Let's consider the basic ways of joining timber and logs
The construction of a wooden bath begins with a log house. Many people do not dare to erect the log house independently, not knowing how to connect the logs. Contrary to the prevailing opinion, it is not difficult, the main thing is to choose the correct way of connection. The construction of a log and a log block has its own characteristics, and the types of tree connection they have are different.
Log house from logs
Log cabin technology has been tested and tested for centuries, and the features of building log cabins from logs directly depend on the area where they were erected. In appearance of the finished log, the types of joints can be divided into two groups: with the remainder - with the ends of the logs protruding at the corners, and without a remainder - with even angles without log projections. The bath, built according to the first method, will be purged much less, and it will last longer. But the second way is more economical, because logs need half a meter shorter.
Video - corner joints in the house of the timber
Connecting the logs "into the bowl" and "into the ohlop"
Traditional old Russian method of cutting logs. Its meaning is that in the place of docking the top of each log is cut down a groove in the form of a transverse log - a bowl. Otherwise, it is also called "obo", and it is better to cut it in place in order to ensure the maximum fit of the logs. There are several types of felling "in the bowl."
The connection scheme in the bowl and the
. The way in the half-tree is generally similar to the chopping "in the bowl", but differs in that in the upper part of the log a longitudinal laying groove is made, into which, when joining the logs, a caulk is laid-moss or linen. For greater strength use nagelya - wooden keys, designed to connect the upper and lower logs.
The joint in the form of a grooved crest is a northern version of the frame assembly, it is distinguished by increased wind resistance. Its peculiarity is an oval-shaped crest designed to connect logs.
The most durable way of joining logs is "in Kurdyuk", with this type of assembly, except for a special comb, a protrusion is also used at the bottom of the bowl, along the longitudinal axis of the log. Such a connection is more durable, but requires special skill.
In addition to native Russian species, the technology of northern countries with a harsh climate is often used. For example, "Canadian felling" or "Norwegian cup" - they differ self-wracking during draft bathing system of felling, shown in the figure.
The main types of connection logs in the Russian, Canadian bowl + Locking technology
Siberian masters used the connection of logs "in the ohlop", in which the cup is cut down not at the top, but at the bottom of the log.
Log connection "in okhjap"
The transitional variant of cutting is called "in ohryap".Logs are not connected with a bowl cut in one of the logs, but with straight cuts from the top and bottom of each log, but the ends of the logs go beyond the limits of docking.
Log-to-log connection and dovetail
In order to get even angles without protruding ends of logs, a "paw" connection is used. To strengthen the structure and secure engagement at the ends of logs are cut rectangular spikes and nests - the so-called priesek. For better protection from the wind, the planes are tilted backwards, and a "dovetail" connection method is obtained. Logs made using technology "without residue" are more often found in regions with a warm climate and a lack of building logs. Their implementation requires great accuracy, but significantly saves the material.
Angular connection of logs without residue
Log structure
Block logs are more neat, they are easier to assemble, but less warm. The joint of the beam can be both angular and longitudinal - with insufficient length of the beam. Angle bar joint, as in the case of a log cabin, can be performed in several ways.
Connection of a log from a bar "in a shell"
This connection method is carried out using keyways, one-, two- and four-sided. In the first variant at the top of each bar a groove is selected strictly according to the width of the bar. The double-sided lock provides for the selection of two slots - from above and below, exactly 1/4 of the section of the bar. The four-sided lock assumes already four grooves - from each side of the bar. Assembly of the log from the profiled beam is facilitated by its precise dimensions and is performed quite quickly.
Video - splicing of the beam along the length
Video connection of the bar to the Oblio
Jointing of the log from the log "to the paw"
When connecting the beam to the paw, there are also several options. The simplest of them - butt-end, with the beam fixed with metal plates or staples. This option is rather cold, does not have increased strength, it is not suitable for a bath. Connection "on the dowels" provides for the assembly of the log with the help of wooden pins. They are made of hardwoods, thanks to this, the engagement of the log wreaths is firmly ensured. The greatest strength is obtained when the liners are made oblique, but their performance is more complicated. The warmest and most durable option is the joining of the bars into the root spike: when a longitudinal protrusion is made in the lower bar, a spike, and in the upper bar a groove of the corresponding section. During installation between the spike and groove it is necessary to lay flax-jute cloth. At the corners, each crown is strengthened with wooden nagel.
Dovetail joint
Performed in analogy with a log frame: a trapezoidal spike is made at the ends of the bars, and a groove of the return form is chosen in the adjacent bars to ensure a good fit. The strength of such a log is quite sufficient for the construction of a bath, but the thermal insulation properties are somewhat lower than for a log house.
Which way to choose a connection depends on your capabilities and desire, as well as on what region and climate in which the bath will be operated, whether it is planned to be insulated. In general, it is necessary to be guided not by economy of materials and time, but by issues of strength and durability. And then your bath will give you a light steam and a good mood for many years.
We advise you to read about the lower strapping frame house.
Video - connection of dovetail logs
