Electrical wiring in the apartment: schemes, rules and the algorithm works

Today, the load on the old electric wires have increased several times. This is due to the fact that in almost every apartment are many items of household appliances. Older wiring can not always withstand such a load. Electrical wiring in an apartment requires some knowledge of drawing schemes, as well as compliance with certain rules. Therefore, in order to perform this operation on their own need to become familiar with all its nuances.

Rules wiring harness in the apartment

Any construction activity is regulated by the relevant documents, approved by the state. This also applies to the huge variety of materials used in a particular case. To date, as the regulations stand GOST and SNIP. In turn, any work related to electricity, is subject to the Regulations for Electrical Installation (PUE).

Before working with the mains need to thoroughly examine all the items specified in SAE. Special attention is recommended to pay the paragraph, which describes the features of the installation and selection of electrical equipment. Consider the basic rules for the electrical installation in the apartment.

All important elements of the electrical equipment must be kept in view. They need to provide quick and easy access. When installing the circuit breakers it is recommended to take into account the height of their location (floor). In accordance with this index should be between 50 to 150 cm. Location of switches is selected in such a way that the open door does not cause inconvenience in use. supply wiring to switches from the top downwards.

Minimum recommended height socket arrangement is 50 cm, and the maximum - 80 cm. This rule protects the appliances from the water in case of flooding the apartment. Rosette necessary to have at points which are at a sufficient distance (at least 50 cm) from the gas stoves. The same distance must be to radiators, pipes and other objects equipped with grounding. wiring inlet to an outlet from the bottom upwards. These rules must necessarily be taken into account in the preparation of electrical plan.

Note! The number of outlets on the basis of the quadrature can be detected in the same room. There is one rule, using which you can determine the necessary number easily. According to him, one should account for the product on the area of ​​6 m².

However, this method is not suitable for determining the number of outlets in the kitchen. For the room of their number is assigned individually and depends on the number of household electrical appliances. As for the toilet, the installation of sockets in it is prohibited. The bathroom is allowed to install these products, but they require an individual transformer.

When installing the wiring in the apartment needs to know that this operation can be carried concealed or open method. In the first case the cable is placed in Stroebe inside the wall, and the second - from the outside. She gasket made strictly vertically or horizontally, and its location should be fixed at a general level.

At arrangement of wiring is necessary to observe the distance of pipelines and floors. For lines laid in a horizontal plane to the ceiling recommended distance is 10 cm. For them, the same distance to the eaves or floor joists must be at least 15 cm. In addition, a horizontal line must be installed at a certain distance from the floor (15 cm).

For lines, which are mounted vertically, as there are certain rules. For example, the distance from the door or window opening must be at least 10 cm. As well as the vertical wires must be installed at a distance of 40 cm from the gas communications.

It is very important to post electricians, make sure that the cables are not touching any metal in walls or outside. If necessary, several parallel installation (with respect to each other) of wires therebetween is required to observe a distance of 3 mm. Such cables may come into contact, but this they are placed in special protective tube - kilting.

When wiring harness to shield their joints carefully insulated. It is important to remember that the docking of copper and aluminum cables is prohibited. To establish a connection is accepted to use bolts. This method is used for grounding and neutral conductors.

Installation electricians in apartment: Milestones

Having a clear plan, in a residential area of ​​electrical wiring can be done not only faster but also cheaper. This event includes 5 main stages:

1. The development of electrical circuits in the apartment.
2. Preparation of a plan layout of electrical wiring, as well as its approval and registration (along with the scheme).
3. Construction of makeshift repair.
4. Wiring.
5. Automates, sockets, switches and the necessary appliances.

Note! Before proceeding with the assembly operations, you need to take care of providing the protective earth. For security purposes, you can vanishing. Direct electrical wiring in the house is done at the last stage, when you are installing all the necessary arrangements.

The savings in this case takes place. For example, it is possible to perform some actions on its own mounting. Experts do not recommend to save on finance equipment or appliances. All necessary mechanisms should be as good quality as cheap production may fail after a short time.

What is the wiring diagram of the apartment

Modern electrical wiring is a very complex exercise that requires professional knowledge and skills. To perform this operation it is best to attract qualified technician. If you need to make a wiring harness in a new building, it is recommended to make a drawing, which will contain all the important facilities on electricity. It is very convenient to carry out before the renovation. Key projects related to electricity:

• sockets;
• switches;

• lamps, chandeliers and other lighting fixtures;
• electrical shield to the device (RCD).

The specialist must make a scheme with all the necessary wishes of the owners and the individual characteristics of the home layout. The main work of the master is to be divided into separate cable line that will function effectively. This task requires proper load distribution, as well as the organization of control and protection systems Electricity in the apartment.

Before you start compiling a drawing or plan it is recommended to examine the purpose and features of all the individual components of the power supply elements. Machines which protect the network against overload and located in an electrical panel, are a very important component of this system. Their competent installation depends on how the grid will function as well as its safety.

Connect the supply electric current to various points should be properly matched. They may have a different cross-section. The choice of this indicator is made individually. Sockets and switches must be equipped with reliable contacts.

Electrical wiring in the home has some features. In particular, to the above elements added one more - an introductory machine. From it supplied power cable to the shield. Its main function - the regulation of power in the network. If necessary, this element is able to turn off the power.

How to perform a wiring cable in the apartment: an example

Control of the supply network is simplified if it has several directions. The division of power on the line allows you to turn off one of them and use the other when necessary. The most common variant of the wiring, which accounted for 4 areas:

• kitchen;
• bathroom;
• Large home appliances;
• lighting system.

Helpful information!In some cases, laying wiring in the apartment arrangement allows for a separate cable (eg washing machines). This is due to the fact that the old system can not withstand the voltage, which requires modern technology.

Each of these 4 directions has its own features layout. Also, there are certain rules that must be followed during the installation of electrical elements in the kitchen or in the bathroom. Experts recommend to get acquainted with the arrangement of each line in more detail. This will form an idea of ​​how to make the wiring is correct.

Electrical wiring in the kitchenWhat You Need to Know

In most cases on a kitchen line the main load in the power supply. Explain this is simple: in the kitchen there is a large number of appliances. Fridge, dishwasher, Washing machine, microwave and other appliances connected to the network and consume a lot of electricity. In addition to the large household appliances, most families use electric grills, Multivarki, toasters and so on. D.

It is worth to remember one important rule, which tells us that it is recommended the installation of individual machines in the control panel for the most powerful appliances. It is best to perform a separate electrical connection, since the common line can simply not withstand the simultaneous use of several large appliances.

If the appliance to the powerful hold a separate cable, then it is possible to use several units of home appliances at the same time without fear that the network will not sustain the load.

Installation and connection sockets on the network in the kitchen requires knowledge of certain rules. They are not recommended to place closer than 0,5 meters to the gas plate. Cabling also requires compliance with the distance to the plate and gas pipes (not less than 40 cm). Do not forget about heating radiator. You can not have the power points and wires in close proximity to the battery. Compliance with these rules will enable competently carry out the electrics in the kitchen.

Electrical wiring in the bathroom: the basic rules

Location of electrical appliances in the bathroom and the toilet requires greater attention on the part of the master. This is due to the fact that these premises have a high level of humidity. In order to protect the grid, it is necessary to examine a number of important rules and guidelines that will help you to competent assembly line.

The first thing to remember is that absolutely forbidden to place a junction box in the bathroom. It should be installed outside wet areas. The ideal location for this is considered to be in a hallway panel. For the design of electricians in the bath is recommended to consult a specialist.

The second point that should be remembered: for each electrical appliance, whether it's washing machine or dryer, you need to equip a separate outlet. It is advisable to indicate the manner in which the wiring is carried out, all the electrical appliances in the bathroom, as well as in terms of their connection.

Helpful information! Currently, there is the possibility of acquiring damp proof sockets fitted with a lid and a seal which prevents penetration of moisture to contact and oxidation.

It is strictly prohibited to have the switch in the bathroom. It is usually mounted on the outside, not far from the front door (for convenience).

Related article:

Rosette: how to connect electrical fittings without any professional assistance

Description of the preparatory activities and installation technology. Handling the power supply and the safety requirements.

When installing the electrics in the apartment with his hands need to pay attention to the wiring of the cable in a wet basement. The best option would be a place of its location near the ceiling at the top of the wall. Experts recommend that the cord is positioned parallel to the floor. To protect the cable in this case using a special corrugated tube. Fixtures in the bathroom are selected individually. Standard devices, which correspond to the voltage of 220 V, it is best to replace the low-power equivalents 12 V.

Bathroom is also required to pick up the wiring. For small electrical cables must be used, whose cross section is 2.5 mm. For large household appliances are best to bring the wire diameter of 4 mm.

electrical wiring in the apartment: Large home appliances

Home appliances that consume large amounts of electricity, often located in Vannes room and the kitchen. When installing electrical overall there are a number of rules which should adhere to.

Experts do not recommend to mount the socket in such a way that they covered appliances. They should be placed in a conspicuous place for easy access. The most viable option is to install a waterproof model, equipped with a lid. In drafting the apartment electricity is necessary to fix the point, which will be the overall apparatus.

During repairs need to make a separate connection of the kitchen area. In the future, this will allow for the replacement of electrical devices without shutting down the entire apartment from the network. Especially this option is suitable for kitchens, including built-in appliances. This is due to the fact that such devices are connected in tight spaces, so the repair can take a long time.

Electrical wiring in the apartment: Lighting group

To date, there is the possibility of organizing one or more lighting lines. Choosing their number depends on the number of devices that produce light, located in the home. For example, if the living room has a powerful chandelier, which includes 6 lampshades, and in the bedroom lamps 1-2, then everything can be connected in a single line.

As an inverse example, consider the room, lit by a chandelier not only, but also point lighting fixtures, as well as other elements, such as lighting for furniture. For such facilities require a separate line organization.

Note!During the design phase wiring is necessary to clearly define the number of lighting devices, calculate their power. On the basis of these data, the decision on whether to divide the lighting line into two or more directions is necessary. This information is also necessary to fix general terms.

It is worth noting that in some cases, in addition to lighting, the network one of the rooms contains a transformer. In this situation it is necessary to make such connection to the direction of individual units of automatic protection.

Wiring diagram of the apartment: Variants of connection of elements to circuits

Drafting of electrical wiring diagrams in the living room - a serious challenge. A person engaged in such work, must clearly understand the basics of electrical engineering and possess certain skills. Therefore, it is not recommended to take on this matter, if you are not confident in their abilities. Errors in the scheme may lead to serious consequences. Most fires are now is due to faults in the wiring.

It is best to entrust the work on the scheme by qualified electricians. For self-realization of this process should not only have knowledge in this area, but also to know what options there are circuits connections. Consider these methods in more detail.

Consistent. In this case, each of the elements of the electrical circuit follows the previous one. Series connection is made without the organization of nodal joints, as indicated in the wiring diagram of wiring in the apartment. An example of such a method may be conventional Christmas garland, which includes a light bulb, which are located on one line and running one after the other. It is worth to remember that this method has some drawbacks. For example, all the rest also be disconnected in the event of failure of one element.

Parallel. This embodiment differs from the previous one in that the elements that make up the electrical circuit, not joined together. They have a parallel arrangement and are grouped into two separate nodes. Thus, if one line fails, the second will continue to operate normally.

Combined. This method is also called mixed, as it allows for the use of both the serial and parallel connection of electrical circuit elements. This wiring diagram is used in the house is not as common as the previous two.

How to organize the wiring harness: the main types of

Before starting the installation work is necessary to determine the version of the electrical cable wiring in the room, whereby the circuit wiring will be performed at home or apartment. From this choice depends on how the circuit will function, so it is advisable to consult with an expert, versed in this matter. As of today, you can find three main types of wiring.

With the electrical panel. Connecting elements by electrical components such method is most common. Junction box in this case, is set in a prepared niche on the landing.

Inside the shield is placed the electric meter and circuit breakers aimed at protection of the system against overload. From the junction box cable wires in the home. Its cross-section must comply with the standard. Later it produced electrical wiring. In building such an operation is easiest to perform.

Each room in this case is equipped with a junction box. Its adoption positioned at the entrance to the room (above the switch). It is through the use of such boxes produced power to all appliances in the room.

"Star". This type of cabling allows for the existence of separate lines for each appliance (socket, switch and so on. D.). All of them are connected directly to the switch board. Having a separate switch for each is not a cable line requirement, however, is very common.

Note!Option "star" is the most expensive. This is due to increased number of wiring required, the need to acquire more capacious flap. Do not forget about the mounting cost of cabling in the apartment.

Despite the high cost of this type of layout is the most convenient and reliable. Option "star" realizes the possibility of individual control. So you can disable an individual element, while all other devices will function. This type is often used for electrical wiring in buildings. Price is not an obstacle in the case when it comes to the safety of residents.

"Plume". The last type of wiring, in which there are similarities to the embodiment of a "star". The main difference lies in the fact that one cable line may account for some electrical appliances. Accordingly, in this case the cost of the system is reduced, since its organization requires less material, time and energy.

wiring type is determined individually in accordance with the scheme drawn him. On the Internet you can find a program for calculating the electrical circuits, allow yourself to perform this operation in the shortest possible time.

It is important to remember that the second and third types are often combined. This helps to reduce financial costs and increase the capabilities of the system. Maximum efficiency and safety of the tenants - the main objectives to be achieved during the wiring installation.

Independent drafting and circuit wiring harness

The first thing to do before starting the installation of electrical wiring, - draw up a draft, which takes into account all the steps of action, and circuit wiring. Project Independent compilation is not recommended, since it depends on future performance, and security of the system. Professional cope with this business much faster and, most importantly, quality.

In the case of self-preparation of power supply scheme for the apartment will need to learn the fundamentals and understand the features of this system. And also necessary to make the overall drawing which includes all elements (without exception), and carry out the calculation load on the network.

In all electric circuit elements which are part of the system, indicated by a special notation. This allows maximum transfer succinctly on paper communication, including the devices. In order to avoid confusion, it is recommended in advance to write all the symbols and their decoding.

Using the notation must be applied to the wiring diagram in a house or flat point, which will house electrical appliances. It is important to remember that such a document was drawn up in order to mark the place on the paper mounting sockets, switches and light fixtures, as well as the connecting wiring.

Note! Before you begin creating circuits, you must determine the number of household appliances, as well as to designate a place for each instrument. Otherwise socket arrangement may be configured incorrectly.

After marking key points need to be noted in the diagram apartment wiring cable path. This will require you select connections of individual elements in the circuit and the type of wiring harness. Experts advise for convenience divide the wiring in the room into separate zones:

• coverage area (hallway, kitchen, living room and separate - for bathrooms);
• supply area (divided into three groups: the hallway and living room, kitchen and separate - for electric cookers).

This option is one of many possible ways of electrification of an apartment or private house. It should be noted that today we can make a diagram with the help of a special program for electricians.

If necessary, refer to the person who will make individual scheme, the most suitable under the specific circumstances of the housing. The separation zone allows to combine the separate appliances and wiring and arrange them that will help to save material during installation.

In order to simplify the installation of cables in the room, it is recommended to make the wiring harness on the floor (for example, in the oral plinth) or below. All lines must be designated in the diagram as a dotted line.

Among other things, it is necessary to perform the calculation of the individual materials, and determine the strength of the current in the system. For this purpose there are special formulas. As a rule, the current in the modern residential area does not exceed the figure of 25 A. Using this option, you need to choose the materials that will meet the requirements of the system.

Wiring diagram apartments should contain information on the length of the cable. The length of the wire is determined by the usual roulette. By the final figure it is recommended to add 3 meters stock.

All cables are connected to the lighting boards, which often feature in the hallway near the door. It also includes an RCD, which is subdivided into 2 types: 16 and 20 A. In the first case, the circuit breaker is responsible for the lighting and switches, and the second - for the outlet. When connecting a separate electric stoves installed another type of RCD - 32 A.

In order to complete the circuit, it is necessary to count the number of outlets and switch boxes. The final step will be entering in the electrical circuit flat supporting material (insulating tape, corrugated pipe, and so on. D.).

Wiring in the apartment: Calculation of materials

Once the circuit is ready wiring, you need to calculate the materials to be used during installation. The first step is to calculate the number of cables, since they supply electric current that allows the devices to operate in the normal mode.

In order to calculate the yardage of wires to be used when installing wiring in an apartment, you should take into account several factors:

• the number of sockets and switches;
• the number of lighting products;
• site installation of electrical appliances.

Next, measure the distance to each electrical point (from the junction box). Meters determined using a construction of the roulette. Data obtained during the measurement, it is indicated in terms of electrical wiring in the apartment, and then folded.

Helpful information!The total number of wiring experts recommend adding 10 to 15% of the stock. This need stems from the fact that often the various unforeseen situations occur during installation.

During operation, the electrical wire is heated. Because of this, they should not be located in one place in large numbers. One should always pay attention to the standards that are prescribed by the regulations governing power. Often when installing the required arrangement of parallel wiring with twists and turns.

Modern three-core cables have a structure in which a core material protrudes copper. The aluminum wiring is used in an apartment is very rare, because copper is a suitable material and corresponds to the current standards. Wire size is selected individually depending on the rated power indicator on the system. In order to find the right section, you can use one of the tables on the Internet.

Standard variant - use cable whose cross section is 2.5 mm (for supplying electric current to sockets). In turn, make-up lighting by using 1.5-mm wire. After the calculation of the required number of wiring can proceed to the calculation of the required number of other materials:

• sockets and switches;
• lighting fixtures;
• distribution boxes;
• protecting tubes (corrugated);
• cable channels;
• terminals and anchorages.

The correct calculation of all necessary materials will simplify the work on the arrangement of the wiring in an apartment with his hands. In order to protect themselves against power surges in the electrical system, you should buy a special stabilizer. Today, you can choose a powerful device that can cover the needs of the entire apartment or divided areas of influence by setting a few small models.

What cable to choose to organize the wiring in an apartment?

Modern electronics market is able to surprise any consumer a variety of devices, cables, and other elements used in the installation of electricity. Today it is possible to purchase several varieties of wires foreign and domestic production.

NYM. Expensive option, which is produced by the German company. A high degree of safety, and may include from 1 to 5 conductors. However, the disadvantage of this cable is that it does not have sufficient resistance to moisture. In addition, the outer shell of the wire is made of PVC, which makes it vulnerable to the effects of ultraviolet radiation.

Note! NYM cable is not recommended to install in places not protected from direct sunlight. Also, it is not advised to be used to organize electrical wiring in a wooden house.

VVG. This cable is quite expensive, but its insulating properties are superior to other domestic counterparts. It consists of a single strand, which is an advantage for installation inside the walls. This cable is used most often during installation or replacement of electrical wiring in an apartment with his hands.

SPAP. This cable includes at 2 or 3 copper wires. The outer protective shell of the wire is made of PVC, it is not recommended to install it in locations that are not protected from the sun's rays. It costs cheaper than other analogs. However, for self-assembly is not necessary to buy the cable as its gasket more time-consuming compared with the arrangement of VVG (due to stiffness).

Keep in mind that the choice of wire depends not only efficiency, but also the service life of the entire system. Therefore it is necessary to calculate whether it is suitable for a specific power cable before buying.

Electrical wiring in the house with his own hands: Tools and materials

Before you start wiring, to purchase all the materials and prepare the appropriate tools. Primarily need to punch. With it shtroblenie channels is performed under the future wiring. And should prepare the following tips for the gun:

• drill for work on concrete (16-20 mm);
• type drill crown (90-100 mm);

• Concrete chisel (25-30 mm);
• set of drills.

Rules allow for the use laying electrical wiring and other tools. For example, the need to Bulgarian equipped range, allowing to carry out the work in stone. Also need to purchase a soldering tool, an indicator to determine the phases and versatile The electric meter.

Auxiliary tools include cutting pliers, which must have insulated handles, mounting a knife, a flashlight. Among other things, require the building and the level of the cord, as well as tools for finishing channel (spatula).

Wiring in the apartment: preparatory stage

Electrical wiring in the room can be done alone. The main thing is to adhere to, - to comply with the rules of installation and safety. From Master requires not only an understanding of the foundations of the field, but also knowledge of the nuances of working.

Note!When replacing old wiring to the new, you must first find and remove old cables. In order to find these lines, you can use the sensor wiring.

Preparatory work includes several steps. Initially should perform on the walls of the markup corresponding to future channels with wires. Marking the walls it is performed in accordance with all the necessary cables placement rules. It is important that all actions have been thought out in advance, and are indicated in the project electricians. The apartment should be a sufficient number of electrical appliances that meet the needs of the owners.

After marking the lines marking points made, which will be installed appliances, namely, switches, sockets, junction box and lighting.

When the electrical wiring in new panel is located in a special niche. In turn, in the buildings of the old sample box is mounted on a wall. Of course, you can do your own niche, but it will complicate the work of electrical wiring. At the end of the markup, you can proceed directly to the installation work.

Installation of new wiring in the apartment: Shtroblenie walls

Before you begin to channel organization under the cables, you must remember that they must be straight. Shtroblenie performed only in the horizontal and vertical planes. This is due to the fact that the diagonal elements are made much more difficult, so that this work can lead to injury.

In the case of a horizontal arrangement of the channel under the ceiling is required to observe the distance specified in construction standards, namely 50 cm. Shtroblenie quite a force to each person and is done easily by hand. Wiring in the flat stretch of the flap.

Consider the sequence of actions when shtroblenie. The first step is to put the channel by grinders. This operation is performed strictly according to the markup. Next, using a gun equipped with a chisel, is performed the desired groove width. For smooth bends the line is necessary to carry out slanting cuts in the corners. It uses Bulgarian.

At the next step is to drill a small niche in the wall, which will be used by the socket. To do this, head to the hammer is replaced by the core bit. It is important to remember that with the help of this tool performs the hole in the brick walls. For concrete surfaces suitable and conventional bit which does not deteriorate in contact with the valve during the organization of the apartment electricity.

The recess designed under R ™ £ y counter is also performed by the chisels. It is worth noting that the experts do not advise to use a double Stroebe in organizing holes for switches. The best option in this case is the acquisition of a corrugated tube which will contain both wires.

Helpful information! When working with a hammer is necessary to prepare a convenient and reliable support which is able to withstand the weight of the person. For this purpose, suitable ladder with side abutment members. it is recommended not to use the usual ladder, as it may fall over.

Separately it is necessary to make out the nuances of the wiring in an apartment on the ceiling. Today, there are 3 popular ways to organize lines on the surface. The first method takes into account the masking of cables by means of suspended ceilings. Second Embodiment - organization shallow groove with its subsequent decoration.

The third method has some nuances. It takes into account the location of the cable in a ceiling. For prefabricated buildings used ceilings with internal voids, so the wire can be simply pulled through one of them, making two holes (input and output).

At the end of shtrobleniya in the walls need to perform coherent openings between rooms. This work is also performed using the punch. For maximum stealth through holes in the corners of the room organized. Then it is necessary to perform a cable extending from the box of the lighting panel. Wiring in the apartment with his hands to run in protective gear (goggles and gloves).

Installation electricians: the installation of the lighting panel

Once for wiring channels are ready, you can begin the installation of guard in charge of lighting. In this case, there are two installation options: in niche or wall. The panel must be present RCD, which number depends on the number of devices in the home.

For a clear explanation shield design experts divide it into three conditional parts: upper, middle and lower. The first one should contain zero terminals. Below grounding terminals are mounted, and in the middle part of the circuit breakers are located. Fitting location of this construction it is indicated in terms of electricians. The flat wire cable VVG (5x6 and 2x6) to lighting boards.

Connecting cables to the junction box produced with the participation of an electrician. Therefore, at this stage we do not need to do this kind of work. The wires that connect to lighting boards are multi-colored exterior markings, which allows them to correctly connect to the desired point. For example, cable, colored in yellow with green stripes, is joined to the ground. In turn, the blue is connected to zero, and white - to the upper contact of the RCD.

Further it is necessary sequentially to connect the circuit breakers. This operation is made by jumper relating to white cable. Connection chain machines made from above.

Mounting external wiring in an apartment: An algorithm of actions

In order to hold the cables open way, you need to install cable channels. Installation of these elements is made on the markup, prepared earlier. The most suitable one such channel arrangement is skirting area or, conversely, a place in the ceiling.

In order to fix the duct, it is necessary to prepare the screws. Their step must be approximately 0.5 m. The process is made secure channel is quite simple. It is necessary to step back from the edges of 5 to 10 cm and make a hole. Then, using the punch or drill to drill a hole in the wall and insert the plug. It remains only to fix him a box - and you're done.

Helpful information! Open wiring has other features that relate to the basic appliances: sockets, switches, etc... During installation of such elements are arranged on the wall surface, but not inside the wells.

The next stage involves wiring open wiring. This process has some distinctive features, it is worth paying attention to. All work is done in accordance with the scheme of the wiring harness. The first step is to reach the main line from the socket to the lighting boards.

It is important to remember that for the construction of the main highway used VVG 3h2,5 cable. In order to avoid confusion, experts recommend to mark the wire, indicating their function. The next thing you need to do - lend to the distribution board line of switches and lighting elements. For this purpose different diameter wire (3x1.5).

It is important to pick up the cables to the correct section. This will allow the safe and efficient electrical wiring in an apartment with his hands. Scheme in this case is a tip on which are made assembly work.

Wiring to the lighting boards produced using caps Sizov. All connections are on a mandatory basis should be fitted with reliable isolation in accordance with safety regulations. Next, you need to connect a cable to the main lighting boards and check all the wires through the tester. Then you need to call the electrician (to connect the system to the shield).

Installation of interior wiring and its verification

Concealed wiring layout has a lot to do with the external method. The main difference of this method lies in the arrangement of the wires in such a way that they are not visible to the eye. This event has a clear sequence of actions that must be followed when wiring electrician in a private home or apartment.

First to Install lighting boxes and circuit breakers. Then it is necessary to conduct lead-in cable from the electrical panel. As is the case with the external wiring, it is not necessary to connect yourself. For this work also requires an electrician.

The next step is required to drill wells in which are mounted Enclosures. The same operation must be done with the junction boxes indoors. Upon completion of these works can proceed directly to the electrical wiring in the apartment. The price of this arrangement turnkey systems (for new buildings) can be different and depends on the number of rooms. For example, for a total cost of one-bedroom apartment ranges from 25 to 35 thousand. rubles, and for one-bedroom -. about 30-45 thousand. rub.

Note! Self-assembly can save finances, but power supply organization - not only responsible, but also a dangerous task. Therefore, if you are not confident in their abilities, it is better to use the services of a specialist.

Many people are interested in the question of how to carry out the wiring in an apartment a hidden way. Wiring begins with the pull main line for which to prepare VVG carried out beforehand. diameter of the cable must comply with the operational requirements. It is recommended to use a cable with a cross section 3h2,5.

The inner lining can be made in the floor. In this case, the cables are laid in corrugated protective shell, which is held to electric appliances. Further, wire is drawn and placed in the Escutcheon. Then you need to run the cables with a cross section of 3x1.5 switches and light fixtures to the junction box. Thereafter, their junction with the main line using Siza and insulation.

The above procedure is suitable for the wiring harness in the new building, and for the organization of a new system to replace the old. The final step is to test the network using multitester and its connection to the lighting box. Upon completion of the work is only an electrician to connect the system to the shield.

Design software wiring in the apartment

Today, there are a lot of programs, the use of which allows to create a wiring diagram. Among them are several graphical editors are most popular among users.

Autocad. One of the most popular programs that lets you draw your own diagram of the apartment. At this point in the internet you can find many versions of the software, and there are both paid and free samples. The benefits of this program include simple and intelligible interface, as well as the use of the Russian language.

Visio. This program is excellent in the case where you need to perform drawing for the electrical circuit. Beginners electricians exactly it is used most often because it is simple to use and has a user-friendly interface. On the Internet you can find a free version of the software easily. The disadvantage of the program is limited functionality.

Eagle. Such software is used for drawing a single line drawings such as electrical wiring. Functionality of this product can operate in two modes: manual and automatic. You can use the free version of the program if desired. To produce an electrical circuit is better to buy the paid version, as it includes more features.

Elf. User-friendly software that was designed for people involved in the design installation in apartments and private homes. The advantages of this system include built-in database, which contains all the necessary electrical components.

Helpful information! If necessary, you can draw a diagram online. To do this, use the search bar of your browser and go to one of the many sites providing this service.

Independent calculation and installation of power - a complex undertaking. However, in this case, you can significantly reduce the final cost of the electrical wiring in the apartment. Before starting work, it is required to study the basic principles of this system, building codes, safety regulations. During the electrical wiring is strictly forbidden to deviate from the algorithm works.