Solvent - 3 groups compositions and their description

From all variety of compositions to choose the one that is best suited for paint

You do not know which solvent is selected for its colors? I'll tell you about the most popular options, so you can choose the best and high quality paint any design in the house or in the garden.

The solvent allows to achieve perfect consistency

formulation types

All solvents for paints and varnishes can be divided into 3 groups:

1. The organic composition;
2. inorganic compositions;
3. numbered options.

Below analyze in detail each group, but should first explain what different solvents and thinners. Many inexperienced experts believe that this is one and the same, but it is not.

The difference is the following:

• The solvent reacts with the binder. Therefore, it can be used at a dilution of paint and remove stubborn stains;
• Paint thinner does not dissolve the binder, but only reduces the viscosity of the ink. They can not remove a dried layer.

organic compounds

Traditional variant used for over a hundred years. Organic solvents can be divided into three groups:

illustrations	Description
	Trudnouletuchivayuschiesya compositions. These include turpentine. This variant is characterized by very slow evaporation and has a strong odor, which may eroding days or even weeks. The main scope of use - dilution pentaphthalic enamels and alkyd paints. But there is a more advanced solutions, so turpentine nowadays rarely used.
	Sredneuletuchivayuschiesya compositions. The most famous version - kerosene. Evaporate faster than the first type, but also have a strong odor and dry for a long time. The main range of applications - compositions and acrylic-based oil.
	Bystrouletuchivayuschiesya composition. These include white spirit and solvent. They are suitable for enamels, lacquers, acrylic and oil paints. Rapid evaporation provides disappearance of the odor for a day or two, which is much faster than the other options.

This group of products has a number of drawbacks:

• fire hazard. A legkouletuchivayuschiesya solutions due to the strong evaporation and even explosive;
• Strong smell - it does not disappear for a long time, that creates discomfort to anyone who is in the room;
• Toxicity - to work in the room can not be without ventilation.

To dilute water-based and water-dispersion paints used ordinary water. It should be warm and clean.

Instructions for use of the water-based inks requires diluted with water

inorganic compounds

There are the following types of solvents:

• alcohol;
• hydrocarbon;
• Esters.

The alcohol compounds represented by the following embodiments:

• Ethanol. Technical option is used to dilute the paint. Is colorless, has a characteristic odor, is highly flammable;
• Methyl alcohol. The additive is composed of acetone and ether, it is highly toxic;

Alcoholic options flammable

• butyl alcohol. Used at a dilution of nitrocellulose lacquers, and high gloss and surface strength;
• Ethylene glycol. This solvent is an odorless, making it easier to work with him. Ingredients for a long time to evaporate, which makes it indispensable to dilute nitrovarnishes and uniform drying.

Hydrocarbon solvents, paints are of the following types:

• petroleum benzene. Compatible with any hydrocarbon compounds, has a very strong odor, is toxic. Indoors work is carried out with the respirator;
• Petrol. There are various options, the most famous of which - "Shoe". Used with those compositions, to a label which indicates that they may be diluted with petrol.

Petrol "Shoe" is widely used when working with enamels

Esters represented by such compounds:

• butyl acetate. The solvent is a yellowish transparent liquid and has a very large drying period. Ideal where you need to extend the period of drying the paint layer;

Butyl acetate - good slow drying agent coating

• Methyl acetate. Evaporates very quickly, a fire hazard and toxic, it is better not to apply;
• ethyl acetate. It is similar in characteristics to the above-described embodiment, but in contrast, the non-toxic and has a pleasant odor;

Ethyl acetate has a pleasant smell

• Acetone. The best known solvent compositions in this group. It has a pungent smell, but it has good properties for dissolving the majority of paints.

Acetone - the universal solvent for a variety of purposes

numbered compounds

To improve the characteristics of solvents and their possible to adjust for one or another type of paint, the various components are mixed to obtain a solution with improved properties. In order to even an inexperienced master could be oriented in a variety of options, it is assigned a number.

Let us examine the most popular compositions:

Illustration	Description
	F-4. A mixture of acetone and toluene was chosen so as to strengthen the coatings of alkyd paints and varnishes. Also, this type of product is perfect for enamels based on chlorinated polymers.
	solvent 646. The most popular solvent for today, has a number of advantages: Low price; Suitable for most paints, epoxy and fine dilutes acrylic lacquer; It improves the strength of the paint film and gives it a shine; Excellent for degreasing. If you prepare the surface with your hands, just soak a rag and wipe the base.
	solvent 647. Designed for use with nitroenamels and nitrocellulose lacquer. And for both the construction and automotive paints. The photo shows the different packaging, the bigger it is - the cheaper part.
	P-651. The use of this option is limited only by oil paints.

Each package contains all paint types of solvents that can be used. So first of all read the information on the label to understand what type of structure will suit you.

Output

Now that you know what types of formulations are, and will be able to find a suitable solvent for use without difficulty. Videos in this article will reveal more subject, and if you do not understand something - ask in the comments.