The use of tiles in the arrangement of the house is a serious step towards the transformation of the home. Despite all the negative aspects of the material, the tiles also have undeniable advantages, without which modern furnishings can not be imagined. It is also worth noting that some materials simply do not fit in their essence to any premises. A couple of decades ago ceramic tiles were almost the only finishing material, but now everything has changed.

At that time this material was extremely simple and versatile. Modern manufacturers represent a huge assortment of tiles, which can be selected according to color, pattern and even shape.

It is not so easy to do the tiling on a brick or wooden wall independently. To ensure that we have a quality surface that will last as long as possible, we need to build on some rules and advice.

We prepare the surface of the wall for laying the tiles

Of course, laying the tiles on the wall begins with the preparation of the surface. Many consider this to be the most difficult stage, because the smoothness of the surface and the overall durability of the finishing layer depend on it.

To make the process as simple as possible, it is necessary to remove all plumbing and other objects that interfere with finishing work. If the tile is already present on the wall surface, it is necessary to take a chisel and a hammer, and to discourage all the old material. This process is quite traumatic, because the sharp parts of the tiles often fly away from the wall. At a minimum, you should wear glasses that will protect your eyes. It is also advisable to use gloves and closed work clothes.

After the successful removal of the old tiles, you will also need to remove all old glue. This process is performed using a hammer and a chisel. It should be understood that the adhesive layer can be too hard, therefore it is necessary to approach this process as carefully as possible.

Now comes the time of one of the most critical stages. During it, you should make the wall surface as flat as possible, otherwise in the end result we will get a horrible external wall. Fortunately, this process is quite simple, so even beginners in the construction business should cope with it. The plaster should also be strong. For testing, you can drag it with your finger. If it is showered - it is definitely worthwhile again picking up a hammer and chisel, and start removing this layer right up to the brickwork. In the event that the integrity of the plaster does not raise any questions, it is definitely worth starting the next stage - checking the geometric parameters of the surface. For this process, we need a special weight and a rope, on which the first element clings. With the help of such an elementary object you can establish how smooth the wall is. The rope with a weigher clings to the highest point of the wall.

You also need to check the corners to determine the required values. A corner should always point out that the angle of the wall is 90 degrees. Otherwise it is necessary to conduct plastering. It is necessary to understand that the necessary value of the wall angle is an incredibly important factor. Especially it can be felt in the event that a washing machine or bathroom is installed in one corner or another. Unambiguously, these objects will immediately focus on the fact that the wall is really a curve.

Already with the help of the water level, it is necessary to check the surface of the walls on the convexity and other negative features. Of course, it is also possible to apply a rope with a weights, which were mentioned a little earlier, but it should be clearly understood that the water level indicates even the slightest shortcomings of the wall, which is very important.

Laying tiles on the surface of the floor, like on the walls, is practically no different. It is really important that a level is applied in this process, which will ensure a perfect flatness of the surface.

Important steps in the construction of the wall before laying the tiles

Obviously, then immediately begins the alignment of the walls. For this we will need some tools:

• drill and construction mixer, which are necessary for blending the mixture;
• containers of different sizes for mixing( plastic buckets);
• grater and trowel for the cement slurry process;
• water level for surface smoothness analysis;
• spatulas, which will be needed to apply these or other construction mixtures.

First of all, the technology of laying the tiles on the wall begins with applying cement mortar to the surface. This is done, first of all, for leveling the wall. Throw a solution with a trowel. To apply the material evenly on the surface, a grater is used. It is of utmost importance to check the final result of the application, which is carried out using the water level. Too thick a layer of solution is not the best option. You should try to make it as thin as possible, but not at the expense of geometric parameters of the surface.

The leveling of massive surfaces is carried out using plaster. For an optimal result, you should use special beacons. Mount them vertically. Obviously, with an even wall they will look as harmonious as possible. The device called the rule will help you to remove the extra finishing material very simply. Be aware that beacons have different profiles. In the event that the surface has small flaws in terms of flatness, it is necessary to use a larger profile.

The number of beacons can be unlimited, but it makes sense to equip them at a fixed distance, but that does not damage the evenness. Mounting of lighthouses occurs on alabaster. A small problem occurs when cement dries long enough. At any time, lighthouses can simply collapse. In this case, experts advise using alabaster in several points of the bar.

Also special metal profiles will need to be arranged on the corners. Without them, achieving a perfectly flat angle( 90 degrees) would be almost impossible. At once in several places of profiles nails are hammered and stretched by cords. It is worth checking the strength of the structure so that in the future, under the pressure of the tile, there is no collapse. When the solution applied to the profiles solidifies, it is necessary to remove nails and cords. Then begins the final plastering. The plaster is applied with the movements "up and down".To achieve the most level surface of the wall, it is necessary to make plastering, starting from the location of the lighthouses.

Features of the choice of ceramic tiles

Laying tiles on the wall of the kitchen or any other room is primarily based on the material itself. It is uniquely important to choose a high-quality tile, which in all its properties would meet the requirements. First of all, we will need to measure the walls, which must be covered with tiles. When visiting a construction store, you should distinguish between the floor tile and the wall. They, at first glance, do not have any special differences, but the floor tiles have additional strength, which is useless to the walls. Also, the surface of the floor tile has a certain roughness, which promotes comfortable movement.

Next, you need to pay attention to the grade of tiles. Often, the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd classes of material can be distinguished by eye. For example, the third class of tiles looks quite modest and is used in cases where it is necessary to save on the construction process. The main difference between the existing classes of tiles is their caliber. More precisely, this is their standardization. Sufficiently serious technology of tile production has its drawbacks. First of all, this refers to the size of the material. During the responsible construction works, the tiles must correspond to the regulated dimensions and parameters as much as possible. The 2 nd and 3 rd grades do not always have the necessary dimensions, however the deviations are still minimal.

To avoid getting into an unpleasant situation, you should take a little more tiles than necessary. This is obvious, because during the masonry process anything can happen. The material can simply crack along the road, or break during the styling process. Also, there is a possibility that the required volumes of tiles are simply incorrectly calculated. Several spare pieces of material can save the situation even after several years, when one of the tiles will crack. The assortment of facing material varies quite often, so after a couple of years it will be difficult to find a similar coloring of the material.

Also when laying tiles on the wall, we need a quality dry construction mix. Obviously, any product has its purpose. If you are laying tiles on a brick wall in the bathroom, you should look to the mixtures for wet rooms. If tiling occurs on the outer walls of the dwelling, it is necessary to evaluate the parameters of frost resistance of the building mix. It is also very important to pay attention to the maximum allowable thickness of the layer, which must be indicated on the packaging of the material.

The process of laying the tiles on the surface of the wall

Before starting the process of laying the tiles, we need to prepare the glue material. In a container of water should be added in small portions of glue. At the same time, it is necessary to stir the composition. Large amounts of material should be mixed with a drill or a construction mixer. If you fill the entire volume of the mixture in water, then it will be extremely difficult to stir the tool, you should take this into account. In the end, the mixture should not be too liquid and too thick.

Begins laying the tiles from the bottom row. To ensure that each row is as flat as possible, it is necessary to use a wooden rail that can be attached to the top of the material and checked. It is also necessary to use angled slats. They will be required after laying the first row of tiles. At the level of the top point of the tile of the first row, we drive the nails into the slats. Accordingly, we draw a thread between the corners, which will show us even the slightest inaccuracies in the laying.

Apply the adhesive mixture to the tile with a notched trowel. Press the tile against the wall gently. Between the tiles need to insert crosses, which will provide small gaps between the material. Clearances are arranged in case of even a small warm expansion, which necessarily can arise. Then the tile can, at least, crack.

After each new stacking sequence, it is necessary to drive the nails into the corner rails and pull the thread again. So it should be laid down until the very end. If in certain areas the whole tile does not fit - you need to cut it. This is done with a tile cutter. This device is very similar to a glass cutter - the principle of work is the same.

The amount of the applied mortar must be small. It is also very important to check the level of the surface using a level.

After laying the tiles on the wall, you need to remove all remnants of the adhesive mixture with a rag. Seams between tiles must be filled with grout. This material can be of different colors, so everything here depends on the tile color and personal preferences of the owners. A rubber spatula can also be used to tightly fill the seams.