Permissible voltage loss
Methods of arithmetic calculation of air electronic networks with wires from various materials by loss of voltage. The permissible voltage loss in the electronic network is determined by the probably allowed voltage deviations in potential users. Therefore, consideration of the request for a response to voltage deviations is given considerable interest.
For any receiver of electrical energy, specific voltage drops are possible. For example, non-simultaneous power units in standard norms allow the deviation of voltage anomalies ± 5%.This means, therefore, that in a curious incident if the rated voltage of the provided electric motor is 380 V, from this voltage U'dop = 1.05 Uh = 380 x 1.05 = 399 V and U "add = 0.95 Uh = 380 x0,95 = 361 V it is necessary to proceed from its most likely permissible voltages indicators. Of course, all buffer voltages, placed among the notations of 361 and 399 V, will still satisfy the buying user and compose a certain range, one or the other without options can be called the rangedesired voltages.
Permissible lossvoltages in the
line Users of electronic energy activity workloads are done normally when their terminals are supplied with that voltage, based on the mathematical calculation of the manufactured electrical apparatus or apparatus. When electric power is transmitted along the lines, a part of the voltage is lost to the resistance of the lines themselves and eventually to the very endband, i.e. the buying user, the voltage goes down, than at the beginning of the line. The voltage drop in the buying user, when compared with the ordinary one, is reflected in the operation of the current receiver, albeit a power or light load.
Because of this, when calculating each power transmission line, the voltage difference is not required to exceed with a high probability of possible rates, the networks generally recognized by the choice of electric load and counted for heating, in the main, are measured by loss, drop in voltage.
The voltage drop ΔU is the voltage difference at the beginning of the line and at its end.ΔU is usually defined in conditionally comparative units of measure - in relation to the indicated voltage.
When using a counter voltage adjustment, it is possible to amplify the probably allowable voltage loss. Unfortunately, the area of its introduction has limitations. Most of the village users are powered from the buses of substations of the energy system of their district, industrial or communal electrical installations. At the same time, there may be electricity from substations with voltage 35/10 or 110/35 kV.
The loss of voltage on the lines of the air rows is calculated by the method for the greatest possible load. Since the voltage loss is approximately equal to the load with the lowest possible power consumption, on the lines of the rural air network it has the highest value of 25%.
Permissible voltage loss ASE48
PUE is the main document that counts requests for various forms of electrical equipment. The accuracy of the implementation of the PUE requests guarantees the faultlessness and security of the operation of electrical installations.
Requests for the PUE are indispensable for all institutions irrespective of formal ownership and organizational legal forms, as well as for private entrepreneurs and individuals, by working designers, assembling, setting up and using electrical installations.
PUE of the 7th edition
Levels and control of voltage, reactive power compensation:
- Paragraph 1.2.22.For electric grids, engineering procedures for guaranteeing electric power properties should be stipulated in relation to the request of GOST 13109
- . Paragraph 1.2.23.The adjustment of the voltage must establish a stabilization of the voltage on the buses with the voltage of 3-20 kV of the substations and power stations where one or the other is connected to the electricity distribution network in the range of not less than 105%, indicated in the maximum load interval and not more than 100%, indicated in the minimum load interval of thesesame networks. Inaccuracy from the mentioned voltage levels should be justified
- Paragraph 1.2.24.The alternative and positioning of reactive power compensation equipment in power networks is made from the desperation of supplying the necessary network capacity in normal and after emergency operations while maintaining the required voltage levels and endurance reserves.
