A lot has been written about the appropriateness of the arrangement of autonomous water supply for private properties, as well as the choice of the source. One of the simplest variants is the Abyssinian well( AK).Without going into the history of the appearance of such a design( on many sites this is given quite a lot of space, but we are somehow versed in technology), let's talk about what it is and how to make it yourself.
To understand the specifics of the work of the Abyssinian well, it is necessary to understand the design features of this hydraulic structure. Well in the full sense it can not be called. First of all - because of the relatively small diameter of the mine and the way it is mounted. Rather, it is something between the traditional well and the well, since the "Abyssinian" is characterized by the features and properties of both, and the other source.
Its difference from other hydraulic engineering objects for autonomous water supply is in the features of water abstraction - depth, first of all, and universality. This is clearly seen in the figure.
Components of the
construction Considering that it is an independent equipment of an Abyssinian well, some minor differences are possible, since any master is primarily oriented to local conditions and specific work. Therefore, all of the following is recommendatory in nature and is considered a "basic" list.
- Pipe( trunk AK) .Typically, 1 to 2 inches. Depending on the depth of the well - integral or composite.
-
Tip. It is necessary to pass the rock to the desired aquifer.
- Filter. Its cells must be small to prevent the entry of solid suspensions into the water pipe( sand, silt, etc.).It is installed in advance on the 1st section of the compound pipe or on the end part of the integral pipe.
- Pump. Or manual, or electric. Although it is advisable to mount both, in case of interruptions with en / supply. A good option is shown in the figure.
- Additional elements. Gaskets( seals), couplings - in the case of a compound barrel.
Construction order
Accurate, "step by step" instructions can not be in principle, since all sections are different. The main thing, the reader, to understand the meaning of the work, and "how and what" specifically to do, is easy to solve.
Location of the well
In principle, the requirements are the same as for the arrangement of a conventional well. Since the trunk is submerged, as a rule, to a depth of not more than 8 m, it is necessary first of all to be guided by the requirements of sanitation - distance from cesspools, septic tanks( not the fact that the reservoir is not depressurized) and the like.
Features of
So far it's about the technique "with your own hands", then it is assumed that the simplest devices will be used for drilling. The complexity of the arrangement of the Abyssinian well is that it may be necessary to move from place to place until a suitable one is found.
Determination of the depth of occurrence
If it is decided to take water withdrawals according to the combined scheme( electric + manual pump), a series of test drilling will be required in advance. Based on the results, a decision is made. The fact is that when installing the pumps, it is necessary to make a tap in advance on the pipe, on which an el / mechanism is placed, while the "roll" is mounted on top of the barrel. The installation options for the Abyssinian well are shown in the figure.
Orient on adjacent areas, which already have Abyssinian wells, is not entirely correct. We must not forget that the underground layers of water have a complex configuration, therefore, having spent time and effort, as a result, you can "miss".
Selection of materials
The pumps have already been mentioned. Therefore, everything rests on the cross-section of the pipe. If you take the "inch", then the submersible model of the electric pump can not be set. Therefore, only the surface type. But with malleable soil( for example, sandstone), this parameter can also be increased, since "penetration" of the ground does not cause great difficulties. So you can buy a pump and a submersible pump.
Another question - which pipe? It depends on how it will be installed.
Assembling the barrel
If it is composite, then the individual workpieces are fastened by couplings. Feature - if the pipe will be installed by a method of stuffing, then the connection elements are made only of steel. Iron couplers quickly split when striking the trunk.
Manufacturing of the simplest filter
The method is clear from the figure( one of the options).
The part of the pipe on which the holes are drilled is covered( wrapped) with a mesh material with the smallest cells. Available for sale - for wells.
Installation of the
trunk The main techniques are two - drilling and driving. The first way is clear. If you get a screw pile, and the cross-section is small, then a grid( filter) is mounted at the end( above the cone-shaped tip).Screwing is done using a lever placed in the process holes. In the case of a pipe with a slightly larger diameter, a shaft is pierced by a hand drill, after which a pipe( with a grid) is put into it.
Clogging is performed by one of 2 methods. But the workpiece must have a pointed, sturdy tip that will crumble the rock in the course of its movement.
Feature - in diameter, the cone should be slightly larger, otherwise the pipe walls will adhere to the ground, and the plugging process will be extremely complicated. How to fix it - weld, install using a threaded connection - the host decides for himself. The main thing is the strength of the structure.
Variant number 1 - on the upper cut it is necessary to put a metal "grandmother", and on it to beat a sledge hammer( a hammer).After the end of work, the flared top is easy to cut off with a "Bulgarian".
Variant No. 2 - a smaller pipe is inserted into the trunk, and blows are applied over it. She, moving down, deepens the main. In this case, it is necessary to provide increased strength of the connection of the cone-shaped tip to the barrel.
Arrangement of the headstock
This is partly related to the choice of location."Abyssinets" is convenient because it can be put in any extension, even the basement( as in the photo).
For operation only in summer, this is not relevant. But for the all-the-year-round use of the source, if it is located outside the building, on the site, you will have to think about warming the well. What to put, the caisson or the house - already the details, but the problem will have to be solved.
Read more
After the water has appeared in the trunk, it is necessary to clean the filter. It is clear that during the installation it will be partially clogged with earth. This is done by feeding water into the pipe from the outside, under a strong pressure. And only after flushing, the pump is installed and the serviceability of the circuit is checked.
Dear reader! The article covers only the main aspects of the work. If you understand the principle of constructing an Abyssinian well and the specifics of installation, then the construction of such a source of water will not cause difficulties.
Best of luck!
