Ventilated facade system: containment building

To strengthen the structure, protecting it from the negative effects of the environment, extending the period of operation and the creation of a presentable appearance of the exterior cladding of the building is done. The most popular technology is a system of ventilated facade, which solves both aesthetic and utilitarian functions. With the features of the popular decorative finishes can be found in this article.

Ventilated facade: it's a way for decorative and protective finish

The first step is to understand what a ventilated facade. It is represented by a multilayer constructions, which is attached to the outside of the building wall using the profiles and bolts. Between the surface layer of the construction and finishing materials provided air a space to provide ventilation to protect the wall from the accumulation of moisture and reducing heat homes.

Setting the ventilation facade allows to solve several problems at once. This lining provides reliable protection of buildings against the negative and destructive effects of moisture, temperature changes, wind loads. It helps to reduce energy costs thanks to termoprosloyki in Facing the cake. This finish improves the sound insulation of interior space, extends the period of operation of buildings.

Ventilated facade - is not only a containment building. He also serves as a decorative feature. Due to the wide range of color finishes can recreate a unique, unique and presentable appearance of the building, to realize extraordinary design solutions.

ventilated facade system can be used for facing both private buildings and apartment houses. It is actively used in the public and industrial facilities, technical areas of bus, commercial buildings, gas stations and other facilities.

Coupler system apparatus ventilated facade

Ventilated facade consists of the following layers:

• framing subsystem;
• insulating layer;
• circulation gap;
• decorative outer shell.

Frame subsystem for the ventilation of the facade is a bearing support for the entire decorative and protective structure. It attaches securely to the wall using special elements. The frame consists of extruded aluminum elements in the form of a carrier profiles and arms which are fixed together by means of rivets, anchor bolts for fixing to the wall and fixing elements facing. To do this, clasps can be used for porcelain, slide and ikli - for facade cassettes and rivets - for fiber cement and other options.

Guide bearing profiles are used for fixing the finishing materials. They may be T-, P-, and L-shaped, length 3-6 m, depending on the type of finishing and assembly process. The profiles are fixed to the wall with brackets. Due elements can regulate the clearance between the wall surface and the finish, which is especially important for uneven grounds. Brackets can be supporting or carrier. They should have a greater load-bearing capacity, it is necessary to be able to support the weight of the subsystem structure and cladding.

Subsystem as a single frame for further securing the lining provides a strong connection all layers facade, performing simultaneously the transfer function on the weight of the building wall cladding elements, preventing vibration.

ventilation apparatus facade: isolation and decorative layer

The insulating layer is represented multifunctional component which performs wind, steam, heat and waterproofing the outer wall surface. There can be used a number of different, or a universal material that performs multiple functions. He was selected on the basis of compliance with the requirements of thermal insulation, water resistance, fire resistance and sound insulation.

Warming ventilated facade can be performed using mineral wool, polyurethane or foam. The layer thickness should be not less than 100 mm. The insulating layer is fixed to the walls by using a mechanical bolt.

Important! For mounting of the insulating layer should not be applied adhesive, since it does not provide proper adhesion of the material with an uneven wall surface.

In the heat-insulating covering is laid vapor barrier film which protects the insulation against moisture penetration, while keeping the efficiency of evaporation of the condensate into the environment.

Circulation space gap presented between wall and decorative trim, by which normal ventilation is provided which prevents accumulation of moisture between the surfaces. Its value may be in the range 1-10 cm, which is defined by the special calculation, based on the values ​​of temperature, velocity of the air mass and the coefficient of heat exchange design.

To create a good permeability of air in the lower and upper parts are mounted facing air vents with protective holes for the entry of foreign objects into the cavity design.

Construction ventilated facade completes installing a decorative outer shell, which protects lower layers ventfasada from all kinds of mechanical damage, the negative impact of natural processes and gives the finished design presentable.

Distinctive advantages of ventilated facades

The wide popularity of ventilated facades for private homes and high-rise buildings due to a number of distinctive advantages finishes. System installation is quick and easy. Because during the work there is no wet processes, the finishing can be done at any time of the year. Protective and decorative design is mainly light weight, thereby avoiding the creation of additional load on the bearing elements of the building. ventilated facade system helps extend the maintenance period of service facilities, which on average is 50 years.

Important! If execution of the curtain wall is provided in the design phase, then it is possible to reduce the thickness of the outer walls that can simultaneously lead to an increase in the usable area of ​​internal premises, reduce costs construction.

The present composition ventfasada insulating layer, which promotes the establishment of a favorable microclimate inside the premises, improving heat and sound insulation characteristics of the load-bearing walls. It simultaneously reduces the cost of operation object in the air-conditioning, ventilation and heating. Ventilation facade provides reliable protection of metal building components from corrosion.

Other advantages and disadvantages of a ventilated facade

For the installation of ventilated facades do not need to perform special training walls. Enough to eliminate substantial surface defects repaired visible cracks. Aligning the wall is not made, since the adjustment is usually carried out at the installation stage subsystem. ventilated facade technology can be used both for newly constructed facilities, and when the reconstruction of old buildings in order to stop their further deterioration from moisture, wind loads and other negative factors.

Important! To create ventfasada apply materials having high fire safety and fire resistance that eliminates the possibility of design of ignition.

Facade not need to perform periodic maintenance, except for replacing the decorative layer as a result of mechanical damage. Finishing is easy care, involving simple purification of surface water under pressure. The variety of colors and species variants provides the ability to issue building exterior architecture in any direction.

It should be remembered that improper ventfasada mounting technology can be turned into advantages disadvantages. Errors in the installation become a cause of decrease in corrosion protection, violations of ventilation and heat resistance of the walls. Incorrectly organized subsystem may cause a whistle in strong winds.

When the work focuses on the correct attachment, strength and reliability of the fastening elements, the width of the pitch system. Technical characteristics of the building and the safety of others will depend on the selection of materials, which should correspond to the main construction parameters.

carcass material used to create a ventilated facade system

System of ventilated curtain wall to classify the type of external cladding, namely, the material that is used for finishing. The type of material depends on the way the installation work and the choice of subsystem.

As the frame is better to use the metal structure, which differ reliability, strength and durability. Here, galvanized, aluminum and steel subsystem can be used. The first embodiment is an embodiment of an optimum combination of functionality and accessible cost.

Aluminum profile for ventilated façade is characterized by a high cost but has some distinctive advantages during installation, which is possible thanks to the low weight design which possesses anticorrosive properties.

Important! Mounting frame is carried out by means of brackets with oval holes that act as a compensator for making the system during the course of thermal expansion of the metal.

stainless steel subsystem has good durability and resistance to corrosion. It is characterized by ease of installation and low cost in comparison with other metal analogs. The system is mounted in a fixed manner.

For the arrangement of ventilated facades for wooden houses is mainly used subsystem that different strength, durability, environmental friendliness, low thermal conductivity, ease of installation and aesthetic appeal. However, the material is exposed to moisture and fire. To exclude these impacts need to provide additional protection of the structure.

Related article:

Paving tiles for the facade: the universal finishing material

The main advantages and disadvantages of the product. Rules for the choice of material. Application. Thermal panels and panels with ceramic tiles without insulation.

Subsystem to the wall can be mounted horizontally, vertically or horizontally, vertical manner. The second option is the most efficient, since it contributes to a natural circulation of air in the ventilation gap is less metal.

Features of the design of ventilation facade

Designing of the ventilating facade is carried out taking into account the planning of the construction, layout and design features. Development of the project is best left to professionals that will guarantee durability and an attractive appearance of the building façade.

Working draft ventilated facade must include indicators of the static strength of the system, the calculation processing characteristics facade finishing circuit arrangement elements drawings Installation subsystem attachment of facade structures nodes, the number of frame members, insulation and a finishing material, an explanatory note, which describes the performance of the technology works.

One of the most important stages of the design is a calculation of ventilated facade on the meaning of static loads, which is performed on the basis of SNiP in the two approaches. The first involves the use of line-spectral method, and the second - the calculation of the construction moisture.

Weight loads are one of the major species which differ one fabric and tall buildings. Wind loads are dependent on environmental features, the height of buildings and wind region areas. Their calculation is performed on the basis of SNiP "Loads and effects." Ice load refers to a short-term phenomenon, but it should not be neglected, as it may exceed the weight of the lining.

Varieties of ventilated curtain wall systems

As the finishing materials, natural stone can be used for ventilated facades, ceramic, fiber cement, Perforated metal tape, glass panels, clinker brick, Rock-panel, HPL-panel volume terracotta ceramics. Selection is determined by the technical installation conditions, financial opportunities and aesthetic requirements.

Very popular is the ventilated facade of granite. This artificial stone which is obtained from a special mixture by compression and subsequent sintering. The material has the strength, durability, wear resistance, cold resistance, fire safety, environmental friendliness, resistance to temperature, chemical environment, adverse effects of sunlight, which does not affect the brightness pristine material.

Gres has good sound and heat insulating properties. The material is not subject to decay and mold and mildew. He is undemanding in care. Ceramic granite is the ideal solution for residential, industrial and office buildings. The material is presented in a wide variety of colors and tile sizes, so you can create an attractive facade in a short period of time. Tiles can be brushed, polished, satin or structured.

When choosing a product dimensions for cladding ventilated facade of the building is important to consider some of the features of the material. The larger the size of the product are, the harder they are assembling. Too small elements may create an effect in the cell sheet. The tiles must be the same size, otherwise it will be difficult to perform the calculation of the required amount and carry out installation guide.

An important disadvantage of granite is its considerable weight, which creates an additional burden on the supporting elements of the building. The material also has a high cost, which is compensated for durable operation of the facade.

Useful advice! The most convenient size for stoneware tiles facade are dimensions 60x60 cm (with a minimum thickness).

Installation of ventilated facades of granite

Porcelain tiles can be fixed open or closed manner. For the first embodiment are used clasps, which remain visible after mounting is completed. The first step is mounted lower anchorages, which is placed cooker. Next, attach the two top clasp. Each element has two lugs which hold a pair of adjacent tiles.

The second method is more complicated and expensive, but such fasteners is inconspicuous. It is possible to use a combined embodiment in which the clasps are located at a certain height, allowing imperceptible eye. In Moscow, a ventilated façade is installed it is often this method.

Concealed fixing is carried out in two stages. Each tile in its side portion slots executed pointwise or over the entire length. The holes need to insert latches, which are fixed to the profile by means of rivets or bolts.

Layout tile elements relative to the facade may be strict, lax, mixed or made with trimming corners. In the first case all seams facing material disposed on one line with the facade elements. The second option involves vertical or horizontal coincidence. Price ventilated facades of granite will be 3.2-3.5 thousand on average. rub. per sq. m, depending on the installation options.

Fiber cement and aluminum plates for finishing ventilated facades

Another popular material for ventilated façade is a fiber cement which contains the slabs of special cement and fiber component. The latter provides the elasticity of the product, while increasing its resistance to adverse mechanical effects. Fiber cement plate features an attractive appearance which is maintained in pristine condition for many years. The material is characterized by good thermal and sound insulation. It has a low cost.

Fiber cement boards differ flame resistance, heat resistance, resistance to biological, mechanical and chemical adverse influences. The material is presented in a wide variety of colors and shades that allows you to create unique presentable facade. There are also options that simulate any material.

lack of options for assembly work can be extracted from the disadvantages of this method of facing. There is a unique method that requires the location of the elements from the outside. Price for m² ventilated facade will be 3.5 thousand on average. rub.

Composite aluminum plates are a product cassette, consisting of two metal sheets, between which a polymeric layer is disposed. Fixing material is carried in a special way with binding arrangement interpanel joints, that provides protection from moisture. Ventilated façade of the composite panel characterized by strength, durability and resistance to adverse environmental influences.

Panels are presented in a wide variety. They are characterized by thick tapes, manufacture and the degree of fire resistance quality, which directly affects the lining of the cost. Price ventilated facade of aluminum composite panels is about four thousand. rub. 1Q. m.

Useful advice! Aluminum composite panels are flexible, therefore they can be used for cladding facades complex architectural shapes.

ventilated facade system of metal cassettes

Another popular type of ventilated facades are metal tapes, which are made of galvanized steel products which are colored zinc coating. Painted cassettes in the factory, which provides a solid foundation that is resistant to the adverse impacts of precipitation and mechanical damage. Elements have rounded corners. They can be rectangular, trapezoidal, U-shaped or triangular in shape.

Useful advice! The most presentable buildings can be obtained using metallokasset in copper or brass color.

Such decoration exhibits resistance to thermal, mechanical and negative natural influences, over a long period of operation is able to keep pristine attractive view. The material is capable of self-cleaning. During precipitation dust and dirt that has accumulated on the surface finishes, easy to rinse. Metallokassety are lightweight, have a positive effect on the price of a ventilated facade installation.

Metallokassety facade perforated release, volume, or multicolored. The first embodiment may be equipped with an internal LED illumination for creating unique facades. Volume elements can give the building a futuristic look. They are pointed, wavy, conical or in the form of a honeycomb. Metallokassety can be monotonous performance or polyester coating, which creates the effect of metallic or chameleon.

Metal panels are mounted by open or hidden way. In the first case, each cassette is fixed with screws separately. The panels are fixed on the vertical frame, lapped. Flush mounting is used for thin tapes. Their upper part is fixed to the sheathing and the lower edge of the snap element in the lower row. Such cassettes are equipped with one limb disposed at the top, which serves as a junction with an adjacent panel. Price ventilated facade of metallokasset be 3,8-4 thousand on average. rub. behind m².

Facing a ventilated facade using the NPL-panels

A novelty in the domestic market are NPL-panels which have high performance, light weight, and are characterized by an attractive appearance. For the production of multilayer paper material used and the wood fiber. The moldable mixture introduced thermosetting resins which impart solidity of the finished product, without the risk of delamination.

To protect the panel ventilated facade from burning in the sun and wear as a result of wind effects elements coated with a special acrylic paint. The thickness of the product is 0.5-25 mm.

Important! Composite panels can be used not only on the walls but also when facing the ceiling structure.

NPL panels have high soundproofing and insulating properties, a large variety of color. The material has self-cleaning properties, so it can be safely used for finishing of multistory buildings. Housing facade panels have increased strength, resistance to mechanical stress, moisture resistance, resistance to aggressive media. Due to the high density of the material dust and dirt can not enter into the structure of the product, without the risk of microbial origin.

The process of installation of panels is simple and not labor. The main drawback is the high price of the form of a ventilated facade, where NPL panels are used, which is 6 thousand. rub. behind m².

The panels may be secured visible manner by rivets and latent embodiment where the anchors are used Keil collet-type or flush-mounting Duro PT.

What are the facades of ceramic materials

Widely used for ventilated façade systems terracotta bulk ceramics, for the manufacture of a calcined clay used in different colors, depending on the location, and the result of mixing the components roasting method. The manufacturing process takes place about 10 hours at a temperature of 100 ° C, which contributes to a highly durable ceramic facade, which retains the natural texture. Such liner is environmentally clean, flame-proof and resistant to temperature changes, humidity and mechanical influences.

Tile further covered with a composition which provides the material with increased strength. Moreover, such impregnation protects the product from the destructive action of microorganisms. Price for work m² ventilated facade is 4.5-5 thousand on average. rub.

Another material for producing a ventilated facade clinker bricks that are made from clay, quartz, mica, iron oxide and kaolin. The material is characterized by high strength, durability, resistance to moisture, chemicals and ultraviolet, frost resistance, environmental friendliness and high cost. Such a brick from the back side has grooves, by which it is fixed to a profile having ridges. Clinker, entering into engagement, sits on a ventilated facade.

The disadvantages clinker brick facade can be attributed to considerable weight, which increases the load on the bearing elements of the building and makes it necessary to use reliable anchors for fastening profiles. The material has a small size, which is equal 150h300 mm. This makes the product installation more difficult and time-consuming, which significantly increases the price of the device of ventilated facades, which is 4 thousand. rub. behind m².

Other options facing materials for ventilated facade

Often, the regeneration ventilated façade systems use natural stone, which is characterized by high technical and operational characteristics. To the main disadvantages of the material should include a significant weight and high cost of installing a ventilated facade constituting 6.5-7 thousand. rub. behind m².

As used artificial analogue agglomerate tile which is made of cement and rock dust. The advantages include high material strength, durability, fire resistance and the exact geometrical shape of the elements.

Important! Finishes of natural or artificial stone in need of regeneration of the robust and reliable subsystem of stainless steel.

As for the facade panels can be used at home shockproof, heat-resistant, bullet-proof glass with an additional reinforcement using aluminum panels which are painted in any color. Such panels are colored, transparent, semi-specular, laminated, or have other special features. The glass may be coated vitreous, which enables a coating with simulated stone, wood or decorative motif.

The material is characterized by durability, reliability, durability. He is able to give the facade of the building an unusual aesthetic appearance, allowing you to embody bold design ideas. Notwithstanding the good technical properties and performance, high cost of material is different, which is 5.5-6 thousand. rub. behind m²And the complexity of the installation work.

ventilation facade assembly technology

The first stage of his hands ventilated facade surfaces should be to partition on the basis of a project or scheme. On the horizontal and vertical lines are exposed beacons, with which you can adjust the rough sections of the wall. Then, assembling is carried out by using supporting profiles with fixing brackets to the wall by means of anchor bolts. For this pre-prepared holes for dowels.

Important! To connect the pads are applied paronitovye.

After mounting brackets profiles and proceed to the arrangement of the heat-insulating layer. If two or more materials, the first stacked one that has a lower density and a loose structure, and top - denser plate. Insulation is fixed by means of special anchors with heads in five places. On top of the vapor barrier is laid insulation film that will protect the insulating layer from moisture and be more windscreen building.

Next performed assembling the decorative layer, which may be made open or closed method. For the first embodiment are used clasps and rivets for fixation of the fabric, and the second - secret clips, clasps and pins. The cost of a ventilated facade depends on the type of decorative finish.

Ventilated facade is a modern solution for cladding buildings. It protects the building from negative influence of the environment. Moreover, such a finish is presentable decorative shell structures of any type as clearly shown in the photo of ventilated facades.