Warming of the wooden house from the outside: the choice of material and technology

Qualitative warming of the house - the key to a comfortable life in the cold season. Therefore, in order not to disturb the winter frosts, on the choice of material and insulation technology is necessary to think in advance. This applies to all cases, including warming of the wooden house from the outside. Consider what you should look for when choosing a suitable material, as well as how to make all the necessary independence, when it comes to building, made of wood.

Warming of the wooden house from the outside: the most common materials

Thermal insulation materials, there are many. Some of them are very popular among consumers, and some, on the other hand, are used quite rarely. Consider what characteristics determine popularity, and what options are used most others:

• stone wool slabs - lightweight and comfortable material that is transported without any problems and lends itself to cutting even using a conventional knife. These plates are placed between the elements of the carcass, and then coated with steam insulating and waterproofing material from different sides. The main thing - in the process of transportation of mats do not compress and not to stamp them, as they are easily deformed;

• ecowool - material created on the basis of cellulose, which is compressed and packaged. For thermal insulation with its help, you can use two options. In the first case from the opened package lay out wool and gently stretching it, rammed into the wall. Definitely say whether this method is good is difficult. Some manufacturers claim that with this insulation you will not know the problems from 10 to 20 years. While denying the possibility of shrinkage and deterioration of the insulating properties of the material, it is completely impossible. The second method is called wet because ecowool sprayed onto the wall, whereby the setting time of the material with the skeleton and the risk of sedimentation is eliminated;
• foam - this is a very common and cheap way to insulate the building. Its low cost due to brittleness, fragility, and need further obkladyvat its dampproof membrane to avoid further accumulation of condensate. It is important that the need for insulation to buy only non-compacted foam sheets;
• polyurethane - material consisting of two separate components mixed together under high pressure. In contact with air, it behaves like an ordinary foam - expands. Warming of the wooden house with polyurethane foam is quite effective and reduces heat loss to a minimum. Besides, PPU It tends to repel water;
• insulation of natural origin - are various mixtures and plates, made on the basis of sawdust, straw, clay, etc... The cost of this method is not high, but choosing this option, you must be prepared to tinker. For an easy to use natural heat insulation material can be attributed, perhaps, the flax fibers.

Other materials used for external insulation of walls of the house

In addition to traditional materials, there are several other options that, while not yet acquired such popularity, is still often considered superior to have the characteristics.

1. Basalt plates facade insulation. Price - only drawback is that you can find in this material. Despite the similarity with the mineral wool, the material is at times superior to its technical parameters and characteristics. It provides excellent thermal insulation and at the same time able to withstand heavy loads and temperature changes. Over time, he does not give shrinkage and does not lose its characteristics. So it considerable in comparison with other materials, the cost can be called more than justified.
2. Penoplex - a material that is quickly gaining popularity, despite the fact that it appeared recently the market. The material is extruded polystyrene foam, characterized by low weight and good moisture resistance. This allows you to use it without laying additional waterproofing layer.
3. Insulation "Arctic", consists of synthetic fibers which are bonded to each other with hot air. The material is ideal for use in even the harshest weather conditions. This insulation is considered to be breathable and provides good temperature regulation both in winter and in summer.

Useful advice!By working with any kind of heat insulating material, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment, to prevent the fibers in the respiratory tract and the skin, as this can cause irritation.

Advantages of external insulation of a wooden house in front of the inner

Choosing the right way to work on warming of the wooden house - the key to a good result. Internal insulation of houses is rarely used as a thick layer of the material significantly reduce the area of ​​the room. in a wooden house Moreover, wall insulation inside lead to the fact that the outer side wall will still be exposed to cold, which will lead to freezing timber.

Incorrect work and failure to comply with insulation frame house technology could lead to that tree will rot from the inside and will be a favorable environment for the life of fungi and mold. That is why the method is no less important than the choice of a suitable material for this purpose.

But when external insulation is also important to make sure that the couple were free to go. Otherwise the wood will rot and check the condition of the walls will not be possible.

Features of technology of mineral wool insulation facade

When installing the heat-insulating layer is necessary to provide a waterproofing walls. For this purpose, perfect asphalt. Despite its low cost, it copes with its task. Initially, you need to cut strips from it and fasten them to the frame using a stapler. Step thus should not exceed 12 cm.

Glassine sheets overlapping glue so that the overlap was about 10 cm. This prevents condensation from entering on the insulation material.

Useful advice!If you plan to trim siding after warming the house, then you must make sure that the free space (approximately 30-50 cm) is left between it and the heater. This will prevent moisture retained in the frame.

When asphalt is mounted, you can proceed to the installation of insulation. Mineral wool in this case - is a great option, as it is not prone to fire and easy to install. The main thing is to correct the thickness of the mineral wool insulation was selected for the walls. For temperate climates, this figure should be 80-100 mm, and for regions with severe winter is possible to use a material thickness of 150 mm.

Technology of warming of facades with mineral wool provides the following sequence of activities:

• necessary to measure the distance between the uprights;
• adding to the result of 5 cm on each side with allowance;
• with a sharp knife to cut the mineral insulation plate walls to size and laid on top of them on the wall waterproofing;
• the joints between the insulation frame and further close the cut strips 3-4 cm wide.

Top necessarily fit vapor barrier layer material. Great penofenol, which is attached to the frame with a construction stapler. After that, it remains only to sheathe the walls with siding or edged boards, depending on your desires and can be considered a process of warming of the wooden house from the outside with mineral wool completed.

Useful advice!Stack penofenol strictly necessary in the horizontal direction, while leaving the joints 5 cm so that the foil part was outside.

Facade insulation extruded polystyrene: characteristics of the material

Expanded polystyrene has a very low index of thermal conductivity, it can be used effectively as a heat insulating material, applying to the outer cladding.

First extruded polystyrene was used in the United States, where he immediately gained popularity due to its characteristics. Its production comprises mixing a special composition consisting of carbon dioxide and freon with granular polymer. The resulting mixture was subjected to high temperature is fed into a special machine called an extruder. His task - to make foam composition and provide quality mixing of all components.

The resulting mixture in the extruder is formed into slabs, which solidify to form a light and durable insulating material. The advantages of such insulating walls Penoplex technology outside, include low vapor permeability material, as well as durability and resistance to external agents.

According to the manufacturer, the service life of the material can be up to 50 years, if it was observed stacking technology. According to the structure polystyrene is 90% of the air which is enclosed in a cell.

Expanded polystyrene is always used for the outer insulating walls, because the material has a considerable volume, and internal insulation Improvement will result in a substantial loss of space. If one considers a standard polystyrene thickness of insulating walls 80-100 mm or 30-40 mm, arranged in two layers, then such loss of usable space will be quite noticeable in the home.

This is not to underestimate the effectiveness of this method because by using this heat insulator is achieved savings of 50% on heating Accept. Although it is impossible not to notice a rather high price for the work. Outside wall insulation foam board with all the necessary finishing work will cost from 1300 rubles per 1 m².

Useful advice!In order to achieve the desired effect, it is necessary to carry out work at a temperature below 5 ° C and a maximum dry air.

Technology insulation of facades with polyfoam own hands

Like any work related to insulation surface, all begins with the preparation and purification of the wall of dirt and any excess solution. May interfere with the protruding elements and fittings just projections, that are not architectural design. When all the excess is removed, it is necessary to close up all cracks and crevices and primed surface.

When training is complete, you must install the vertical sag. Make it easier just using the nylon cords, fixed in increments of 0.5-0.7 m. With their help, you will be able to see if there are gaps in the wall or bulges and add more glue if necessary. Sometimes you have to change the shape of the plate slightly, using a special grater.

Useful advice!To the end result looked aesthetically pleasing, check each item packed using a spirit level.

Penoplex facade insulation technology provides that the fastening elements is made on a special adhesive mixture. Preparing it according to the instructions that came with it. It is important to use a number of prepared solution for 1.5 hours, if the ambient temperature is not too high. In hot weather, this period is reduced to 40-60 minutes.

Glue is applied to the plate at the edges, as well as five locations in the middle, no matter how thick penoplex selected to insulate the walls. This ensures its secure fastening to the wall surface. If you have to fix the insulation material on a perfectly flat surface, then applying the solution is best to use a comb trowel.

If you need to put not one, but two layers of Styrofoam, packing should be carried out such that the seams do not match. In addition, you will need to close up all the gaps between the plates, using small pieces of the same material or a liquid form. Mounting foam should not be used for this purpose. And if between the elements there are some discrepancies in the places where they have come into contact, then you can remove it using the same float.

Finally made even mechanical fixing insulation boards, to eliminate the risk of detachment from the surface. From the calculation of 5-6 fasteners on the sheet is fixed by means of Belleville dowels.

Technology insulation wooden house with polyurethane foam

Unlike expanded polystyrene, mineral wool and other popular heaters, sputtering technology polyurethane foam provides for highly complex procedures involving the use of expensive equipment. The thing is that in order to possess desirable coating properties and were stable to external factors, a mixture of components of the solution to be supplied under the influence of very large pressure.

Related article:

Vapor barrier for walls of wooden houses: the materials and features of the installation

The main materials used for vapor barriers, their pros and cons. Features a vapor barrier installation inside and outside the wooden house.

However, such conditions are justified by the fact that the lifetime of the insulation varies from 30 to 50 years. In addition, by making a choice in favor of this option, we can provide a home not only to keep warm, but also excellent sound insulation, which can not boast of no other material used for insulation.

Another quality polyurethane foam - the ability to take any form, which makes it a convenient application to the relief surface of the wall and beams.

However, to do all the work yourself, most likely, will not work, because to buy expensive equipment is not more than justified. Much more rational to invite experts for this.

Applying foam on the external walls of the house is as follows:

• at the agreed time, a team of professionals come to your home on a minibus, all the necessary equipment which is inside as well as the components necessary for the preparation of the mixture;
• to the places where deposition is performed, stretch hoses through which the prepared mixture is supplied;
• polyurethane foam is applied evenly to the prepared surface of the wall;
• after setting all the excess and removed and are stripped.

Like any other insulation, polyurethane foam perfectly amenable to finishing. Using the reinforcing mesh in the future can be applied on top of the plaster. And if you prepare in advance a frame, it is possible to make and trim siding.

Facade insulation foam technology: features fastening material

Fixing elements foam to the wall - a task that requires attention if the choice is made in favor of this material. Should start working with the installation of vertical awnings of cord to help you precisely position the first element.

According to house insulation foam technology outside, mounted using a special adhesive that is applied to the edges of the foam element and at five points inside. This provides a secure fixation element. Thus, the whole heater is mounted. In order to provide additional strength, and still can use plastic plugs, with their help securing sheets.

Technology insulation of walls outside the foam with your hands one of the most simple and familiar as this material is often used for various construction works and everyone one way or another, faced with him in home. So the main task - to choose the right thickness of the foam for insulation of walls on the outside of a wooden house and securely fix the material.

Obviously, bed sheets so as to avoid slits and gaps impossible. Therefore, they must be sealed with the help of foam. The next stage - the surface of plastering and laying of reinforced mesh. This will protect the wall from the destructive influence of external factors. However, there will be a single layer of small, apply at least two coats of a conventional one, and plaster to give the building an aesthetic appearance.

How to make their own bar-shaped house insulation from the outside

For warming houses of timber is best suited strict tile materials, as they possess sufficient density and are not subject to shrinkage over time. It is also important to choose the right thickness of the insulator. For example, wall thickness of 20 cm is enough thin material layer - 5 cm. And when it comes to insulation of 150x150 timber house from the outside, it is better to give preference to 10 cm thick to insulate the material.

Starting operation is a surface treatment mastic which repels water. Then you need to install a wooden frame that will hold the heater and will form the basis for fixing the finishing of the fabric.

Useful advice!All elements of the wooden frame is required to be treated with antiseptic, which prevents decay and protect the wood from moisture.

For thermal insulation of timber house is best suited basalt wool, which is attached to the surface of the wall with screws. Fixing must be placed at the rate of 4-6 pieces per 1 m². Atop necessarily fit diffusion membrane, which acts as waterproofing.

To a wooden skeleton nailed lath 5 cm thick. Their task - to create a ventilation gap, which does not allow moisture to accumulate. And by the by rails attached finishing material.

The cost of facade insulation various materials can be very different. Much depends on how serious the cost required to manufacture a heater. And sometimes it is necessary to take into account the need to acquire additional materials, such as steam and waterproofing layers, if they are needed.

For example, the price for facade insulation using expanded polystyrene will be around 1600-2000 rubles per 1 m². But in this case, if all the work is to perform professional. If you do everything yourself, you can save considerably, because the cost of the most common sheets does not exceed 30 rubles, although it happens that need a more durable and thick material.

Thermal insulation of the foundation slab: Is there a need for this

Another way to insulate the house - to use modern materials for the finishing of the foundation slab, which, like a wall, often becomes a source of freezing the building and may eventually start to collapse under the influence of external factors.
For many, the need for insulation of the foundation slab settles also the possibility of significant savings in the future, spending on home heating 1.5-2 times less resources.

However, simply purchase and attach the insulation is not sufficient. It is necessary to ensure the full functioning of the system, consider ways moisture removal and prevention of the development inside the fungi, mold, and corrosion processes. This requires precise engineering calculations that will make a point out of the main part of the building footprint.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the phenomenon of swelling soils, which is typical for the winter season and can create significant pressure on land located in the building elements. Therefore, among the tasks set before the insulation material for the foundation slab, and even protection against this kind of mechanical damage.

Restoration and insulation of Swedish technology: features of the method

Warming of foundation slabs on Swedish technology - one of the best foreign technologies, which became available in our region not so long ago. Consider, what are the advantages of this process, and what are the main technologies:

• methodology proposes the creation of a single solid construction consisting of reinforced cast concrete, equipped with stiffening ribs. Installation is made on a special pillow that is surrounded on all sides by slabs of expanded polystyrene;

• underneath the insulation and on the sides of it, poured sand;
• accommodate special water collecting and draining a drainage system;
• to reduce the burden on the drainage system, provided a blind area;
• inside the house will be provided with floor heating system, which is embedded in the base at the stage of its construction.

It is interesting that in Sweden, this technology has been used for over half a century, but in Russia it began to use no more than 10 years ago. But even in this short period it became apparent some of the features of this technology:

• This method is excellent for construction of single-storey and two-storey houses. But if we are talking about the construction of tall buildings, you will need a large number of calculations, and the resolution of all official bodies;
• at the design stage care must be taken to eliminate the risk of flooding the building. For this purpose, a sand bedding installation produce the desired height. Define the required parameters is possible, taking into account the statistical data, which are considered official for a specific region;

• must take into account the individual characteristics of the terrain on which the construction and based on the available data, the use of standard or enhanced drainage and waterproofing system;
• If you have to build on the ground, in which sand prevails, then to install the drainage system there is no need;
• as in all other cases, when it comes to working with concrete, to carry out all the work recommended in the warmer months, because the low temperature significantly increases the risk that the resulting design as a result there is not enough durable;
• even under the condition that the work will be contracted team of experts on the implementation of this technology takes time. It usually takes 3 to 4 weeks.

Interesting to know!If the quality of all work on warming and availability "Heated floor" system, even in the case of complete isolation of the heating, the heat in the house will be kept for 72 hours.

Selection of a suitable material for the insulation of the foundation plate

When deciding on the use of Swedish technology, it should be understood that in order to implement it are not suitable all the materials that we used to use as a heater. First of all, consider those that categorically not suitable for this purpose:

1. Mineral wool and its various analogues. Not having sufficient stiffness and strength, they are also prone to water absorption, which is unacceptable in such conditions.
2. Expanded clay and other granular materials. Their main problem is the inability to form a dense layer around the foundation because they absorb moisture.
3. Foam polymers, the creation of which is produced directly on the construction sites. And although in this case there is no explicit prohibition of such technology requires a great deal of experience and complex and expensive equipment. Even though the presence of these factors still can not guarantee success.

Based on the foregoing, it is clear that the ideal option for insulating basement home outside - expanded polystyrene. Its characteristics are consistent with all the requirements that apply to the material for the solution of all tasks.

Among these properties it is worth noting the following:

• Standard sizes of each board greatly facilitate their stacking process, allowing to make calculations based on available data, and providing high-quality and smooth the joints;
• Some manufacturers produce a plate equipped on the sides with special slots that provide further sealing each junction;
• the material is very durable and does not let the moisture;
• high thermal insulation properties allow for high-quality insulation, not putting a lot of layers of material or one, but too thick. It will be enough single layer plates of standardized thickness.

You can also make a blind area of ​​extruded polystyrene insulation, which further reduces the overall heat loss through the foundation of the building and will provide additional savings.

The technology foundation insulation extruded polystyrene

Process of heat insulation of the foundation plate is composed of several stages. Let us consider each of them, drawing attention to the nuances of the work, and the difficulties that may arise during installation.

To carry out this type of work it is considered sufficient to use Penoplex 10 cm thick. The only requirement - the material must be of high quality and purchased from a reputable manufacturer.

Useful advice!By purchasing any building materials, including polystyrene plates, better ask the seller a certificate for the proposed product. Before you make a purchase, make sure that the product meets all of the standards.

Site preparation is to evaluate the existing geological features of the site and the type of soil, which will have to work. In the process of digging a hole for the foundation, you must make sure that the bottom was flat as possible. To this end, in the final stage it is recommended to dig a groove by hand.

On the bottom of the pit poured sand layer, which is sealed without fail. Next, the installation of temporary formwork and concrete casting of the first layer. At this stage, the use of any elements for the reinforcement has not yet provided.

After hardening of the first layer of concrete on top of stacked polyurethane foam plates, which are arranged in two layers in a staggered manner. All joints and seams necessarily sealed to exclude the possibility of ingress of moisture. All this on top covered with a layer of strong plastic film, putting her lap and carefully place zakleivaya tape connections.

We can only make fill the main part of the foundation, which provides for the mandatory presence of reinforcing elements and is conducted in accordance with standard technology. After complete hardening of concrete, with a special adhesive composition to all mechanical parts are attached polystyrene plates.

As can be seen, foundation insulation technology of extruded polystyrene is not too difficult if the pre-acquainted with all the requirements for materials, as well as the order of operations.

The fact that the outer insulation of wooden houses bypasses much of the effectiveness of the interior, has repeatedly been proven in practice. Although much has, of course, it depends on the correct selection of thermal insulation material, and on complying with all requirements of technology. Fortunately, the modern market is rich enough, and is able to offer customers a wide choice of materials for thermal insulation of wooden houses.