built-in oven, which is very useful for a long stay at the dacha. If there is such a function in the oven, then it is enough to take the necessary baking products with you, and you can at least every day enjoy a fragrant bread of your own baking or pies with berries with of your own villa. The oven will not interfere in the city, as it has long been noticed that the products cooked in the oven on wood are much more fragrant and tastier than in an electric or gas oven.

Cast-iron stoves-fireplaces are manufactured in different forms. They can be not only rectangular and square, but also round or trapezoidal - angled. Therefore, you can always choose the right option, depending on the size of the room and the planned installation location.

Furnaces for sauna

For the heating of baths, special stoves are made-stoves in which there is a place for stacking stones. In the firebox, they can be heated, as they say, "red-hot", giving them to steam dry heat. And if you want them to splash a little cold water or herbal broth - and the room will be filled with a fragrant health-improving steam.

In more modern models of heaters special steam generators are built in, which are able to fill the room with steam for 12-15 minutes after furnace is flooded. Special dosers can also stand, ensuring a constant and uniform vaporization.

Several examples of cast iron

produced. In conclusion of the article - a small top-survey of popular cast-iron heating stoves;

Furnace-fireplace "Normandy"

The heating furnace of the Russian company "Meta" has a neat and aesthetic appearance. The weight of this device is 170 kg, so it is quite possible to install it on the second floor of the two-story private house. The height of the furnace is 736, the width is 756, the depth of the furnace is 445 mm, and the diameter of the pipe is only 150 mm. The furnace power is 12 kW, due to this it is able to heat rooms with volume up to 240 m³, almost without "stealing" the usable area.

Furnace has a classic black color that allows you to fit its into any interior - it will look organic with furniture of any shades. The panel on the top of the oven will allow you to cook dinner, heat water or weld coffee.

Furnace-fireplace " Ambra"

This stove-fireplace of the famous Polish company "Eurokom" has an retro design that gives the its special appeal. The furnace in is produced in black or bronze color, so it is easy for to use for any color solution of the interior. The characteristics of the furnace are as follows:

- height 730, depth 400, width 520 mm;

- weight - only 75 kg;

- the heat output is 9 kW;

- heated volume - 140 ÷ 150 m³;

- Efficiency - 70%;

- diameter of chimney - 1 50 mm.

For the hob there is a cover that has an openwork pattern. It not only is an ornament of the device, but also serves as a protective screen of the wall from ingress of spatter r g on the food panel.

The furnace glass has an additional fencing in the form of grating , which also serves as for decorative decoration. There is a function of blowing glass, a regime of long burning of fuel is provided - from one loading - up to 10 hours .

Due to its outstanding characteristics and compactness, the furnace has become the top of sales in recent years.

Furnace-fireplace "Bavaria - Prismatic " with with

This popular model of the Russian company Ecocamine is a full-fledged stove, even reminding of its external data electric or gas stove. It has a comfortable height, so it does not have to bend down, preparing food.

In the oven there is a niche for firewood, which allows to dry them if they are placed in the on the in advance.

The is also equipped with an protective screen for the cooking oven, has a glass door opening on the side walls that the gives the a more extensive, panoramic view of the fire. In addition, the glass walls are equipped with a special blowing, which keeps the glass from the deposit, leaving it always clean.

The furnace quickly warms up the room, while the gives the the opportunity to fully cook food. Its side walls are finished with ceramic panels, which contribute to long-term heat preservation.

Furnace-fireplace has the following characteristics:

- height 945, depth 550, width 710 mm;

- chimney diameter - 200 mm;

- Efficiency - 80 - 85%;

- oven is capable of heating a room of 260 ÷ 275 m³ due to its high thermal output of 14 kW.

The stove does not take up much space, so the perfectly fits the even for a small kitchen. , does with logs up to 500 mm long, and the long burning mode allows the to load 1 time every 5 ÷ 7 hours

Video: another representative of the Bavaria line - the Sofia stove

Thinking about additional or basic heating for the house, it is necessary to calculate all "for" and "against" of this or that device. It is necessary to evaluate everything - and dimensions, and thermal power, and the cost of materials or finished products, and the complexity of installation or construction. The final decision - for the owners of housing.