Wooden pavilions made of wood with own hands

For the construction of a wooden gazebo, it is necessary to choose the optimum dimensions of the structure, the type of foundation, the shape of the structure itself and the materials for the walls and roof. The further process consists of several stages: drawing up a drawing, filling the foundation, assembling the frame and plating. In the absence of experience, it is necessary to start with buildings of small size and regular shape, which greatly simplifies the task. With this approach, gazebos made of wood with their own hands are obtained from the first time.

Types of wooden arbours

First, wooden arbors are divided into openingss and closed. The first option is light seasonal buildings that are not designed for operation in the cold season. Closed gazebos are more capital structures, with a solid roof, often glazed or with one blank wall. Secondly, garden arbors made of wood can have a square, rectangular, circular shape, and also be six or octagonal.

The base is suitable for any type of foundation: shallow, striped, columnar. It is possible to install a gazebo even on a cinder block or laid flat logs. The larger the dimensions of the structure, the firmer the foundation must be. Another difference is the material for the walls: it can be a wooden beam, slats and boards, as well as solid logs.

So, in order to choose the right type of construction, you first need to determine the purpose. If a gazebo is needed for a family holiday in the summer, an open-type version of small sizes is suitable. As a base, you can use a cinder block, poles made of bricks, columnar foundations made of pipes or logs. If you plan meetings with your friends in a gazebo or celebrate family events in a wide range, you should pay attention to a spacious, closed-type design with a slab or tape base.

Construct a square or rectangular arbor is much easier than a round or hexagonal. The use of logs and boards for the erection of walls also simplifies the construction process, but the curved lattice walls look more refined. All this should be taken into account when selecting materials and drawing up a drawing. In addition, the elements of the arbor must necessarily be combined with the landscape of the site and the house.

Construction of the foundation for the gazebo

After drawing up the design, a suitable place is chosen for its construction. This site should be flat, sufficiently open, far from the barns and the country cottage. It is desirable that the place under the gazebo is on a raised platform, then the foundation will be protected from flooding and dampness. Having removed vegetation and large stones, make a marking for the foundation.

Column foundation for a pergola

This is the simplest and budgetary version of the basement. For its manufacture you will need:

• shovel or garden drill;
• level;
• Roulette;
• support poles;
• cement slurry;
• fittings;
• ruberoid.
  

  Column foundation for pergolas, scheme

Support posts should be located at the corners of the pergola and under the bearing walls every 2 m. If metal tubes or trimming of logs are chosen as supports, the holes for them are prepared with the help of a hand drill. The diameter of the holes is 10 cm larger than the diameter of the column, and its depth is about 70 cm. For poles made of brick or cinder block, the pit is digged with a shovel, giving them a square shape. The depth of such pits should not be less than 50 cm.

At the bottom pour sand, and then rubble;the thickness of each layer is about 10 cm. Metal pipes are cut to the same parts so that after installation in the pits, they rise above the surface by 15-20 cm. The metal is treated with an anti-rust composition, and dried. Lowered into holes and aligned vertically. Inside each pipe insert a piece of reinforcement, whose length is 10 cm longer than the length of the post. Now concrete is poured into the pipes, and the space between the walls of the pit is clogged with earth and stones and rammed.

Instead of pipes, you can take dry, solid logs. They are treated with antiseptic, and then smeared with bituminous mastic and dried. After that, lower the supports into the prepared holes, rammed or poured with concrete.

If blocks or bricks are used as pillars, the bottom of the pit is covered with a cushion of sand and gravel, driving a length of reinforcement 70-80 cm into the center and filling the pit with concrete mortar to the top. When the concrete is standing, its surface is covered with a roofing material, and a brick or cinder block is laid on top. The reinforcement should be in the center of the column and protrude over its surface by 10 cm.

Plinth foundation

This type of foundation is perfect for a small round or square arbor. Mark the boundaries of the site, and then choose the soil to a depth of 40-50 cm. Level and compact the bottom of the pit, fill it with sand to a height of 10-15 cm, spill water and again rammer. Then pour the rubble with a layer of 15 cm and lay a reinforcing mesh of rods connected with wire.

After retreat from the edge of 10 cm, at the corners fix the vertical pieces of reinforcement so that they protrude above the foundation for 15 cm. At the perimeter, establish a low formwork of plywood, strengthen it with struts, pour concrete solution.

Fine-grained ribbon foundation

This option is best suited for a spacious gazebo of a closed type. On the plot mark the boundaries of the base, denoting them with hammered pegs with a rope stretched between them. The width of the tape should be slightly larger than the thickness of the walls, usually 25-30 cm. The depth of the trenches is 50-70 cm, depending on the density of the soil. The bottom of the trench is covered with sand, then gravel or rubble, reinforced with a grid of metal rods. The formwork is made low, enough that the foundation rises above the ground by 10 cm.

The device of the floor of the pergola

When the foundation is to last and harden, you can proceed to the installation of floor slabs. To do this, you will need:

• a dry bar measuring 10x10 mm;
• edged board with a thickness of 2 cm; ;
• nails;
• hammer;
• drill;
• level;
• electric jigsaw.

If the gazebo is rectangular, the installation of the floor will not take long. The bar is treated with an antiseptic, dried in air and cut to the width of the gazebo. First lay the uneven bars along the perimeter of the basement, using reinforcement, which protrudes out of the concrete, for fastening. To do this, holes are drilled in the tree, the rods pass through them and bend them with a hammer.

Next lay intermediate lags at a distance of 30-40 cm;necessarily check their location horizontally, to exclude the slope of the floor. Between each other the logs are fastened with nails or self-tapping screws. After this, the beam is paneled with boards, pre-treated with a primer. For round and hexagonal arbors this method is not suitable;there the bars are mounted either in the form of rays diverging from the center, or in the form of cells of a trapezoidal shape.

Building walls from logs

For a log gazebo, a frame of timber is not needed, the erection immediately begins with the laying of walls. A ruberoid is laid on the foundation, and the first row of logs is attached from above. Logs should be located along the perimeter, excluding only the doorway. At the ends of the logs, slots are cut out and corners are fixed. It is desirable to join logs only in corners, so the appearance of the gazebo will be more attractive.

Lay 3-4 rows of logs around the perimeter, moving to the corners of the building. Logs are sawed into pieces about half a meter in length, cut out grooves and laid on the joints of the walls. You can make corners trapezoidal shape, using lengths of different lengths and reducing them as the walls are built. When the construction will gain the desired height, again stack the logs around the perimeter, strengthening the upper crown with metal staples or spacers. The space between adjacent corners can be closed with a curly wooden grate, a wrought-iron grate or left so. Now it remains to mount the roof, and the gazebo will be ready.

Arbor from a beam and laths

For the erection of an open wooden gazebo frame type it will be necessary: ​​

• beams with a cross-section 80x80 mm;
• slats 20x40 mm;
• plumb line;
• self-tapping screws and nails;
• hammer;
• screwdriver;
• antiseptic primer.

At the device of a floor of an arbor the bottom объзка from a bar already was laid. Now it is necessary to install vertical supports and to frame the walls of the building. For vertical supports, a dry, level beam of 80x80 mm is used. First, mount the corner posts, fix them with spacers and expose them strictly vertically. To the lower strapping, the racks are nailed or bolted with metal plates and bolts. Between the angular supports set intermediate, at a distance of 1-1.25 m from each other.

When all the vertical supports are assembled, you must fasten them with the top harness. As a strapping, the same bar 80x80 mm is used;it is stacked on top of the corner posts, leveled horizontally and nailed. All elements of the top bandage must be in the same horizontal plane. At the end of the installation, the temporary spacers are removed and the walls are lined with racks.

The rails can be stuffed horizontally, leaving gaps of 3 to 7 cm between them, making vertical shields, mount diagonally between the posts. But the best look is the walls of wooden lattices with diamond-shaped cells. For the manufacture of such grids, the slats are packed at an angle of 45 degrees. In this case, the grids should not be continuous: above the doorway and in each wall it is recommended to leave free space in the form of an arch or a semicircular cut-out.

Assembling the roof of the pergola

The roof for the gazebo can be made a saddle, gable or in the form of a tent. The simplest version is a one-pitch roof, but most often there is a four-tented roof hood. For its arrangement take 4 beams cross-section 80х80см or 10х10 cm, on the ground they are knocked down so that they form the right pyramid, and lift upward. It is recommended to use metal plates and bolts to fasten the rafters to the top harness. Also, with the help of plates, the bars in the center of the roof are fixed.

beam To strengthen the rafter system between the rafters, horizontal struts of a bar of a smaller cross section are packed. If the gazebo is very large and has a rectangular shape, it is better to mount a gable roof. To do this, from the uneven bars 80x80 cm, triangle trusses are knocked down and installed on the upper strapping. The distance between the farms is 1 m, they are fixed by means of tie-in into horizontal beams and fixed by spacers. On the upper edge of the farm are connected by a ridge beam.

When the rafter system is installed, it is covered with a waterproofing film, 2 cm thick slats are stuffed over the film and a roof covering is attached. To the gazebo harmoniously fit into the landscape, the roofing should be the same as on the residential building. After the installation of the roof, it is necessary to equip the interior space, connect electricity, paint or varnish the walls.

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