So, the first thing you should have an idea of - what the solar power plant kit consists of. The main elements of the system are represented by the following devices: 
- Batteries absorbing sunlight. These modules convert natural light into electrical energy.
- The charge-discharge controller is a battery that monitors the voltage of the batteries. If in the daytime the batteries are recharged( at 14 volts), the controller turns off the charging process. If the batteries are discharged at night( the voltage is extremely low - 11 volts), the controller prevents the further operation of the power plant.
- Battery that is designed to store generated electricity.
- Inverter - converts 12 volts into 220 variables necessary for the operation of home electrical appliances, lighting systems and household appliances.
We draw your attention to the fact that it is desirable to put fuses between all the devices: controller, inverter, load and battery, which will protect the system in the event of a short circuit in the network!
In the simplest design, the connection diagram of solar cells to the controller, battery, inverter and load is as follows: 
As you can see, there are no special difficulties in connecting, the main thing is to observe the polarity and connect all the plugs to the required connectors of the controller. In this case, it's very difficult to mix up something. But if you decided to use electricity from the sun simultaneously with a fixed network, the solar connection should look like this: 
Here it is necessary to explain: the reserved load is emergency lighting, a boiler and, for example, a refrigerator. Non-redundant - household appliances, light in the house, etc. The larger the battery capacity, the longer the redundant electrical appliances will be able to work offline!
With the scheme of connection of solar batteries to an alternating current network have understood. Now we need to consider an equally important part of the issue - the correct connection of the panels with each other.
Modules on the roof of the country house
One panel connects to the controller without problems - plus and minus need to be connected to the corresponding connectors of the controller. And what if you have several batteries in the system? Here you can use one of the following schemes for connecting solar panels:
- Parallel .In this case, you need to connect the same name terminals to each other: plus to plus, minus to minus. As a result, the output voltage will remain the same 12 volts.
- Serial .Plus the first panel you need to connect to the minus second. The remaining plus of the second battery and minus the first one must be connected to the controller. The result is at the output of 24 volts, which can sometimes be needed at home.
- Mixed ( serial-parallel).This scheme of connecting solar panels implies the interconnection of several groups of batteries. Within each group, devices are connected in parallel, and only then sequentially, as shown in the picture. This option will make the most suitable output voltage characteristics.
We also recommend viewing the video, which clearly explains the entire connection sequence:
connectionThat's all I wanted to tell you about the schemes of connecting solar cells of a country house to an AC power grid. As you can see, the wiring layout is not complicated, the main thing is to be careful and determine what load should be on the output. A very important point, which I would like to complete this article - in no case is to connect the inverter directly to the controller. Such a connection would be disastrous for a domestic power plant!
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