Proper ventilation in the apartment

A properly designed ventilation system in a residential building not only promotes comfortable stay in the premises, but also reduces the likelihood of diseases of the inhabitants themselves. After all, in the old stagnant air, especially in a small room, a huge number of harmful bacteria accumulate, which can become agents of not only fungal formations on walls and ceiling. But they can cause serious illnesses for a person. Therefore, to take the issue of design and installation of the ventilation system must be taken seriously and with all responsibility.

Types of ventilation

The type and type of ventilation system depends on the purpose of the room, which can be a bathroom, kitchen, living room, etc. When quality construction, it is necessary to design central ventilation and all rooms, but modern apartment building is limited to ventilation of the toilet, bathroom and kitchen. In multi-storey houses, as a rule, there is a central well, in which all the air ducts converge. Recently, separate wells for kitchens and bathrooms are being designed more often, which are connected on the technical floor.

What is required for installation?

Ventilation in apartment buildings is the installation of dampers, valves, air valves, fans with grills, because the channels are already available. But sometimes it requires expanding it, or moving it for a couple of centimeters, then you need the appropriate tools for working with concrete. For installation of ready-made systems, the following tools will be required:

• sealant;
• set of screwdrivers;
• perforator or drill;
• elements for ventilation systems;
• dowels and other hardware.

Why do I need to ventilate the bathroom?

As mentioned earlier, ventilation is a complex tool for both protection and comfort. It has the following positive qualities:

• Provides the most favorable indoor climate. This is achieved through the use of active systems with the use of adjustable motors or controlled air dampers. This quality consists of two parts: temperature and humidity. Only by maintaining these two parameters in the required ranges can you achieve maximum comfort and quality of life.
• The ventilation system is an excellent means for complex airing of the room if necessary.

The bathroom, especially the combined one, is exactly the place where very high humidity and unpleasant smell are very often present at the same time. And while in these rooms there are no windows for known reasons. To get rid of unfavorable factors, a qualitative and quick-acting ventilation system is necessary in addition to the natural one, called forced with automatic or manual control. Another reason for using forced ventilation is the weather factor, which is constantly changing, then a strong wind is blowing and it rains or is generally calm and warms the hot summer sun.

Correctly designed and installed system will ensure the prompt removal of all unpleasant odors and steam even before leaving the room. Thus keeping the climate and atmosphere in other rooms of the apartment unchanged. Constant high humidity contributes to the generation of condensate, which settles not only on the glass and mirrors, but on all other surfaces, both horizontal and vertical. That, in turn, even after a short period of time will lead to infection of the walls with fungus, the formation of mold on the ceiling and corners, and corrosion of metal objects and accessories in the plumbing. And this is fraught with the subsequent costs for the next repair. Therefore, we can note one more positive quality of the ventilation system in rooms with high humidity - this is an economic one.

Causes of malfunctioning of the

ventilation system How to check ventilation in the bathroom? If you feel that there is an air blockage in the room, it became difficult to breathe, that is, the probability of a malfunction of the natural ventilation system. It is necessary to check its functioning in a visual way, for this you need a source of fire and patience. It is necessary to fire to an open ventilation duct and observe its behavior. With proper ventilation, the flame tilts at an angle of 450. If this is not observed, the natural system is blocked. As a result, there is a smell in the bathroom from the ventilation. This is more likely to occur due to obstruction of the canal by foreign objects, less often - birds caught in it. In order to clarify and eliminate the cause of the clog, it is necessary to contact the municipal services, which will conduct necessary technical work for free.

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After checking the natural one, you can start installing the forced ventilation system.

Forced ventilation for the bathroom

For the design of any ventilation system, the normalized data is used, which depends on the area and functionality of the room. According to the tabulated data, air exchange in the bathroom should be carried out with a capacity of at least 25 m3 per hour, in the case of a combined node this figure should be at least 50 m3.The productivity depends on the overall dimensions and design of the ventilation shafts of the building.

Before proceeding with the installation of the ventilation system, one should understand the concepts:

Natural ventilation is the exchange of air masses from open doors and windows to the channel( this should be taken into account when testing the exhaust capacity);

Artificial or forced - active systems( fans, dampers) are used for air circulation.

In turn, the forced can also be of several types:

Supply - to exchange air masses, air is taken from the street through the ventilation ducts;

Exhaust air is transported from the room to the canal( standard system in apartment buildings);

Mixed - combined use of both directions of motion.

With modern construction in multi-storey houses, joint ventilation is projected between the bathroom and the toilet, i.e., there is no direct outlet to the ventilation duct, and there is an opening in the adjacent wall with the toilet. Through it, and there is a circulation of air, and in the case of a bath - the movement of steam. In this connection, two systems can be distinguished:

Ducted - additional ducts are used that connect the bathroom with the central channel;

Non-channel - the output of steam occurs in the bathroom, and from it into the channel.

Choosing the type of motor for ventilation

Do I need to ventilate the bathroom? The need to install an additional system arises in cases with lowered previously illuminated indicators or in case of need of operative management of the microclimate. In any case, improving the system of additional ventilation installation in the bathroom only contributes to the improvement of the quality of life.

The forced ventilation system in the bathroom consists of only a few components and the professionalism of the electrician. But before starting work, it is necessary to choose the right fan. It must have a high index for electrical safety. This is due to the fact that it is in the bathroom is always high humidity, and water is an excellent conductor for electricity.

Also distinguish several types of fan mounting:

radial - mounted directly in front of the channel entrance;

channel - is installed in the channel itself.

According to the design features, the fans are divided into the following types:

Centrifugal - provides maximum flow, but creates the most noise;

Diameter - less noisy, but also less productive due to the drum structure of the working element;

Axial - is widely used in non-channel systems, because air is captured by blades and flows along the axis;

Universal - a combination of centrifugal and axial, which allowed to obtain smaller overall dimensions, high performance and low noise figure.

Proper ventilation in the bathroom must begin with preliminary calculations. They are based on determining the volume of the room and the performance of the fan. For example, a room with a volume of 9 m3 requires a fan with a capacity of 72 m3 for a family of 4 people. Further, according to the passport data, the engine is selected in the range from 72 to 100 m3 per hour.

Selecting the type of ventilation control

Ventilation in the bathroom can be equipped with various fan control systems:

Manual - a separate switch is installed on the engine;

Synchronized - the motor circuit is connected to the light switch;

Automatic in time and simultaneously synchronized - the fan power supply circuit is connected to the light switch, but it switches off automatically by the timer;

Automatic - controlled by humidity sensors.