Lathe for wood: device characteristics Model

Lathe for wood - is a device with which the processing of wood products. According to its structure it is similar to devices that are used for metal processing, however, there are functional differences. To select a suitable mini machine for home workshop is necessary to study their structure, main technical characteristics, as well as range.

Kinds of woodworking machines

To date, there are three main types of turning machines for the processing of wood blanks, depending on their purpose:

• industrial (for large enterprises);
• semi (for small businesses);
• board (for domestic use).

Devices of the first type with high productivity, however, they are used for mass production of various products. From a functional point of view, they have no equal, because they are able to perform a lot of work of various kinds in the minimum time. The weight of such devices is not less than 200 kg, and the minimum power rating of 1 kw.

Semi machines used for small productions are smaller dimensions and, consequently, weight. Their weight ranges from 40 to 90 kg, and the functionality is much less than that of industrial devices, but it is enough to meet the needs of a small workshop. Power rating of such units varies from 0.5 to 1 kW.

Desktop devices are used exclusively for domestic purposes. Typically, such a device is installed on a workbench or other working surface and is used for processing of single parts of the tree. Mass mini lathe machine for wood does not exceed 20-40 kg, and the rate of power always below 0.5 kW.

Note!To select the turning device must first be repelled from its destination, and the presence of individual functions.

Today we can find many varieties of turning devices for the treatment of wood that are used in the home. They differ in terms of its functionality, as well as a number of other characteristics. Consider the most important products, household masters used for machining of wood:

• milling;
• screw;
• Copy-milling;
• Thicknessers;
• CNC device.

Turning and milling machines for wood generally used for boring slots. Winding machines are used for application to the workpiece and thread receipt of the items under the cone. Apparatus equipped with a copier, allow to produce articles of unusual shapes and do the job faster and more accurately.

In copiers special stencils used. Planers enable planed board. Lathes for wood CNC automatic machines are functioning on a given program.

The device of the lathe for the home workshop

From metalworking lathe devices like mini-machines characterized by the fact that do not require a cooling system. Power rating woodworking machine is also smaller. This is due to the physical characteristics of the material which is processed in this equipment. Wood harvesting is much more amenable to grinding or turning, so no great power is required to operate them.

Units for home workshops take into account the possibility of regulating the speed of rotation. The main structural elements of this device which are functional parts, are as follows: Cartridge and incisors.

The main function of the chuck to the lathe for wood - ensuring a secure fit workpiece, which has a specific index section. In turn, the tool is used for manual work at the mini-machine, which has no support. Typically, tool assemblies are used for the manufacture of various household utensils (e.g., cuttings for shovels), and to perform simple preforms by hand.

The cartridge is fixed to a front node (headstock), which includes a gearbox. This is an important structural element of the machine is different camming device.

Due to the cam mechanism, it is possible to reliably secure the workpiece in the chuck, which is very important for proper operation. The cartridge is massive and is responsible for the exact change in the workpiece position during processing. Also, this device performs the rotation of the processed wood products.

The rear assembly includes an opening in the form of a cone. It is necessary to set the center, the function of which is to fix the wooden blanks. Often such a thrust unit is sold separately. Buy a tailstock lathe will not be difficult, because the Internet is full of suggestions for its sale.

Mini machines are able to cope with the basic set of technical operations. Consider what you can do on a lathe on wood:

• turning;
• pruning;
• grinding;
• execution grooves;
• drilling holes;
• application thread.

Helpful information!Very popular in amateur school workshops are model machines, manufacturing wooden blanks. Such units are recommended to perform the simplest of tasks (cutting, turning), as well as for understanding the operation of such devices at the primary level. Over time, it becomes possible to use the knowledge gained to work on more complex equipment.

Table lathe wood: technical specifications

Desktop machines for working wooden workpieces are compact devices that can perform a lot of technical operations. Weight of most units of this type does not exceed 18 kg, making it much easier to install them on your work surface and change the place of work, depending on the need.

Power rating of this equipment ranges from 350 to 500 watts. The most powerful devices are used in small-scale production. The mass of these machines can be up to 90 kg.

With regard to speed, this parameter has a large influence on the quality of wood products processing. The minimum range of the spindle rotation speed is 400, and reaches a maximum of 3500 rev / min. This rate may be adjusted, depending on two factors, namely: the type of wood and the required processing accuracy in a particular case.

Best quality mini-woodworking machines are those that are produced by foreign manufacturers. The main advantage of imported devices is a higher power, which extends the operational capabilities of the equipment.

Features a desktop lathe wood Proma DSO-1000

This device is the most common today and is very popular among domestic masters. The company manufactures these units, located in the Czech Republic.

Such equipment is characterized by multi-tasking and is capable of performing a plurality of process operations. Machine Proma DSO-1000 is used for treatment of products, which consist of not only soft, but also of hardwood. Form preform can be different:

• cylindrical;
• cone-shaped;
• contoured surface.

Machining unit of this model is completed with photocopying facilities, and includes a set of essential tools that greatly simplify the processing of wood. Fixing the functional parts in this machine is made by the holder.

Power rating Proma DSO-1000 is 400 watts. The minimum number of spindle revolutions per minute - 850, and the maximum - 2510. rotation frequency is regulated, depending on the need. billet length, which is able to grind a similar unit, is 1 m (35 cm above the bed).

This model weighs 35 kg, which affects its dimensions, which are compact and versatile. Before you purchase are encouraged to review photos Lathe Proma DSO-1000, which can be easily found on the Internet.

And Proma DSO-1000 an affordable cost. The price of this unit is only 6,500 rubles., That with such functionality is one of the best performance on the market today lathe equipment.

Wood machines for home workshop HolzStar DB450

This model of woodworking machines for home use mass produced in China and has a quite good quality characteristics. Another factor contributing to the popularity of mini-machine HolzStar DB450 - clever design.

Note!Basis machine HolzStar DB450 (frame) is made of iron material, which allows to handle undesired vibration during operation. This increases the accuracy of the treatment of wooden blanks.

The main advantage of such a lathe for wood for home workshop is considered to be the spindle speed. It is regulated depending on the characteristics of the workpiece material and varies between 500 and 3150 rev / min. In turn, display device power is 370 watts.

Standard machine of this type is capable of processing wood products up to 45 cm. However, if necessary, this parameter can be increased. This will require the purchase extension frame, which increases the processing length of 1 m. When such a functional unit weight of only 38 kg. Worth machines HolzStar DB450 about 12,000 rubles.

Features of the lathe for wood JET JWL-1220

Another model that is popular among consumers - JET JWL-1220. JET produced woodworking machines in America. From the above-described devices of such machine has a higher value, which is 18500 rub. (At standard).

However, this cost is fully justified, since, from a functional standpoint, the machine JET JWL-1220 ahead of the previous model. Power rating of such unit is 750 W, and its engine can operate in two modes and has 6 speeds. In operation of the machine in the first mode, the spindle speed varies from 400 to 3300 rev / min. A second mode when the speed is increased to about 500-3900 / min.

The frame of the small lathe made of gray cast iron. It differs from black that has a higher resistance to mechanical damage (impact). Some functional parts JET JWL-1220 are also made from this material, so they are more resistant to wear.

And it is worth saying that the JET JWL-1220 is equipped with a special locking lever which simplifies the hardware device to the working surface. By bundling also include rubber feet, allowing the unit to eliminate movement during processing of wooden blanks and the frame extension length 71 cm. Mass JET JWL-1220 is slightly higher than previous models, and is 45 kg.

Features a mini-lathe machine Corvette 71

Such a model is produced in Russia by Anchor. She has a high level of functionality and a relatively small size. Machine for machining wooden workpieces Corvette 71 has a capacity of 370 watts, which is sufficient for simple technological operations.

Of the features of this model, it can be noted that it includes an asynchronous motor. And it should be said that the regulation of spindle speed is performed by changing the belt position on the friction wheels (pulleys).

Note!The package unit includes special keys that are necessary for the regulation of the cartridge, as well as screws for fixing to the working surface.

The rotation speed ranges from 760 to 3200 rev / min. The length of the wood workpiece, which can be treated on a similar unit, is 42 cm. Mass lathe wood Corvette 71-38 kg.

Regarding the vibration, it is at work on a small 71 Corvette. This effect is achieved due to the material from which frame runs (gray cast iron). The cost of such a device is about 16,000 rubles.

School lathe wood STD-120

Woodworking machines STD-120 are the training models, which are adapted to handle small articles of wood. Machine Series 120 is most often used in schools or amateur workshops.

The main feature of such a device from precursors - the ability to change the spindle rotational speed by moving the belt on the friction wheels. The pulleys in such equipment have two grooves, so the rotational speed is represented by two values: 1100 and 2150 rev / min.

The unit with which the control unit is made, and the pushbutton is located on the front assembly. Basic machine equipment STD-120 allows for the presence of interchangeable spindles, and the workstation is equipped with a special safety shutters. Such unit operates from the mains voltage of 380 V.

Related article:

Cutters for wood lathe: purpose and types of tools
The intended use, variety of cutters on wood. Independent production of cutting tools.

Engine power integrated in such a unit is 400 watts. blank length which may be treated in STD-120 is 45 cm. Fixing a model for turning the device is performed by means of special fasteners - anchors. STD-120 is massive and weighs 100 kg, and its value ranges from 40 to 50 thousand. rub.

Most of these machines are used for the production of simple wood products. Lathe for wood of this type can perform standard set of technological operations.

Turning and copying machines for wood

The unit for processing wooden blanks of this type includes a copier. Copy - this device allows the processing of products from a template. As a template, usually protrudes finished part.

The very process of the copier to work a lathe for wood is quite simple. To do this, hold them at the appropriate template, respecting its borders. Such a process step has certain advantages. For example, the task execution speed is increased, and when using the copier exclude the possibility of damage to the workpiece.

Working on the equipment that is not copied, you can not always fulfill the workpiece "by eye". Even experienced craftsmen occasionally commit certain errors. Therefore, the copier can rightly be considered a very important functional element, which reduces the reject rate during the processing of wood blanks.

Helpful information!Using a lathe for wood copier most justified in the case of manufacturing large quantities of identical parts of the tree.

Consider the work of turning and copying machines for wood in more detail:

1. First necessary to install a copier for special latching elements which are located in an upper part of the frame.
2. Next, you can start to work. During its flow forming roller will move along the outside of the stencil.
3. Roller integrated with the cutting element, carries the outlines of parts moving along the edge of the stencil on the wood.

Using a lathe for wood copier allows you to perform manufacturing operations indefinitely. This allows to use it in a small production, it is very important where speed and accuracy of manufacture of the various parts (e.g., legs of furniture).

Kinds of cutters for wood lathe

Cutters - elements that are used to remove certain amounts of the wood. All of them, from a constructive point of view, similar to each other and consist of two main elements: a cutting portion and a detent (rectangular or square).

The cutting edge may be provided with one or more surfaces. This element is characterized in its shape and width are selected depending on the nature of the manufacturing operation. The main criterion by which occurs cutters classification - their location relative to the wooden blanks. They can be in two positions:

• radial;
• tangential.

In the first case, the tool is used to remove large amounts of wood. For this purpose it perpendicularly. In turn, the tangential position is used for removing a small amount of wood from the surface of the workpiece. This allows her intricate patterns.

Also gouges for lathes for wood is classified as intended. To date, there are a lot of cutters, which differ in their design and are used to perform various processing operations. Consider the most common ones:

Reyer. The product, which is used for roughing workpieces. The peculiarity of this tool lies in its blade, which resembles a semicircle.

Meisel. This element is necessary for finishing. Its use allows to give a wooden pig final appearance. Meisel is a plate with an oblique blade which is sharpened on both sides at the same angle.

Scraper. The cutter of this type is necessary to align the surface of the discs, which is inherent in a cylindrical shape.

Comb. Used for applying the thread to the surface of the wood.

Hook. This tool is used for the organization within the cavities of workpieces.

Helpful information!There are other highly specialized incisors, which are used to perform specific tasks of varying difficulty. Some craftsmen make these functional products on their own, changing their shape at will.

Buy the cutters for lathes for wood can be in the markets, flea markets, in profile store or ordered online. As a rule, these products are sold in sets.

What lathe for wood to buy: Selection Criteria

There are some basic criteria that are recommended to pay attention when choosing a machine for processing wooden products. Chief among them is the power rating, which determines the purpose of the device. For example, for the treatment of wood products in the home suitable for desktop models that differ little power. If you need a machine for frequent use, it is best to pay attention to the unit with a capacity of 500 to 1000 watts.

Another important criterion, which should be guided in choosing the turning equipment - the size of future billets of wood. Lathe chosen on strictly defined parameters. In this case, there are two important indicators: distance between centers and the distance from the base (frame) mounted to the workpiece.

Finally, the third parameter that determines the accuracy of processing of wooden blanks - spindle speed. Today, machines can be found with the speed range from 400 to 3500 rev / min. In this case, traced the following pattern: the faster the spindle rotates, the more processing occurs wooden blanks.

In any case, the choice of equipment depends entirely on you. A wide range allows you to easily select the desired lathe. Videos on the topic will also help you to choose the unit for home use.

Features of work on the lathe for wood

Working for such a machine, you must be aware of some rules that are binding for all. For example, for the treatment necessary to use only dry wooden workpiece. Humidity such discs must not exceed 20%. Also worth remembering that the product should not have knots.

If you decide to treat the wooden disc, which is characterized by large dimensions, then experts advise to perform all the actions at low speed. It will do the job efficiently.

Note!To increase the service life of domestic woodworking machine, be aware that it needs periodic inspection and maintenance. The basic rule - every 500 hours of use necessary to perform lubrication of mobile elements.

Ease of embodiment woodworking lathe machines is a huge advantage. This is due to the fact that in case of failure of this or that detail, it can be replaced without any problems on their own.

But before you get involved in the design of the device, it is recommended to carefully study the repair instructions, which usually comes with the equipment. Also, experts advise before using this equipment the tutorials work on a lathe for wood.