Porch of the house with your own hands

Want to build a porch on your own? No problem! Although the concrete, at least wooden, though metallic - choose any. In this case, the metal will be made with a beautiful polycarbonate roof.

Building a concrete porch

reliability, durability and overall solid construction.

We choose the dimensions

Usually the porch consists of several steps. Our task is to choose the best overall dimensions.

The optimum width of the stairs is 80-100 cm. If possible, the width should be increased - so the porch will be more comfortable and beautiful. Decrease is undesirable.

The permitted angle of inclination of the ladder is from 27 to 45 degrees.

Step width, mm	Step height, mm	Angle of incline, deg.
400	100	14
380	110	16
360	120	18
340	130	21
320	140	23
300	150	25
280	160	29
260	170	33
240	180	37
220	190	40
200	200	45

The width of the step is approximately equal to 25 cm, the height - 12-20 cm, depending on who will use the porch. Children and the elderly? We make the steps lower. Basically young and full of energy users? We can increase the height of the steps.

The top platform is arranged so that it is about 50 mm below the end of the entrance door.

Fill the foundation for the porch

The digging of the excavation along the perimeter of the future porch. Depth - from 50 cm.

We install the formwork along the perimeter of the foundation.

We fall asleep the bottom of the excavation with a 20-centimeter layer of gravel and compact it. Top with a 10-centimeter layer of sand. We shed water for the best tamping.

We cover the site with ruberoid. Lay the reinforcing mesh( the recommended size of the cells is 10x10 cm) and fill the concrete. The solution can be prepared by yourself. The proportions are standard:

• cement - 1 part;
• sand - 3 part;
• crushed stone - 5 parts.

Fill the concrete. Align the fill, pierce it with armature in several places to let out excess air. We leave the concrete for several days for a primary set of strength.

We install formwork

We build formwork for steps. For this we use thick plywood. The formwork height should be 20 cm higher than the height of the future porch.

The principle is simple: we cut the elements of the formwork along the height of each step and set them in the appropriate places. Between the shields we pull together with metal plates, wooden blocks or other suitable fasteners.

Important! Side shields need to be reinforced with additional stiffeners.

The steps must be reinforced. In this case, the reinforcement must be laid and installed in all three planes. Even more convenient option - to weld the frame in the form of a future staircase and build a formwork around it. Do as you like.

Fill steps

Lubricate the inner walls of the formwork with oil. Thanks to this in the future, we can remove it without much effort.

Pouring solution is prepared as well as the mixture for the foundation-site.

Stairs are poured step by step, from the first stage. We give each step a little to dry, and only then we fill in the next one. In this case, you need to install additional formwork elements from the front of the steps. The length of these elements must correspond to the width of the ladder. We make the height as high as the step itself.

Important! The form side, in contact with concrete, should be as smooth as possible.

Filled concrete is carefully leveled and pierced by reinforcement in several places.

We remove the formwork at least 7-10 days later. In the end, we can only finish the steps. We can polish them with stone or tiles, lay the wooden boards and perform any other decoration at our discretion.

We install the rail as desired. The height of the handrails is from 90 cm. You can use the following option. It is also suitable for metal and wooden porch( in this case we will replace the metal elements with wooden ones).

We install in the lower and upper part of the porch support posts made of metal pipes. The length should preferably be chosen so that the slope of the rails corresponds to the slope of the staircase. We connect the upper and lower ends of the pillars with pipes of slightly smaller cross-section. We use welding.

The upper pipe will take over the functions of the handrail. To fill the space between our pipes, we use any rolling. Elements are installed with any gap. In this moment everything depends entirely on your preferences and imagination.

After installation of the structure, we clean out the metal elements and ground them in 2 layers. This treatment will increase the lifespan of the handrail.

Metallic porch with polycarbonate roof

This porch will perfectly match almost any house.

We make the foundation

In general, the foundation is arranged in the same way as in the case of a concrete porch, with only one difference: at this stage it is necessary to install supports for a future visor.

Supports are better to install in each corner of the future visor - so the design will be as stable as possible. If the porch is large, we make supports along the length of its walls with a step of no more than 2 m.

A swarm of pits approximately one and a half meters deep for each support. With the role of the pillars, metal pipes will be able to do fine. We put the pipe into the pit and fill it with concrete.

Also supports can be made from a bursa. The procedure is the same, but beforehand the lower part of the bar must be wrapped with a roofing felt or tarred and additionally impregnated with an antiseptic.

At the same stage, we set the supports for the future ladder. Similarly, digging pits, we put in them metal racks and pour concrete. It is unlikely that the porch will have too long a ladder, so it will be sufficient to install the supports at the bottom and top of the structure. For greater confidence, we can install them in the middle of the span.

Further order, up to the stage of pouring concrete, remains the same as in the instructions for the arrangement of the platform for the concrete porch.

At the stage of pouring concrete we take into account that we will have to drown the staircase in the solution somewhat. We fill it up not to the very top of the platform - we leave approximately 100-300 mm gap( depending on the dimensions of the constructed structure and its features).

Then, after installing the metal structure, we will fill the pit to the very top.

Cook the ladder

We take two metal channels. We weld them to the previously installed supports. In the future we will weld to these products rolling for steps.

We take an equal-angled metal corner. Cut it under the selected length of the steps, increased by the length of the weld. Weld the metal corner along the contour.

Next, take the second piece of the corner and weld it along the contour to the already fixed corner. Then weld the second corner to the channel. In the same way, we attach the corners to both channels.

We get the products in the form of the letter G. We connect them together. At the top, we connect these T-elements with an equal-angle corner. For this we weld it along the contour to both products, placing the shelves inside. To connect the bottom of the steps we use a similar corner, but we place it already with the shelves outwards.

is welded. For filling the steps we can use different material, for example, wood and plywood. Mounting is performed using self-tapping screws, screwing them from the underside. For additional fastening of wooden elements we use silicone and usual glue.

staircase manufacturing variant. In general, make the finishing of the staircase at your own discretion. If you want, you can not seal the horizontal openings, but simply mount the paneling directly on the steps.

Doing the visor

are installed. We have mounted the frames for the frame even at the stage of foundation construction. Then we work in this order.

are installed. We install cross supports according to the dimensions of the frame. If desired, we can make a canopy curved shape. To do this, it is enough to cut the profile in steps of about 4 cm and bend it to the desired level. Plus, the curved canopy is that it will not retain sediments and various debris.

We lay polycarbonate on the frame and fix it with self-tapping screws. We maintain the fastening step equal to 300 mm. The edges are glued. On this canopy is ready.

Wooden porch

Building the foundation

The pile foundation is the best solution for the wooden front porch. Such a foundation is simple and fast in arrangement, but at the same time very reliable.

Digging pits at the pile points - at the corners of the future porch and along the length of its faces in steps of 80-100 cm. The depth of such pits is from 80 cm. Optimal - below the freezing point of the ground.

We process the support beam with an antiseptic, wrap it with a ruberoid, and then insert it into the pits. Fill the vertical aligned beam in the pits with concrete.

Let the concrete solidify and proceed to further activities.

Mount the logs

If necessary, cut the tops of the bar so that all the piles are at the same level. The height of the poles is calculated so that after laying the area between it and the entrance door there is approximately a 5-cm height difference.

We fix the logs to the supports and the wall of the house in a suitable way( self-tapping, dowels, etc., depending on the material of the wall).

Making a kosur( string)

We begin to make the bearing part of the staircase. To her we will fasten the steps. That is, the bowstring is the side face of the steps.

For the manufacture of bowstring we use wooden boards with a thickness of 5 cm. Take the board and draw the steps on it. We cut out the blanks with a jigsaw or saw.

We fasten the bowstring with the lugs by connecting the spike-groove.

We design the platform and steps

Screws or nails to the lagging boards plating the site. If you want we put some finish on top of the boards - we focus on our preferences.

We attach to a string of risers and treads. We start working from the bottom step. The order is simple: we fix the step, we fix the tear and so on to the end. For fixing, we use self-tapping screws or a spike-groove joint.

Handrail and a visor equip at own discretion. Instructions for installing these elements have been given earlier. The sequence remains similar, it is only necessary to replace the support elements and the skin parts with similar products made of wood or other preferred material.

Good work!

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