Warming of foundation of the house from the outside: the best way to protect the foundation

Thermal protection - an important task to be performed, in order to reliably protect the box from the negative effects of atmospheric forces, and to create a favorable microclimate inside the house. Warming of foundation of the house from the outside are mostly carried out by means of polystyrene or other insulation. Sometimes for better protection applies a combination of technologies. In choosing the material it is important to take into account all environmental conditions.

Why carry out insulation of the foundation plinth outside

Basement and foundation are considered the most vulnerable parts of any building, because it is on these structures lies the greatest load, which have a load-bearing walls and ceilings. Due to the fact that this part of the house is under the ground, it is constantly exposed to humidity and frost.

Useful advice! Insulation of the foundation and the blind area - a challenge aimed at maximizing the strength and durability of structures, from which in the end and the service life of the building itself depends.

Cap - the continuation of the foundation, towering above the ground, which then passes into the outer walls of the building. In other words, this part of the structure is a foundation connecting member and bearing walls, starting from the floor level on the first floor. That cap protects the building from moisture and cold, as well as thanks to the basement house has a more attractive appearance.

First of all, it should be noted that the heaters should provide comprehensive thermal insulation as a basement wall (base), and the blind area around the building. Otherwise, talk about the effectiveness of such measures will be wrong. Theoretically it is possible to carry out the basement insulation inside and outside, but the performance of each process is different.

Internal waterproofing and insulation of the foundation will help insulate the room from the cold penetration, but in this in case the condensate will accumulate space between the wall and the insulation, the damaging effects on walls. In addition, during the insulation of the foundation plinth inside the house will not be sheltered from frost. As a result, this may cause cracks and their slow expansion, which eventually will cause reduction of the strength characteristics of the building.

Warming the outside to protect the foundation from frost basement and the material from which the cap. Also shifted and dew point in the direction of an insulating material which is considered to be more resistant to moisture and low temperatures, than the plinth. The result of the work becomes a warm cellar and a longer period of operation of the structure. Perform such work better during the construction phase. If you do it after the construction is complete, perform the task will be much harder.

Before you insulate the foundation of the house, you need to read the terms when carrying out the work may not be necessary. For example, if it is a small country house, designed for summer use only, you can skip this stage of construction. Other situations when it is possible to neglect the implementation of exteriors and limited only to the floor insulation:

• at a low basement - up to 0.5 m;
• It is not always necessary to carry out insulation melkozaglublennogo foundation;
• if the building is located in a favorable climatic conditions, lack of harsh winters.

Warming of foundation of the house from the outside: the main advantages

Massive concrete foundation without thermal insulation from the outside will always be a powerful battery cooling in the winter, so that the cold will spread to adjacent building structure. It is obvious that the level of the floor in the rooms on the ground floor is usually located above the basement and the walls and ceilings have their own isolation. However, such proximity always leads to excessive heat loss and hence to additional energy costs used for heating. Experience shows that the optimum material for the thermal insulation cap provides a foundation to 20-25% of the heat economy, regardless of other conditions.

The first important argument in favor of the insulation of the house foundation is to prevent heat loss from the building. High-quality insulation of basement walls and blind area around the house significantly reduces (to near 0 ° C) the effects of the winter swelling soil. The reason is simple: near the basement and the soil under the house just does not freeze.

All regions have their own indicators of depth of soil freezing, which depend on the climatic characteristics. Below this limit temperature is maintained relatively constant due to the constant flow of geothermal heat from below. If you do not perform insulation of the foundation of a house foundation walls are not able to stop the spread of soil freezing. As a result of freezes is not only the upper part of the foundation, but also a strip of land along the inside of the belt.

Important! After the foundation of the house is insulated, freezing zone does not reach the ground or the base of the walls that will protect them from premature degradation.

All quality of the concrete bases characterized by a certain hardiness. For example, a properly prepared cement mortar M300 is usually frost resistance F200, that is, it can withstand up to 200 cycles of freezing and thawing without losing their core characteristics. However, we should not think that one cycle is equal to one year. Several dozen of these cycles can occur in a single season, given the unstable autumn or spring weather. And this, in turn, means that it is best to take measures to avoid effects on the basis of temperature changes, that is to insulate the house foundation.

The performing finishing the basement of a private house

If the insulation is made, the freezing zone does not penetrate into the house and does not reach the wall of the foundation. And it immediately gives a lot of advantages. The whole height of the tape base - from the base to the top of the basement - would be approximately the same temperature conditions. This means that the concrete structure is not strong internal stresses which often cause significant thermal disturbances. Lack of insulation tape base becomes one of the reasons for the rapid depreciation of the building.

The warm foundation? More recently, for insulating the cap was a mixture of clay and straw, but over the past few decades, technology has improved. It was developed a large number of new thermal insulation materials, which are characterized by a convenient form, and ease of installation. All modern materials must meet the following requirements:

1. Low thermal conductivity. The lower the thermal conductivity, the better heat-insulating properties will be different building material.
2. The low level of water absorption. Insulation, subject to absorption of moisture, it does not fulfill the requirements imposed on him and lose their consumer qualities. This is particularly dangerous if the material absorbs moisture during the winter, when freezing water gives the structure of the sheet.
3. High compressive strength. The soil provides a substrate great pressure that insulation must endure without change of properties.
4. Resistance to the impact of harmful microorganisms. Material susceptible breeding of fungus, mildew, quickly come into disrepair. Also, the insulation sheets should be subjected and exposed to rodents.

Price warming foundation will depend on the operating conditions, on whether the work carried out during construction or at the stage of completion. The value also influences the type of material used and, where the main ones are:

• sprayed insulation - polyurethane foam;
• insulating sheets - foam penoplex, mineral wool, extruded polystyrene;
• concrete block - inexpensive, bulk type of insulation;
• thermopanels - consist of three layers including finishing, which uses plaster or wall tiles;
• Warm plaster;
• priming.

Thermal insulation of expanded polystyrene foundation of the house from the outside

Warming of foundation foam among builders is considered one of the most popular methods, which prevents freezing of the ground. Obkladyvayutsya basement and foundation slabs of expanded polystyrene, which are characterized by high density, thickness thus should not be less than 5 cm. The main advantages of expanded polystyrene thermal insulation foundation stand out:

• high insulation quality and the optimum coefficient of thermal conductivity;
• inability to absorb moisture or to collapse under the action of water due to the closed cellular structure;
• long service life - over 50 years;
• good sound and sound insulation properties;
• resistance to ignition by applying flame retardants;
• inability to mold or fungus reproduction;
• simple and quick installation of sheets, easy handling and the possibility of self-fixing without using any special tools;
• low cost of the material and its installation.

If we talk about the foam, it is worth noting that it has a significant drawback - the instability before the rodents, which can damage the sheets. Disadvantages also include a large number of joints between the sheets. Slightly less negative characteristics has extruded polystyrene (penoplex), wherein a smaller thickness, but higher density.

Insulation of the foundation and the blind area outside the house polystyrene perform better than usual foam, due to the hinge joint system, providing a more dense arrangement of sheets for each other. In addition, the material is characteristic of less brittleness, it does not crumble when cut and can withstand heavy loads.

Useful advice!Thermal insulation of a house foundation outside Penoplex provides a thin layer of thermal insulation without worsening the ability to retain heat. This gives an opportunity not so much to deepen the window openings, allowing more sunlight to penetrate.

Extruded polystyrene boards have many different advantages including ease, high resistance heat transfer, ease of handling and installation (including through the clear geometric forms of panels) environmental friendliness, durability and a lot others.

At warming your hands outside the house foundation Penoplex fairly easy to calculate the required amount material, especially if there is a plan of the building with the parameters necessary for the vertical and horizontal base isolation. The calculation is typically based on the standard sizes Penoplex plates (1200 × 600 mm) and a thickness in the range of insulation «Penoplex F» panels designed specifically for bases (in ml):

• 20;
• 40;
• 50;
• 60;
• 80;
• 100.

What is polyurethane foam as it is insulated foundation

Warming his hands the foundations already built home has recently become popular to perform in using foamed polyurethane, characterized by excellent consumer qualities. The only drawback is considered to be the need for application use a special installation in wherein mixing occurs under the pressure of the polyol and isocyanate, after which begins the synthesis of polymer. During the reaction carbon dioxide is formed, which creates separate from each other bubbles. Spraying is carried out with a thin layer on a pre-cleaned and prepared socket.

Before you insulate the foundation, it is recommended to get acquainted with positive and negative qualities of the material:

1. Excellent thermal insulation properties, which are enhanced by the presence of carbon dioxide bubbles gas, because the thermal conductivity coefficient of the foamed polyurethane is somewhat lower than that of air.
2. Resistant to mold and fungus reproduction.
3. The continuity of the deposited layer, without gaps, joints, cracks or joints.
4. A small weight, which allows the use of a solution in homes with any type of foundation. In this case, high strength, stiffness and elasticity.
5. Easy repair. If the damage from an area it is easy to clean and fill a new polymer portion.
6. Fast application. Spray insulation is carried out for no longer than one day.

In addition to the need for special tools for applying, to the disadvantage is the high cost of the material and the impossibility of self-execution.

As used mineral wool and warm plaster for thermal insulation of the basement

Under mineral wool is understood as a series of building materials, but for insulation of the plinth or foundation is used most often basalt wool. The starting raw materials are rocks, from which during heating and melting the thin filaments are drawn, serving as the basis of a heater. Produced material in rolls or plates. The use of coiled mineral wool allows eventually receive a minimum number of seams, but wherein the plates are characterized by high strength. The main advantages of application of the material:

• optimum thermal conductivity provided by the presence of the fibrous structure;
• good sound insulation;
• low susceptibility to burning, because the base are mineral substances;
• high levels of water vapor permeability;
• increased strength and resistance to mechanical damage;
• nonsusceptibility mold, fungi and rodents exposed.

Using mineral wool, you can quickly and easily perform their own hands insulation foundation of the house outside. Despite the fact that many manufacturers say the material's ability to pass water and does not absorb moisture, it is not so. mostly sheets can accumulate moisture, the insulation properties are significantly reduced. To avoid such a situation, some manufacturers add certain material hydrophobic substances, but even in this case it is necessary to perform a reliable waterproofing, which would entail additional costs for mounting.

Related article:

Winterizing facade of the house from the outside: the best way to improve indoor climate

The main advantages. The main types of materials used, their brief characteristics, pros and cons. stacking technology.

To warm the plaster carry dry adhesive mixtures which are not similar to the lining material. Most often in the heater includes sawdust, vermiculite and polystyrene. The main advantage of the application is considered to be a monolithic structure thermal insulator, as well as easy installation. Apply plaster allowed to warm immediately after preliminary drying precoat layer. If you do not need two coats, then you can perform the installation without reinforcing mesh, which significantly reduces the cost of operation. Among the shortcomings highlighted:

• a high level of water absorption, which is why you want to conduct a waterproofing;
• small layer deposition, which can not always ensure the proper level of insulation;
• after applying a great weight;
• necessity coating topcoat.

Using the foundation of expanded clay for insulation and thermal panels

Expanded clay lightweight material is considered to be having a lot of kibbles. Foundation insulation of fusible clay, which swells and tempered in a tumble environment. LECA is a safe and environmentally friendly material, wherein the lowest cost. Suitable for thermal insulation of the foundation of a wooden house, which is not intended for living people. The main advantages of acquisition:

• good noise and heat insulation, provided through the porous structure;
• little weight;
• good frost resistance and fire resistance.

The main disadvantage of using - the ability to absorb moisture, which is unacceptable in a base or foundation. In order to solve this problem, use a good waterproofing, be sure to settling drainage by digging deeper into the pit of the basement, the bottom of which is laid geotextile. Over it is poured rubble average value, is installed a pipe with openings through which moisture is discharged.

Then the layers of gravel and geotextile go again, then all filled with sand. After the preparatory work on the foundation depth of the wooden formwork is mounted and roofing felt is laid so as to cover the walls and buildings, and the ditch wall, the seams glued. The formwork is filled with concrete block inhomogeneous fractions after filling it is closed by a cover, which is mounted at an angle of 45 °. This is done in order to protect the basement from precipitation, including dew.

The basis of thermal panels is rigid polyurethane foam, the positive properties of which do not differ from Penoplex. The main advantage of using the - presence decorative top shell, which may simulate any material. For the basement and ground floor is mostly used imitation stone, brick or tile. The cost of this foundation insulation material ranges from 2 thousand. rubles per m², but due to the fact that the panels are ready to use, stick them succeed on their own. Other positive qualities:

• resistance to moisture and good thermal insulation;
• attractive appearance;
• no likelihood of mold.

In addition to high cost, the disadvantages include the need to use high-quality and expensive adhesive agent, as well as compliance with particular care glueing. For gluing the panels also need to be perfectly flat cap, or have further mounted crate, but the result will be effectively protected socket.

Helpful information!In some cases the sacrificial material is used for insulation of ordinary sand or soil, which is filled up to the cap floor height on the ground floor. However, you have to make ventilation holes above the ground level, and install windows will not work at all.

Features thermal insulation of the pile foundation and slab foundation tape

Insulation of the foundation plate technology resembles the performance of thermal insulation of concrete floor on the ground. To do this, first of all compacted soil, on top of which is laid geomembrane, which protects the foundation from the capillary rise of groundwater. Further, such layers are:

• Crushed stone, sand bags, which increases the bearing capacity of the soil and properly distribute the load;
• roll waterproofing;
• insulation, is most often used polystyrene or penoplex.

For insulating tape basement there is a wide range of technologies. Along with the insulation on the outside of the foundation technique used Penoplex permanent formwork, spray coating or finishing heater expanded clay. Mineral wool in this case is rarely used because of its ability to absorb moisture.

If you choose the method of permanent shuttering, it should be planned at the construction stage, because insulating materials used for thermal insulation of the foundation is an integral part design.

It is interesting! When the permanent formwork simultaneously solve two issues - insulation of the foundation, both outside and inside.

Formwork is made of various materials, but most often occurs outside of the foundation plinth insulation Penoplex or polystyrene. Before starting the work required of the compacted soil to perform a recess for the blind area, which then in turn be filled with materials:

• gravel;
• sand;
• waterproofing;
• insulation;
• formwork;
• the reinforcing layer;
• concrete.

Equally important is the isolation of the base from the piles or pillars. Of course, if properly designed foundation of this type it is no longer threatened by forces that cause freezing, or the devastating effects of soil moisture. However, there are a number of other equally important issues that can be solved only by creating a thermal insulation.

Concrete piles pole-grid or require insulation, which should not be less than the base band. It is important to understand that the piles are often associated with monolithic reinforced concrete bars that without proper isolation becomes a powerful cooling element. A characteristic feature of foundations on piles is a clearance between the ground and the ceiling of the first floor, where usually laid utilities.

Warming-screw pile foundation of wooden houses often accompanied by a decorative finish this part of the facade. In any case, the space between the house and the ground surface will be closed on all sides and do not become a place of accumulation of dirt or debris. Events on warming-screw pile foundation is necessary to ensure a comfortable stay, extend the life of the building and improve the appearance of the building.

foundation insulation technology Penoplex

This technology can be used in already finished basement, so it can be carried out during the construction phase and during repairs. If you do the work after the construction of the building, you will need to dig out and completely clear basis. After that is required to create a reliable waterproofing using bituminous primer, which is then mounted from the bottom up strip roll materials stacked overlapped.

After performing the waterproofing continues setting insulating materials. At warming your hands Penoplex basement waterproofing coating, can be used a variety of methods and materials. It is best to buy a special adhesive for thermal insulation works. Extruded polystyrene foam sheet well retained on a vertical surface.

Important!The work always starts from below - from the foundation base. If the shape of the base complex, that is, there are several transitions from vertical to horizontal, it is advisable to repeat the whole configuration using insulation. To minimize the gaps between the material paste must be as close sheets.

To minimize the possibility of displacement of the sheets as a result of soil pressure is required to Penoplex foundation with insulation property needs fixing sheets using dowel-umbrellas. Holes are drilled for attaching the base directly via the insulating plate already mounted on the adhesive solution. The diameter and depth of the openings is directly dependent on the thickness of the insulation, the wall material and the pattern selected dowels.

Usually it is considered that the expansion of the dowels included in the foundation wall on 45-60 mm. The number of these elements on a standard plate - 5-6. After the holes are prepared, dowels are inserted into them so that the caps were based on an insulating panel, and then are driven expansion spacers (depending on the specific model fasteners). If, based on thermal calculations of the results established that requires a two-layer insulation, the second row of insulation boards mounted on the first so that the seams between the blocks shifted.

At the last stage of the work on warming cap Penoplex foundation applied adhesive solution, and then fastened reinforcing fiberglass mesh, which is then plastered and finished with the selected covering material.

Insulation of the foundation - an important task, which helps to extend the service base, respectively, and the entire building. The choice of insulation and method of work depends not only on the material from which made the foundation, but also on the environmental conditions, such as the proximity of groundwater, soil type and climate. Insulation of the foundation will only be effective if it is part of the "set" foundation insulation flush, ground perimeter of the building, the ground floor and the floor of the facade wall. There should be no gap between the components of the whole system, otherwise the heat will always come out.