Stucco molding made of gypsum: originality, luxury and elegance in the interior

Stucco molding made of gypsum is always in fashion, and its application in the decoration will make the interior unique. Even in small amounts, if he skillfully made and properly used, such exquisite decor will complement and emphasize the dignity of profitable facilities. In addition, the moldings will help visually adjust the space and cover a variety of bumps on the surface of the ceiling and walls.

Decoration of plaster: positive and negative characteristics

The use of stucco decoration of gypsum as a finishing material in a house or apartment will give environment originality, elegance and luxury. Stucco will create unusual visual effects like volume recesses in the walls or ceiling of infinite extent. If errors are present in the finish, it closes the gap junctions and complement lines of various compounds surfaces and materials, hide processing equipment and communication pipes, electrical wiring, vents.

Also, as the positive qualities of gypsum decoration should be noted:

• clear and perfect relief facets;
• environmental security;
• fire resistance;
• resistance to temperature extremes;
• hygroscopic;
• long service life;
• maintainability;
• ease of processing and staining.

Gypsum product is off, does not crack from heat and cold, and sends a freely absorbs moisture, is centuries, is easily restored if damaged. Given these qualities, you can also safely use stucco plaster for finishing not only indoors, but also on the facades.

Deficiencies are not as much as the benefits, but they need to know:

• vulnerability to mechanical damage;
• the complexity of installation;
• hygroscopic;
• high price.

Gypsum - no building material, and finishing, so its durability is not comparable to the strength of the brick, concrete or the mounting solution. Products made of gypsum are more vulnerable to damage. However, as decorative elements, they are not designed for heavy loads. In this installation, a decent view of the weight of prefabricated elements, is sometimes difficult, particularly when mounted in the ceiling. This job requires certain skills and equipment.

Hygroscopicity - one of the most important positive characteristics of gypsum products, at the same time it can be a disadvantage (conditional). Gypsum can not be used in rooms with excessive humidity without the use of hydrophobic - moisture barrier coating composition. High cost, a fault is also conditional factor. Show imagination and creativity, it is possible to produce small molded parts made from plaster with your hands.

Types of plaster products and their purpose in the interior

History of the plaster stucco is rooted in the days of Rome and ancient Greece. This type of decoration is considered one of the oldest, found application in different periods throughout history. A complete picture of the moldings can be obtained by using it as a designer, combining various parts and elements. It is noted that seamless connectivity is one of the key positive aspects.

What can be made of plaster? The main elements of the stucco decoration are:

• ceiling cornice - is used for closing and decoration of places of contiguity ceiling to the walls;
• molding - decorative insert for closing gaps or separation of finishing materials;
• socket - an opening disguises itself, mounting fasteners, and the space for supplying electrical connections;
• bas-relief - convex image, protruding slightly above the plane of the background;
• Bracket - an element for fixing to walls and columns of whole objects or parts thereof;
• Column - detail architectural decoration, which may also provide support of the ceiling;
• niche - different shaped indentation in the wall that serves as a decorative element or a location for the shelf or shelves of the cabinet.

modern molding more enhanced by the performance, and the process of its creation has been very little in common with the process of modeling the ancient architects. However, grandeur and overall visual effect if at least naturalistic. To increase the uniqueness of decorative products can produce them from plaster yourself. For this we need only to buy a special form and a dry plaster mixture. How to make a form of plaster with your hands in the home workshop, it will be discussed later in the article.

Useful advice!Production and installation of gypsum elements are best performed, guided by special technology and not the advice of friends and acquaintances. This will ensure that the product will not be destroyed after a while.

Depending on the complexity of the decorative element may be used various techniques: casting with wire or pouring into the mold, molding. All of these methods it is possible to learn and successfully used both at home and for business purposes. So, consider what can be done in plaster with your hands, using various methods of modeling decoration.

Manufacturing technology gladkotyanutyh plaster cornices

Most often, to create original forms of the ceiling cornice of plaster molding is used with wire, which is also suitable for mass production. The main difference of this method from the classical molding in the shape of a surface profiling by means of rolling metallic template.

Pattern which is made of sheet metal (tin). Scissors, metal and other auxiliary tools to cut a hole in the shape of the profile of the future eaves. Grit material profile section is brought to the final operating condition. Ready template is secured in a wooden snap, which can move along the guide rails.

The working surface is lubricated composition promotes easy slip template and allows to remove the finished product without the effort. The basis of the lubricating composition generally is a mixture of kerosene stearin, but their absence is also possible to use engine oil or vegetable oil. The gypsum mortar is applied onto the working surface in the direction of the pattern movement. Composition chosen empirically. In practice, to obtain a liquid plaster solution to 1 liter of water 1 kg of gypsum was added to medium density - 1.5 kg, and for thick - 2 kg.

Then, refolded and thickened to the consistency of sour cream gypsum slurry to obtain the profile of the future product slowly and smoothly moves template. This is repeated several times until a complete profile of the plaster cornice. After hardening plaster solution slightly increase in volume. Therefore, you must additionally produce a near-final broach to cut surpluses. Final same broaching with a small amount of liquid solution finally form a perfectly smooth and flat surface.

The same technology can produce the molding. Such insert may be used in combination with or instead of the cornice. Usually installed before finishing rather than after it.

for the manufacture of gypsum sockets Technology and Materials

Outlets of gypsum as decorative elements in place of the ceiling opening of the central suspension chandeliers distinct look in different styles and can be applied for the decoration side lighting. In this case, the molding into shape. manufacturing technology consists of several stages.

The first step is carried out model of affordable material: cement mortar, clay, wood, clay, stone, etc... The model can also serve as a ready product factory. Then he removed a mold (shape) - a kind of "negative" of the future product. With this form is performed required amount of plaster casts.

Common basis for the manufacture of all types of products is a high-strength plaster finely ground, for example, GVVS-16. Like any other material, gypsum has its own characteristics - fast setting with low heat and increase in volume. To enhance the strength of a plaster casts "dough" can be made of aqueous emulsions of synthetic resins and other materials.

Useful advice!Gypsum solution should be used immediately after preparation, since it preserves the fluidity of only 2-3 minutes, and plasticity - 6-8 minutes. For retardation as an additive can be used hide glue or vinegar. Astringent properties of set gypsum mortar can not be restored with water.

The socket consists of two parts - the base and decorative elements on its surface. It is therefore possible to use as a casting method in its pure form, and a combination of casting and drawing, which we reviewed a few above. You can also use broaching to create a basis for models of future products, and already the whole socket if you want to cast in the form of gypsum.

First of all, to create the basis of a working surface, as in the case of casting with wire, coated with a lubricating composition. Then, in the central axis line radiusnaja attached to hammer a nail, which is applied by the contour of the future product. Thereafter, the working surface is covered with a plaster solution and the central axis of the template is put to the base profile for the socket. The technology is similar to the previous one, but the profile does not move longitudinally and circumferentially. The technique is repeated completely.

needs to be done and to fix the decorative elements on it after manufacturing bases outlet. Their diversity may be limited only to the imagination and sense of proportion. For them, the casting method is used in the form of stucco. For the manufacture of the template does not require a highly professional equipment - enough amateur home studio.

From what and how to make a plaster mold for casting

To create a form template is required or the original product. Remarkably, all the technologies of working with plaster can be linked together to create any of the decorative elements. For example, models of decorative elements sockets and other moldings may be manufactured by molding.

When you create a form of stucco plaster used for the decorative elements, which are then attached to the substrate, as the flask is sufficient use of hard cardboard. Casting the same throughout the entire outlet is better to use plywood which will not hurt the large mass of gypsum. For fastening the walls when working with cardboard convenient to use tape and plywood required nails and screws. The slits between the walls promazyvayut clay. Flask may consist of one part or of two parts, depending on the bulk of the desired product.

The model is covered with a lubricating composition and is located in the center of the investment ring with thin struts made of plastic or extensions of the thread. The plaster solution was applied with a brush on difficult places (lines and troughs) and filled to the level of the intended joint halves flask. After gelling need to check how well the model is separated from the lower half. Then, the surface and the upper portion covered with the lubricating composition is filled in the upper half of the mold.

Useful advice! Since the production of models, preparation of forms, the process of casting and processing operations figures of plaster with your hands associated with the appearance of large amounts of dust, ventilation must be provided, as well as the required quality cleaning room. It is not necessary to do this in a residential area. Also to be avoided due to the use of open fire explosive mixture of air and dust at a certain concentration.

When completely dry, you can remove the top half of the flask and remove the template. It is useful to examine everything carefully and eliminate the disadvantages. I am now ready to form gypsum hands. Before filling the working mixture each time it is necessary to cover the inside of the lubricant, and after pouring cleaned of debris. From the first time can not be obtained. Like any other craft, manufacture of articles of plaster with your hands requires skill and experience.

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Stucco molding made of gypsum: bas-reliefs, and materials for their production

This technique is the most time-consuming way to create moldings, but also gives the results with exclusive having charm and appeal. Contrary to popular belief about the indescribable complexity and expensive, creating paintings of plaster with your hands is a very affordable way of decorating, depending only on the patience and imagination of the master. To do this, do not even have construction skills and art education.

Molding of plaster on the wall is great for implementation in the spacious living areas. In addition to traditionally used for these purposes, gypsum for modeling, modern technology allows to use also mixes with the polymer additives (in common parlance - acrylic plaster). Very popular even more refined composition - mixture of gypsum, plaster of acrylic and PVA glue.

One of the most common elements of decor, produced by a molding of plaster technology is bas-relief - convex image, sculptural relief, projecting above the plane of the background is not more than half volume. To increase the use of bronze or brass, and for the effect of antiquity - greening. Bas technologically can be formed directly on the wall or portions on the working surface, and then mounted on the wall.

Precast bas easier to do a novice master, since it is possible to work on individual elements without affecting the whole picture. And the molding of plaster on the wall does not necessarily have to be a great product or complete a bas-relief. These can be small and simple elements, e.g., of plaster or flowers framing niches as vines and vegetable patterns. This will serve as a great niche to visually increase the space.

Useful advice!Should not be placed on the weaker bas plasterboard walls or partitions of penogazobetona, since the base substrate is obliged to be stronger than the material from which the composition is made.

Modeling on the wall: the tools and the major milestones

To work with a plaster molding requires a certain set of tools. With the skill will need to use a diverse set of spatulas for modeling (palette knife), knives, brushes and confectionery syringe tips. At the initial stage it is possible to do a pair of knives, spoon and fixture of - half rubber ball (kneading mixture).

Wall necessarily must be aligned to within 2 mm / m, primed and cleaned. Followed by coating the base composition and performed background with plaster tinting bases. The application of a relief is performed by direct molding or by means of prefabricated elements. If necessary, dried relief toned and is painted with special paints. After drying become faded appearance, but the final coating styrene-butadiene latex restores their brightness.

After the preparation of the wall you want to make a sketch of future composition. This will facilitate the work as a whole and will identify problem areas on the working surface. Duplicate items can be applied by special stencils of thick paper or cardboard. Also elements of gypsum moldings are produced by molding technology, which was considered above.

Formation of the stucco bas-relief made in layers. Working mixture for a plaster molding is applied by brush and confectionery syringe, and then leveled and spatula-shaped knives. When creating color bas kneading each layer using toned pigment for plaster with decreasing concentration with increasing topography. Giving more invoices produced by the wet mixture with a brush and is brought on the dry mixture with sandpaper.

Subtleties in the manufacture and installation of gypsum stucco

When you create a bas-relief with vegetative elements of branches, depending on the thickness, it is most convenient to display the confectionery or medical syringe. Thickness, in turn, is governed by a force pressing the plunger. Billing induced brush, and bends are formed using a palette knife. Also, threads may be made of twine, soaked in a thick working solution, and then dried on the working surface. Finished products then are attached to the supporting wall.

To create a bas-relief with round shapes (high relief) is often used wire frame or a fine metal mesh. To perform high flower reliefs applied method of so-called free gypsum. The basis for this are artificial flowers or disposable wipes. Some times they are dipped into a liquid working solution and dried in the same position, which will be located in the final composition. The actions are repeated to create a plaster layer (photos clearly show this) 1-1.5 mm.

Useful advice! Fixing the bas-reliefs on the wall is best done with a grooved nails bitten hat, driven into the plastic anchors. Depending on massiveness bas or its components, used nails of different lengths and thicknesses. The connection is made to the highest elevation of the relief, but not less than 1-1.5 cm.

So, decorate the walls with stucco plaster with your hands - not so and difficult undertaking. Succeed in this fantasy help, diligence and application of the recommendations in this article.