Solvent P4 - substance characteristic
Among a wide variety of auxiliary materials for painting works used in the preparation of surfaces or as additives to paint solutions( in order to give them the necessary properties), solvents are of great importance.
Such a mixture of simple organic components is used for work with epoxy, perchlorovinyl and other varnishes and enamels. The solvent grade P-4 GOST defines as a mixture of twenty-six percent of acetone, twelve percent of butyl acetate and sixty-two percent of toluene.
Solvent P-4, GOST 7827-74 , can work with many varnishes and enamels, in particular based on chloride resins. The combination of its components is effective for bringing the density of varnishes and paints to the working viscosity. It has a high volatility, on which the technique of its use is based. After the paint is applied, the solvent evaporates, the film-forming substance hardens, turning into a protective coating.
Solvent P-4a can dissolve gray and protective enamels ХВ-124, which distinguishes it as a modification from the usual composition of P-4.Both solvents have the appearance of a colorless or slightly yellowish homogeneous liquid with a characteristic specific odor, with no visible suspension. The compositions of both contain less than one percent of water.
Solvent P-4 - use and toxicity
Like P-4A, P4 solvent GOST also offers the use of a diluent, thanks to the properties of its components. The presence of butyl acetate in the composition prevents the discoloration and whitening of the films of the applied paint and varnish and improves their gloss.
But you need to consider the property of acetone to easily mix with water. Do not allow water to enter the mixture during work. This can cause whitening of the transparent and distortion of the color of the paintwork.
Almost all solvents have a high degree of fire hazard. Not exception and the solvent brand P-4: the characteristics of its components provide a slight inflammability and explosiveness of the composition of their mixture. Pairs of the same butyl acetate are heavier than air and are able to accumulate in the lower part of the room, a large concentration of such vapors is explosive.
Analogous hazards are the accumulating vapors of acetone and toluene. The latter, as is known, is used as a raw material in the production of trinitrotoluene. When using such fluids are mandatory to comply with the requirements of fire safety. As extinguishing agents, carbon dioxide, air-mechanical and chemical foam of fire extinguishers, water of finely dispersed spraying is recommended.
Solvent P-4a - safe operation technique
When planning to buy and use P4 in operation, the hygiene requirements must be taken into account. All components included in the mixture have a negative irritant effect on the mucosa of the respiratory tract and eyes.
Work in closed and unventilated spaces associated with prolonged breathing of fumes leads to narcotic effects, disorientation and confusion, coughing, severe headache and dizziness. Possible severe puffiness, central nervous system damage and food poisoning in pairs.
Negative effects have the property of accumulating in the body. Based on the above, work with the compounds are conducted with exhaust and supply ventilation, with the application of measures of protection of the respiratory tract and eyes, gloves or mittens.