Socket for hob and oven

The hob and oven are powerful consumers of electricity, for the operation of which leased lines with separate sockets of a special design should be used. We will figure out how to connect the outlet for the hob and oven yourself.

Types of hobs

There are two types of plates:

1. Dependent (bonded) surface. Its work can be controlled with the help of handles placed on an electric oven.
2. Unrelated. It receives power on a dedicated line and is controlled by its own means.

Important! A separate hob and oven cannot be connected to the same outlet. To power each of these devices, its own line is laid. In a combination product with an electric oven and an induction surface, the latter is connected to the oven terminals.

Induction cookers

Such equipment can be distinguished into a separate group not so much due to the features of its connection, but because of the unusual principle work, which is based on heating metal utensils under the action of a powerful electromagnetic field created on the surface devices. Such a field causes eddy currents to flow in the metal from which the dishes are made, which produces thermal energy.

Advantages of induction models:

1. High functioning efficiency and speed of heating dishes.
2. The included stove acts only on metal containers, while not exerting any effect on the objects of kitchen utensils located nearby.
3. The glossy work surface maintains a low temperature during cooking.

Currently, induction devices are not too common, because they have some disadvantages:

1. Inability to work with ceramic, glass or aluminum utensils (the electromagnetic field affects only ferromagnets).
2. Pretty high price for such equipment.
3. The presence of a characteristic sound during magnetization reversal of the material installed on the cooker plate.

Choosing devices to connect the panel

The power of most models of modern ovens is 3–3.5 kW. The hob consumes up to 7 kW. To connect the oven, you must use a power outlet and electric cables whose rated current is at least 16 A. More powerful models of this kitchen equipment are supplied with power sockets with a rated current of 32 A, and each of these consumers must have its own outlet.

As for the cable that connects the hob or oven to distribution panel, then at a rated current of 16 A, you should choose a copper wire with a cross section of 2.5 mm2, and at 32 A - 6 mm2. Additional conditions - incombustibility, double insulation, moisture resistance.

To facilitate the selection of the required wire core diameter, the following table can be used:

Most modern hobs come with a cord without an electric plug, it must be selected in in accordance with the installed plug connector, as well as the device connection scheme used and the voltage network.

Connection Methods

To supply power to the stove, you can use one of the following schemes:

1. Single phase. It is carried out when installing equipment in apartments where there is only a single-phase network with a voltage of 220 V.
2. A two-phase or three-phase connection used to increase power and at the same time increase the efficiency of this equipment.

It is not possible to determine in advance one of the schemes by which the connection will be made. Therefore, manufacturers do not equip the hob with a standard electric plug.

As for the less powerful consumers, which are ovens, they are designed to operate on a 220 V household electrical network. Therefore, such equipment is equipped with a standard euro plug, which provides for the presence of grounding contacts in its design. Such equipment is possible for ovens whose rated current does not exceed 16 A.

Single-phase connection of consumers is carried out using a three-core cable, which includes phase (L), neutral (N) and ground (PE) conductors. If the installation of the hob is carried out in an old building, where the wiring is laid with an aluminum cable, then the line, supplying these consumers must be replaced in order to ensure the necessary level of reliability and electrical security.

Section and wiring materials in new buildings are already designed for the operation of devices with high energy consumption.

For installing the stove with your own hands, as well as connecting especially powerful oven models use a power outlet with a rated current of 32 A, which is necessarily equipped with a grounding contact. In appearance, such a device resembles a three-phase wiring product.

Connecting the line to the electrical panel

When connecting burners or an oven to an electric panel, one line must be used for each of these devices, protected by its own automatic fuse. At the same time, for devices with a rated current of 16 A, an automatic machine at 25 A is used, and for consumers whose current strength is 32 A, at 40 A.

It is imperative to connect protective earth. In appliances such as a hob or oven, the power cable has one ground conductor, which is connected to the housing of the device and output for connection to the corresponding contact on the electrical fork. The grounding conductor has a yellow-green insulation color.

Important! Do not mix ground and neutral conductor when connecting them. One such mistake can lead to grave consequences.

It often happens that the wires removed for connecting the plate have the same insulation color or their marking does not correspond to the generally accepted one. When connecting such a consumer with your own hands, be sure to make sure that all the leads are connected correctly.

If the phase conductor is easy to identify using an ordinary indicator screwdriver, it is often much more difficult to distinguish the neutral wire from the ground wire. For these purposes, a tester is used.

Determination of phase, neutral and ground wires can be performed according to the following algorithm:

1. At the installation site of the electrical outlet, which is designed to power the burners of the stove or oven, the phase is determined using an indicator screwdriver. It must be signed or marked with a piece of electrical tape.
2. On the electrical panel to which the outlet is connected, the purpose of each cable leaving to the consumer is determined. Identifying the phase and neutral wires is quite easy with an indicator screwdriver. As for the grounding cable, it is connected to the metal casing of the electrical panel or to a special terminal block.
3. Zero and phase wires are disconnected from the input automaton and connected to each other.
4. On the consumer side, a tester measures the resistance between the phase and the remaining two wires. The level corresponding to the minimum value will indicate a zero cable.
5. After all the ends of the wires are identified and signed, the installation of the outlet and the connection of the cable to the automatic fuse are performed.

Direct connection

One of the options for installing the stove is a direct connection of the power supply wire to the terminal block of this equipment. In this case, the outlet is not used at all. Such a connection is considered the most reliable, but it can cause a number of inconveniences when operating the hob. To disconnect it from the mains, you will only have to use full-time control. In case of failure of the keypad on the device, it will be difficult to de-energize it.

Performance of work

The procedure for powering the hob or oven with your own hands can be as follows:

• The cross-section of the electric cable is selected, with which this equipment will be connected, as well as the rated current of the circuit breaker and socket. If the power line has already been laid, then it is necessary to evaluate its capabilities depending on the power of the connected equipment. If these parameters do not match, you will have to lay another line using a more powerful cable.
• Based on the operating instructions for the hob and taking into account the characteristics of the home electrical system, you need to choose a one-, two- or three-phase connection. To find out how to connect the hob to the network, as well as its nominal parameters, you should use the instruction manual. In addition, in most models of such equipment there is a simple electrical circuit that is applied to the device’s body directly near the terminal block.

• A cable is laid to the distribution panel. The hob or oven must be connected using a residual current device. The presence of an RCD will help in time to identify possible damage to the insulation and prevent the consequences of a phase short to ground.
• The electric plug is installed in accordance with the marking of the wires. The grounding contact always differs from phase and zero. It may have a different shape, size or location.
• A power outlet is installed. In most cases, hidden type wiring is used, providing for preliminary gating of the walls, as well as the manufacture of a niche intended for installation of the mounting box.

Note! The socket is installed at a height of at least 30 cm from the floor surface.

• The cable is connected to the electrical panel using a circuit breaker and an RCD (as an alternative to these two devices, a differential machine can be used).

Feeding powerful household consumers with their own hands is, although not a difficult, but a very responsible task. For its implementation, you must carefully adhere to the recommendations of the equipment manufacturers, as well as comply with safety regulations when working with elements of the electrical network. The whole process demonstrates the video below.