Cesspool: with your own hands for a private house, pumping out scheme, the device of concrete rings, make correctly of brick, slop

For the construction of a cesspool there is no need for large financial costs. The house sewage system in a private house is represented by a cesspool. It is necessary to build a pit, fill the bottom with concrete or fill it with rubble, overlay with rings or a brick. The design is quite simple, all the work, if desired, you can do yourself. You can also contact the professionals and monitor all the processes personally, having previously read the necessary information.

Types of cesspools with their own hands for a private house

Device drainThe new pit largely depends on the needs of the owners of the dacha or private house. So for a small amount of waste and use of the pit only on weekends, a design without a bottom will do. But for permanent use it is necessary to equip a closed variant.

A cesspool without a bottom is like a well. Equip walls that prevent contamination from entering the soil. The bottom is covered with rubble, which acts as a filter. Clean such a pit can be much rarer.

If you do not have the experience of constructing cesspools, it is better to ask for professional assistance

Sewage drains are advised to separate and use different pits for the toilet, shower, garbage. So the flow in the toilet will be slower to get dirty.

Bioactivators can be used to accelerate the decomposition of waste. Only silt will remain in the hole, and water is removed by means of a filter. So do ground bacteria, but there are not enough of them for processing large volumes.

Contraindications to installation of cesspools without a bottom:

1. Do not install sewerage near groundwater. When there are spring floods, the water level in the pit rises. In addition, soil contamination is contaminated, since water is not filtered.
2. Contraindicated to place a waste pit on clay soils. Such soils poorly pass water, which will make filtration more difficult.
3. The recommended pit volume is 1 cubic meter. M.

Sealed pits are storage tanks. Waste is pumped out with the help of special machines. Of course, the help will have to turn to professionals, but such a construction is safer for the environment and universal for installation in all types of soils. The role of closed-type cesspools is often performed by special structures - septic tanks.

Rules for the installation of a drainage pit in a private house

First you need to determine the location of the sewage pit. It is important to take into account a number of factors. So you can not place a drain near the house, and the size of the pipes should not be too long. The cleaning machine must have easy access to the drainage pit.

Sanitary regulations for the arrangement of a cesspool:

• From a pit to a nearby building there must be at least 5 m;
• Groundwater must not reach the sewage system 1 m;
• The distance to the well or well depends on the type of soil: clay - 20 m, sandy loam - 50 m, loam - 30 m;
• The interval from the intake to the edge of the drainage is 1 m.

The depth of the pit should be made depending on how many people live in the house.

It is important to correctly calculate the volume of the pit. This will ensure the continued use of sewerage. It is necessary to take into account 0.5 cubic meters of waste per person.

The drainage pit will better perform its functions, if you dig it up with a margin.

When determining the volume, it is necessary to take into account the composition of the soil. Clay soils, for example, poorly absorb the liquid fraction. The first year of work will be satisfactory, but every year its functionality will deteriorate.

When the dimensions of the structure are determined, they begin to lay pipes. Make a bias in a couple of centimeters for every meter. When the length is long, the slope decreases.

Scheme of a cesspool in a private house

There are several types of cesspools, therefore the scheme of each type has its differences. Can use different materials for the walls. So build the pits of their concrete rings, bricks or cinder blocks.

Scheme of cesspool with rings:

• Rings of 100 cm in length and 70 cm in diameter;
• Hatch of iron or wood;
• Ventilation riser;
• Overlapping of reinforced concrete;
• Concrete and iron support ring;
• Plate to the bottom;
• Cement screed.

Scheme of cesspools can be downloaded on the Internet and for convenience printed on

. Increase the size of the sink pit by using more concrete rings or choose a material with a larger diameter. There are rings in diameter of 1.5 and 2 m. At the same time, it is necessary to correctly measure the distance to wells, wells and other sources of drinking water. Also you need to take into account the interval to the apartment building.

Sequence of the pit hole device from concrete rings

First of all, it is necessary to draw up a detailed drawing where the overflow system, the depth of the well, the entrances and exits of the pipes will be indicated. Further prepare all the necessary tools and materials for work. When all the preparation is over, begin digging a foundation pit. Digging a pit, it is necessary to remember all the instructions of the sanitary instruction.

The dimensions of the pit depend on the rings and on the basis of the safety requirements. So with close contact with groundwater take care of good waterproofing. With the use of special equipment, the bulk trench is immediately pulled out into two chambers. If the work is done by hand, a separate pit is provided for each container.

Sequence of installation of concrete rings:

1. The bottom must be well ground and aligned. Then mount the bottom plate.
2. To sand the bottom yourself, a sand cushion is first covered. Enough 30 cm of material, after which everything is tamped. Next, the formwork, armopoyas is installed and poured all with concrete.
3. In the absence of a bottom, another preparation of the substrate takes place. No need to compact the soil. For the filtration, a layer of crushed stone is filled.
4. A cement-sand mortar is applied along the edges of the slab base, onto which the first ring lies. Then the remaining rings fit in the same way.
5. When the sewerage requires better strength, further fasten the rings together with bolts or metal plates.
6. Cut openings for pipes with overflow. Sewage pipes are injected into the receiving tank.

For the installation of concrete rings, a special

must be used. The entire structure must be well sealed. All joints, cracks and crevices should be sealed. To do this, use cement or other sealants. These works are carried out on both sides of the rings. Outside the ring, you will also need to lay a layer of waterproofing.

To strengthen the waterproofing, the walls are covered with clay 30-50 cm thick

It remains only to install the floors. On the rings are mounted channels or corners, on them lies a formwork with a cutout for manholes. Next is the installation of a layer of waterproofing, armopoyas and ventilation. Filled sewage pit is covered with polyethylene. After drying, the film is removed, and the overlapping is covered with earth.

Assembling a cesspool of brick

First choose a location for installing a cesspool. It is important to follow the sanitary rules. Consider the location of the source of drinking water. Also in the preparation phase, they store all the necessary tools.

It is absolutely necessary to install ventilation that will remove methane. In its absence, the sewage system can explode. To do this, make a special hatch.

Further dig a foundation pit. The earth, which is discarded during excavation, can be used for the garden. Part of the soil is left for the top filling of the drainage pit.

Brick cesspit has long life and excellent performance

Stacking of the pit with bricks:

1. The walls are leveled and protected from sifting;
2. The bottom is covered with a sand cushion;
3. Sand is poured over the concrete;
4. A cement-concrete screed is made a week later( you can put a ready-made concrete slab);
5. Brick masonry;
6. Waterproofing installation;
7. Installation of the floor, for this use reinforced concrete.

The overlap is equipped with a hole for the hatch. Through it you can do the pumping out of sewage. When the lid is self-contained, it is necessary to make the formwork. It is poured with two layers of concrete. Then the device is covered with a film. When the concrete withers, the formwork is covered with earth.

Cesspool equipment with own hands without pumping

Absorbing well provides an autonomous sewage system, which can be laid out by hand. Sewage pit has an open bottom, on which a layer of rubble is laid. Liquid effluents seep through the stones, but the solid remains in the pit.

For large volumes of waste, it is advisable to equip the septic tank, since soil microorganisms will not be able to cope with such work.

Bacteria from the soil feed on organic matter, processing it. The depth of the pit depends on the number of family members and the intensity of the waste. On average, 120-200 liters per day are allocated per person. The liquid with water seeps through the rubble after 3 days.

There are special concrete rings with holes through which the waste is slowly leaking

Advantages of the drainage pit without pumping out:

• Simple arrangement;
• All materials are freely available;
• Quick installation.

But there are drawbacks to this design. There is always an unpleasant odor from the drains. It is also worth noting that an open sewage pit threatens nature.

Cesspool with own hands( video)

A cesspool is a necessary sewer for a country, private house or cottage. There are 2 options for performing a cesspool drain. An open pit does not provide a bottom. The bottom is filled with only a stone layer, which performs filtering functions. Closed drain - completely hermetic construction. Its installation requires the arrangement of a firm bottom and a cover.