You can get a cheap energy source on your own, at home - just collect the biogas plant. If we understand the principle of its functioning and the device, then it is not difficult to do this. The mixture it produces contains a large amount of methane( depending on the feedstock - up to 70%), so it has a wide range of applications.
Refueling of auto gas cylinders as fuel for heating boilers is far from a complete list of all possible uses of the finished product. On how to mount a biogas plant with our own hands - our story.
Biogas is produced by the decomposition of organic matter, but its "output"( in volumetric calculation), and therefore the efficiency of the installation, depends on what is loaded into it. The table provides relevant information( data indicative), which will help determine the choice of a specific engineering solution. Some explanatory graphs will be out of place.
Biogas plant - design options
With manual loading of raw materials, without heating and mixing
For domestic use, this model is considered the most convenient. With a reactor capacity of 1 to 10 m³, manure on the order of 50 to 220 kg will be needed every day. That's what needs to be done and determined based on the size of the container.
The biogas plant is installed in the ground, so it will require a small pit. In accordance with its estimated dimensions, a place is selected on the site. The composition and purpose of all elements of the scheme is easy to understand.
Mounting feature
After installation of the reactor in place, it must be checked for leaks. Then the metal is to be painted( preferably frost-resistant) and insulated.
Recommendations
- Removal of work-off occurs naturally - either during the laying of a new batch, or with excess gas in the reactor with the valve closed. Consequently, the capacity of the waste collection vessel should not be less than that of the working container.
- Despite the simplicity of the device and the attractiveness for assembly by hand, due to the fact that mass mixing and heating is not provided, this variant of the biogas plant should be operated in regions with a mild climate, that is, mainly in the south of Russia. Although with high-quality thermal insulation, under conditions where the underground water layers are deep, such a version of the biogas plant is quite suitable for the central strip.
Without heating, but with mixing
Almost the same, only a small improvement, which significantly increases the productivity of the installation.
How to make the mechanism? For someone who, with their own hands, has been building, for example, a concrete mixer based on a barrel, this is not a problem. The reactor will have to mount a shaft with blades. Therefore, it is necessary to install support bearings. As a link between the shaft and the lever, it is good to use a chain.
Stirring + heating
Thermal action on biomass increases the intensity of the decomposition and fermentation processes occurring in it. Such a biogas unit is more versatile in use, since it can operate in two modes - mesophilic and thermophilic, that is, in a range of temperatures( approximately) 25-65 ° C( see the graphs above).
In this scheme, the boiler operates on the resulting gas, although this is not the only option. Heating biomass can be carried out in different ways, as it is more convenient to organize it to the owner.
Automated variants of biogas unit
The difference between this scheme is that a gas generator is connected to the installation. This allows you to accumulate gas reserves, and not to expend it immediately for the intended purpose. Ease of use and that for intensive fermentation is suitable for almost any temperature regime.
This setup is even more powerful. In a day, it is capable of processing up to 1.3 tons of raw materials with the same volume of the reactor. Loading, mixing - for it "answers" pneumatics. The diverting channel allows the removal of waste either to the hopper for short-term storage, or to mobile tanks for the purpose of immediate removal. For example, for fertilizing fields.
Mechanized biogas plant
Difference from previous models in an additional tank in which the raw material is pre-treated.
Feed into the hopper, and then into the reactor is produced by compressed biogas. It is also used for heating.
The only thing that is necessary when assembling any of the installations with your own hands is precise engineering calculations. Perhaps you need a specialist consultation. And otherwise everything is quite simple. If at least one of the readers is interested in a biogas unit and mounts it independently, it means that the author has not in vain worked on this article. Good luck!
