In terms of circuit design, such an electrical wiring in a private house does not differ much from the electrical wiring of an ordinary city apartment. The only difference is that the house has several floors, and this must be taken into account. Plus connection from different "sources. If the apartment is connected to the power supply from the switchboard located at the entrance of the house, then the private house is connected from the power line pole or a power cable from a local transformer. The principle of "wiring" inside the dwelling remains the same. Instagram posts, stories, followers anonymously SmiHub.com Browse Instagram
Organizational issues when connecting your home to the network
Before proceeding directly to the electrical work, organizational issues should be resolved:
- It is necessary to accurately determine the number of "consumers" of electricity. These include sockets and lighting fixtures. You also need to take into account all the mechanisms, units that require individual connection, and not "powering" from the outlet. This is calculated separately for each room. Moreover, it should be borne in mind that if today there is only one refrigerator from household appliances in the kitchen, then tomorrow there may already be two of them. Then you might want to buy a food processor too. In other words, perspective also needs to be considered. A place for the switches should be chosen in advance so that they are convenient to use;
- It is necessary to determine in advance the location of the devices in the rooms. Where will the TV stand, where is the backlit aquarium, where will the chandeliers and sconces hang. It is necessary to take into account the need for lighting outside the house: porch, yard. You may need to install an external outlet (this may come in handy);
- After that, a diagram of the entire wiring of a private house is drawn up and the necessary materials and their quantity are calculated. The scheme is required. First, it is a guarantee that nothing will be missed during installation work. Secondly, not all people have a phenomenal memory, and over time, something will be forgotten. Thirdly, the scheme will always help in finding a malfunction in the power grid, especially if at this time there will be no "author" and "performer" of electrical work.
You should know that the external connection to the power grid is made by a specialized organization that supplies the given microdistrict with electricity. By agreement with the owner of the house, its representatives install a central automaton (switch), "protection" and an electric meter in the chosen place. All other work can be done by the owner of the property. He is also responsible for the rest of the "network", the correctness of its laying and safety (both electrical and fire). By the way, this is a good opportunity to consult on the internal wiring (if there is any ambiguity).
Two groups of electrical wiring
Usually the wiring is done separately. It is customary to divide all consumers into two main groups: lighting fixtures and sockets, therefore the electrical wiring in each room consists of two "parts". One powers all outlets, the other powers all fixtures. Firstly, the load will be different, therefore, the wire is used differently. Secondly, if a malfunction occurs and the chandelier will not burn, then you can illuminate the room from a table lamp, for example. And it's easier to look for faults this way.
"RULES" allow laying both hidden and open electrical wiring in the house. The choice of its type depends on whether it is a stone house or a brick one. But in practice, both are used. The central machine is connected with a cable to the junction box in the house, in which an introductory machine and several machines are installed through which voltage is supplied consumers. It means that several inputs can be powered from the central machine: in the house and in outbuildings.
If the house has several floors, then each floor must be connected separately. For simplicity of calculations and optimization of material costs, it is better to connect each room independently of the others. Thus, there are two machines for one room: for sockets and for lighting. And if a short circuit occurs in one room, it will not affect other rooms in any way. Although the schemes are different: if the house is small, then two lines are enough. One for all sockets, the other for all fixtures. When calculating the cross-section of wires, the calculated number should be increased by at least a third (safety factor).
Considering that now all household appliances are made according to European standards, it is necessary to provide for a good ground loop. This is a separate conversation, but the contour should not be forgotten when drawing up a diagram. And yet, you need to know that all wires are laid only either horizontally or vertically. Any bends, diagonals are unacceptable, so don't try to "save" the cable in this way - nothing good will come of it.
And finally, a video article - designing an electrical wiring network during construction:
