Septic for a dacha by our own hands - we select and install a septic tank

Disposal of liquid household waste is an inevitable process, which we can do to facilitate. In order to use the benefits of civilization was easy and comfortable for you, you just need to know some features of different methods of utilization and apply them competently.

The process of vital activity implies that the resulting liquid household waste will be regularly disposed of. In multi-storey buildings, the waste disposal process is set up using central sewerage. But private traders need to think about before choosing this or that way of removing the products of vital activity. In the event that there is no central sewer nearby, it is possible to arrange the export of ZHBO or arrange the system in such a way that the wastes are cleaned and removed themselves.

Classification of recyclable ZHBO devices for dachas

Let's consider an example when an ordinary family consisting of 4 people lives in a summer residence in a summer residence. In this case, you can do with the usual cesspool. Or purchase a sealed container, two cubic meters in volume. However, these are far from ideal variants. More interestingly - a dacha septic tank, which will naturally clean liquid household waste. And what about if you live all year round? Or, if a lot of people use the sanitary unit at once? There is no way to do without an autonomous sewer system.

In order to understand all the variety of disposal methods, we classify them. It is difficult to find out which type of septic tank is needed when you do not have an idea of ​​their features. So, the design of septic tanks can be:

1. multi-chamber;
2. small single-chamber;
3. small two-chamber.

Multi-chamber septic tanks is a series of chambers for waste water, passing through which ZHBO for ten days are cleaned of solids and impurities. The result is relatively clean water, which can then be used for household needs.

Small single-chamber septic tanks - are designed for water consumption per day, no more than one cubic meter.

The small two-chamber septic tanks are made up of a drainage system and a pair of tanks, one of which is small and the second one is large. The way of drains in a two-compartment septic tank is this: they first enter a large container and settle there for a while. Solids settle on the bottom, where they are processed by bacteria, turning them into sludge. Then the fine particles in the drains come with water to a smaller capacity, settling on its bottom. In a small capacity, bacteria for septic tanks also work. After all this, the liquid leaves the drainage system for complete purification. Both tanks must be equipped with hatches, in order to easily inspect the cleaning of septic tanks. In addition, a tap is required for the gases that the bacteria secrete, processing waste.

Selection of material for the construction of a septic tank

Before starting the construction of a septic tank, you must select the material from which it will be made. The choice of material determines the costs, including labor costs for the organization of the sanitary zone. After all, from what material will be chosen, will depend on the time spent on construction and durability of the septic tank. The main materials for the septic device are four.

1. prefabricated reinforced concrete;
2. . Monolithic concrete;
3. brick;
4. plastic.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete structures - have proven themselves for use as septic tanks with a single chamber. The high strength of factory concrete products helps the septic to serve long and reliably, avoiding erosion. These structures have dense, resistant, waterproof walls. The positive moment of using prefabricated reinforced concrete is that it will be possible to organize a septic tank literally in a day. It will take only a technique to dig a pit. Reinforced concrete, by the way, unlike plastic, is not afraid of soil pressure.

Monolithic concrete septic tanks are most often used in the organization of two-chamber septic tanks. The installation of the formwork and the subsequent pouring of concrete is a laborious work. The time will also be wasted to allow the concrete to freeze completely, before laying the floor. But the reliability of the received design is beyond any doubt.

The brick septic tank looks like a sealed well of rectangular or circular cross-section. The construction is built in one layer, just like an ordinary wall. But first of all, a fortified foundation must be built, so that the brick wall does not crack, does not sink. Of course, you do not need a foundation for a residential building, but nevertheless, you need to align and strengthen the surface. The size of the septic tank determines how much material will be used for its construction. When building a small capacity, it is also possible to apply half of the bricks to lay out the inner radius. It is recommended to use clinker brick in the construction, which has good strength and long service life. Even after the construction is completed, the brick walls of the septic tank are treated with waterproofing, penetrating the surface with mastics. The interior is finished with cement mortar. Pleases the cost of construction: it is relatively low, compared with other options.

Plastic septic tank .Today you can buy a ready-to-use plastic septic tank. After buying, you just need to install the capacity correctly. However, the price of the tank is considerable, and the installation requires special efforts. The advantages of plastic capacity - fast installation, long service life, reliability. There is, however, one essential restriction: plastic does not withstand the pressure of the soil. And where the groundwater table is high, this type of material is constantly "pushed out" to the surface. Naturally, pushing - does not mean that the tank will exit from the ground completely, however, fluctuations of the septic tank, pressure on it from the ground, may well lead to depressurization of the tank. The system can get an undesirable bias. To get along without problems, a plastic septic tank is even concreted. And this, too, is worth the money.

Features of different types of septic tanks

Installation of a plastic container : 4 pairs of working hands are required, a pit into which a plastic container will freely enter. Sand for sprinkling the bottom of the pit( 30 cm layer) or concrete screed under the container. It is imperative that after installing the container on each side, a half-meter of free space should remain to the edges of the pit. The second stage is filling the plastic septic with sand and tamping. The vessel is immersed in a pit with a conventional rope. To ensure that the container is not deformed, a brick fence or a concrete screed with fittings is laid over the walls of the pit, read about the septic tank TANK.

Assembly of the composite structural design - assumes the presence of a truck crane. The rings are stacked on each other, fastened, and the seams between them are sealed with bitumen mastic and cement mortar.

Monolithic concrete septic tank - a concrete base is poured onto a sand pillow( 200mm).The bottom of the pit and the walls are reinforced. The thickness of the walls of the septic tank is not less than 200 mm. Then the formwork is poured with concrete in one day. After a couple of weeks, they build an overlap.

Construction from a brick .Stages: sand cushion and erection of walls, waterproofing of walls. For masonry choose full-bodied clay brick. The thickness of the walls and the base is 250 mm.

In addition, we advise reading the article about the septic tank "Tank".

Video - septic for a private residence with own hands, what you need to know