Glass properties
Glass is an inorganic material that can be manufactured in production, and also exists in nature in the form of minerals. The structure is an amorphous solid that has many modifications. That's why there is such a huge variety of species of this material. Each of them has its own composition, physical and chemical properties.
At present, regardless of the type, the production has reached such results that the properties of the material improve every day. For example, today it includes such parameters as resistance to aggressive substances, transparency, bioactivity, strength, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, heat resistance and others. In the ordinary solid state, it is not affected by atmospheric precipitation. That is why it is used in various areas, including for finishing external facades.
Chemical composition of glass
Produce this material from glass-forming substances. These include the following oxides and fluorides: GeO2, SiO2, TeO2, B2O3, P2O5, AlF3.Consequently, depending on the main component used, various glasses are also isolated. For example, oxide( quartz, silicate, phosphate, germanate), fluoride. A typical silicate glass is made by melting the composition of soda, lime and quartz sand.
In terms of quartz glass, it has the following formula: SiO2.It is made by melting silica materials( rock crystal, quartzite).It can also consist of clastofulgurites, that is, of natural origin. It is formed in a very interesting way, by hitting the lightning in a deposit of quartz sand.
Physical properties of
What is the characteristic of glass for specific parameters, we will write below. First, density - again depends on the type, but the minimum is quartz glass, and it is 2200 kg / m3.A glass, which includes oxides of bismuth, lead, tantalum, have a density of about 7500 kg / m3, silicate( or window glass) - 2500-2600 kg / m3.The second important indicator is the thermal conductivity of glass. In general, it varies from 0.711 to 13.39 W /( m * K).
Third, the specific gravity of the glass is a variable parameter that directly depends on the density. However, it is calculated by a certain formula, which necessarily includes the mass of the product, the thickness. So, for example, the weight of the glass, which has a thickness of 1 mm and an area of 1 m2, is 2.5 kg. Fourthly, is 's fragility - an indicator that determines the degree of possible material destruction from physical impacts.
This property can also be reflected by impact strength, which increases when added during the manufacturing process of bromine. So, in silicate glass it is equal to 1.5-2 kN / m. Fifthly, strength , which can be from 500 to 2000 MPa. Sixth, is the hardness of glass. Measured on the Mohs scale and can be 6-7 Units. The hardness depends on the added impurities. If alkaline oxides are added to the composition, it will become smaller. There will be soft lead glass. The hardest is quartz.
Before choosing a particular kind of material, determine which characteristics and properties are important to you. Next, explain this to the sales consultant, and he will offer you the most suitable type.