Mounting of reinforcement in a strip foundation

As you know, concrete is an incredibly strong material, but in the case of the foundation, as well as many other concrete structures, it is simply necessary to use high-quality reinforcement. In modern conditions, it is enough to go to the building supermarket and purchase the necessary volume of metal fittings. Such a solution will uniquely strengthen the foundation, even if we have a foundation built using not the best quality solution.

With regard to the use of reinforcing bars, in this caseit is necessary to carry out a detailed calculation, which allows to establish the required number of metal elements of the baseI.It is worth noting in advance that in this calculation it is necessary to take into account not only the area of ​​the foundation, but also the specificity of its construction.

In this article we will consider the specifics of using reinforcement in a strip foundation. This type of foundation has its own characteristics, which we will discuss further. In addition, there are many options for creating a reinforcing frame. In some cases, builders are able to save money by using smaller amounts of reinforcement. It is also very important to pay attention to the very process of mounting the reinforcement.

Specification of the calculation of the required amount of reinforcement

If it is a question of calculating the reinforcement, then you need to set the required quantity of this product, its diameter and length. Moreover, on sale it is possible to find armature of different type. Often in the building stores, the following types of products are available:

• reinforcement with a ring profile;
• fittings with sickle-shaped profile;
• Mixed reinforcement profile.

In the case of a strip foundation, builders advise using any of these types, but at the same time it is not recommended to use products that do not have ribs. Such fittings are suitable for many other purposes, but with concrete it will not grasp in the best way. In turn, any ribs create a grip with concrete, so the whole structure will be strong enough.

Regarding the diameter of the valve, a wide variety of options can be found on the market, however, it is recommended to use metal products with a diameter of 10-20 mm to create a strip foundation. The bars that will be placed vertically may have a diameter of about 6-8 mm.

After this, you need to determine the minimum content of reinforcement in the ribbon foundation. For this, it is necessary to use the official standards of SNiP, in which the most authoritative data on construction work are presented. Thus, in paragraph 7.3.5 it is stated that the minimum content of longitudinal reinforcement should be not less than 0.1% of the total area of ​​the section of the tape. For example, if we have a foundation with a height of 1200 mm and a width of 400 mm, then the total cross-section of the reinforcement section should be 480 mm2.This is the very minimum value that allows you to be sure of the reliability of the building structure. In the event that for the construction of the foundation is not enough reinforcement, it is advisable to freeze the project, since subsequently there may be an emergency situation.

Determination of the required number of longitudinal reinforcement bars

In order to determine the required amount of longitudinal metal products, it is necessary to use the previous calculations and divide the obtained value by the cross-section of the selected reinforcement. Thus, we get the exact number of longitudinal rods. In this case, we can also use building standards, if some values ​​do not fully correspond to the project.

At the same time in SNiP, you can find useful tables that allow you to determine the number of reinforcement needed for the foundation, depending on the diameter and total number of rods. Thus, it is possible to estimate preliminary the financial expenses on strengthening of the base.

Optimal reinforcement scheme

On the Internet, you can find a huge number of schemes for reinforcing foundations and other concrete structures, but you should pay attention to the simplest options, which certainly will not create problems for even novice builders.

Specialists often recommend reinforcement on a square or a rectangle. Accordingly, the width of the frame should not be more than half its height. It should be borne in mind that the strip foundation is often not very wide, but very long, so the base will be subjected to more longitudinal stretching. Thus, the vertical and transverse reinforcement elements are more constructive elements of the foundation.

Thus, if we chose rectangular reinforcement, then the height of the metal part of the foundation must be greater than the width. It turns out that we have 4 longitudinal lines of reinforcement. The number of transverse elements is not so important. The main thing is to make sure that the structure is reliable, and no deformation occurs when pouring concrete.

Specificity of reinforcement binding

Of course, the binding of reinforcement is an extremely important process, on which not only the reliability of the reinforcement depends, but also the overall geometric accuracy of the reinforcement location. Accordingly, if we unreliable fix the reinforcement, when pouring concrete, it can change its position. Moreover, this error will be extremely difficult to correct if the concrete is already poured and gaining strength. Often, two methods of binding the reinforcement are used:

• Using wire. Yes, indeed, for such events it is sufficient to use the most common wire, which binds the elements of the armature. Of course, for this we need to use a strong wire, which will not be damaged during bending. It is desirable to conduct a small test of the strength of the wire, since it is simply impossible to take risks when creating a foundation. Most often, for the tying of two or three armatures, about 30 cm of wire is required. It is certainly not worth saving on this matter.
• By welding. It is worth saying that welding for such work is used much less often, but there are certain advantages to this method of fixing the reinforcement. First of all, we get a reliable seam that will stand the weight of the concrete mix unequivocally. Moreover, this type of fastening makes it possible to be sure that the reinforcement does not move when pouring concrete.

There are also many other options for binding reinforcement. For example, electric hooks or a screwdriver with a special nozzle are often used.

In addition, some experts recommend the use of welding for joining reinforcement only in desperate situations, since this process somewhat worsens the reinforcing properties of the reinforcement.

Features of the reinforcement of the corners of the tape foundation

Specialists who deal with various construction projects, argue that reinforcing the corners of the foundation is the most difficult task, which creates many problems. In many building standards it is pointed out that in the corners the reinforcement, which performs the role of reinforcement, must be curved. Of course, very few people will deliberately bend the reinforcement for this process, therefore, often in construction, direct material is used.

It is reported that in this scenario, there is a high probability of cracks in the corners of the foundation, which subsequently creates many problems associated with the strength of the base and the entire structure.

Thus, there are two options for strengthening the corners of the foundation:

• Reinforcement with L-shaped reinforcement. In this case, a curved armature is used, you can use several elements at once, placing them overlapping. In this case, the reinforcement will be the most effective and reliable.
• Reinforcement with U-shaped reinforcement. Here everything is practically the same as in the case of the previous version of the fortification, but the U-shaped armature provides more reliability, although for this you will have to use more metal products.

It is unequivocally necessary to use a transverse reinforcement, which at the corners of the basement will add the areas of the whole presented structure. Moreover, this issue does not depend on what angle we have - straight, sharp or blunt.

Again, one should refer to construction standards, which indicate a lot of information directly about reinforcing the corners of the foundation. Indeed, there are many situations in which the corner of the foundation will have an original construction.

Other issues related to the reinforcement of the

ribbon foundation Before proceeding with the installation of the reinforcement in the ribbon foundation, several important issues that are unquestionably important in this process should be considered.

• Selection of fittings. As we have already said, when selecting reinforcement, attention should be paid to the diameter and other dimensions of the material. In this case, it is better not to use a smooth reinforcement at all. However, if necessary, smooth metallic products can be used as cross reinforcement. Separately, I would like to note that when mounting it is best to use the same armature. It is a question of whether one armature is used in the transverse joints of the structure, while in the longitudinal joints it is different, but in the same positions it is better to use the same type of products. In the event that the owners use reinforcement of different diameters, lengths and profiles, you may encounter problems. First of all, we are talking about the load on the base. If in some place the reinforcement is less strong, and the load on the foundation is too high, the base can become covered with cracks. Of course, this is not allowed.
• Specificity of mating reinforcement. We have already mentioned the most common ways of connecting reinforcement to create a reliable design. At the same time, do not forget that you do not need to combine the methods of connection. Moreover, the overwhelming number of cases use knitting with wire. It is enough just to stock up a large coil of material to reliably connect all the elements of reinforcement. In the event that the design reveals errors( perhaps even the smallest ones), the wire can simply be removed, or removed by cutting pliers, and then corrected the situation. In the case of welding, everything is much more complicated. To conduct high-quality welding work, money is needed. In addition, it is obvious that after this event, it will no longer be possible to change the location of reinforcement elements. In addition, as we have already said, experts in the construction industry strongly recommend that you refuse welding valves in favor of binding using wire.
• Overall strength of the structure. At first glance, the structure, consisting of reinforcement, can seem quite strong. Moreover, even small tests can demonstrate the excellent stability of the structure to deformations. Unfortunately, not everything is as simple as it might seem at first glance. For example, if concrete pouring occurs from a specialized transport( an auto mixer), problems associated with the stability of the reinforcement are quite possible. During casting, a strong set and the weight of the concrete mix can greatly affect the design. If in some places the wire fastening turned out to be rather weak, it will immediately manifest itself. Accordingly, in this situation, you either have to check each connection, or make concrete pouring by hand, doing everything to ensure that the reinforcing structure does not move by a millimeter.
• Material consumption. We have already considered the issue related to the required volumes of reinforcement. It is worth saying that many owners specifically use more reinforcement to make the foundation stronger. In fact, there is no positive effect from such actions, therefore, it is necessary to use the very minimum value of the number of reinforcement, which is stipulated in the building standards.