Motion detectors to turn on the light: energy savings

Initially, the motion tracking devices are used to protect a variety of objects and territories. Today, many people prefer the apartment or house to install motion sensors to turn on lights, which are not only provide ease of use of lighting, but also can significantly save electricity. What are the different kinds of sensors and how to install the device, it will be discussed in this article.

That represent motion sensors to turn on the light

Motion sensor box contains the plastic circular or rectangular shape, the central part which is a window covered with a special plastic matte film, which is called lens Fresnel. The material is sensitive enough, therefore, requires careful installation and careful operation. Through the window with the help of infrared waves is performed tracking motion of an object in the control zone.

How does the motion sensor? The principle of its action is in the closure of the main circuit at the time of capturing the slightest movement in the control sector. Field of view is limited not only by the angle of the device, but also the range of the sensor perception.

The device detects the infrared radiation level. In the case of an object in its control zone, which has an elevated temperature, the sensor perceives several pulses acting on the circuit, the light is switched as a result. Once the stop has a pulse, the circuit is broken and the electricity is switched off.

Important!The motion sensor is characterized by the presence of the sensor so that the latter will react even to a draft or a small rodent, including with the lighting.

Sensors to turn the light in a wide range that allows the use of a certain type in a particular situation. Increased safety device object, are therefore indispensable element for the security system.

motion detectors to turn on lights are characterized by certain advantages. They allow you to largely save electricity. Devices provide maximum ease of use of lighting. Eliminating the need to search for the switch in the dark. They can operate on AC or be wireless, are used to include not only lighting but also TV, stereo, coffee maker and other appliances.

The disadvantages of these smart devices should include their high cost. When installing motion sensors to turn on the light you need to select the right place, which will ensure a maximum range of action, and strictly abide by certain rules of installation.

Important!Wrong approach to installing devices have a negative impact on the effectiveness of their work, causing errors in operation.

Types of motion sensors to turn on the light according to different criteria

Depending on the installation location of light sensors can be designed for street and premises. Street lamp, equipped with detector motion to activate light, has a wide working range, reaching 500 m. Some expensive models are characterized by greater sensitivity. Such devices exhibit increased susceptibility to temperature fluctuations. Outdoor motion detectors to turn on lights equipped with protection degree ІP44-ІP65.

The domestic appliance is designed to work indoors. It is not protected from changes in temperature, so it can not be installed on the street.

The sensor can be external or integrated. The first embodiment is mounted via brackets at any different design. Distinguish overhead for the walls and ceiling, which are installed on the ceiling. Recessed motion sensor installed in a switch box or may be integrated into furniture.

Important!There are multi-function devices, motion detectors, and presented areas of illumination.

Depending on the type of power distinguish between devices operating from the mains, battery or batteries. As sensors are single station apparatus where the receiver and transmitter installed in one place, on-off (elements mounted in the different zones) and multiposition representing a system with several transmitters and receivers, disposed in different places.

Based on the operating principle, emit infrared, ultrasonic, and microwave motion sensors combined.

Characteristics of ultrasonic motion detectors for lighting

The operating principle of the ultrasonic probe type motion based on the capture of the reflected signal at the ultrasound radiation. Sensor Activation occurs when the switching signal.

Inside the construction is located ultrasound generator, characterized by a frequency of 20-60 kHz. The receiver receives the reflected ultrasound. In the event of motion in the field of action of the sensor due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the signal varies. Data processing is performed vibrations and operates the actuator on exceeding a specified level.

Such sensors can operate in all weather conditions, which makes it possible to install the device outside to the yard lighting. The efficiency of the device is maintained even at high humidity and excessive dust. On the efficiency is not influenced by the material of the moving object. Such indoor or outdoor motion sensors are a small cost.

Important!Ultrasonic device repel mice by frequent false alarms.

Ultrasonic motion sensors 12 Volt are widely used in automatic parking systems as a reverse detector and to control the vehicle blind zones.

Among the devices shortcomings can be identified by the fact that ultrasound creates discomfort for pets. They become aggressive, disobedient, there are changes in the nature and psychological disorders. It is sometimes used to repel dogs. With long-term presence in the relay zone may be a headache even in humans.

Such sensors do not differ long range detection. The devices are activated only on fast movements. They are easy to fool, moving slowly and smoothly. However, you can set the maximum threshold, which will be triggered when the sensor detects the slightest movements. In this case, there is a possibility to increase the number of false signals.

Distinctive features of the infrared motion sensors to turn on the light

The operating principle of infrared motion sensors to turn on the light is to change during the movement of the thermal radiation of the object. Any living creature or other object, such as a car, emits heat or infrared rays, caught by a system of mirrors or lenses, of which there are 20-60 pieces. Passing through this system, the rays hit the sensor.

In the housing there are two sensor devices that perform temperature control in different places. When within range of the device absent any traffic signals are the same. When heated body movement signals are different, whereby the device is triggered.

The threshold of maximum sensitivity of the device is attained at the time of movement of the object along the sensor, from left to right or vice versa. This feature should be considered in order to avoid "dead" zones.

Among the advantages of an infrared motion sensor light can distinguish fine adjustment of the control zone. The device does not respond to a draft in the room and on the trees swaying in the street. During operation, the device does not emit anything, so does not cause discomfort and is not harmful to human and animal health.

However, the sensor may trigger the movement of warm air from the radiator or air conditioner. The device is susceptible to the effects of rain and UV rays, disturbing the accuracy of his work on the street. It can not operate effectively not only at high ambient temperatures, such as thermal radiation merges with pulses emanating from humans and animals, but also at low, which helps cool clothes and skin, causing weak radiation.

Important! Such a sensor can be deceived by hiding behind the screen or put on a suit, not missing heat rays.

The principle of operation and characteristics of microwave motion detector

The principle of the motion sensor acts to illuminate the microwave type is similar to the mechanism of operation of the ultrasonic device, but instead of the sound wave used herein electromagnetic. The most common radiation frequency is 58 Hz. The apparatus operates while changing the frequency of the reflected signal. This is due to the Doppler effect in the event of movement in the measurable area. The microprocessor processes the changes and the device is triggered.

Such a device is compact dimensions, whereby it is possible to conceal the installation. Microwave sensor is characterized by a large radius of action, which is determined by the microwave power transmitter and the receiver sensitivity. This variant is frequently used in a camera with motion sensor.

On the device performance external environmental factors do not have a negative impact, so this device is suitable for outdoor installation. Its area of ​​action extends even beyond the partition of any material.

Among the shortcomings of street household or microwave type motion detector is to provide a high sensitivity of the device, which will be falsely triggered at the door or window, the harm to humans and animals by prolonged exposure to microwave and high cost.

Useful advice!Microwave light sensor should be installed in areas with a minimum level of traffic.

Other types of motion detectors based on the principle of operation

There is a combined version of the sensor, which can be combined into one device for various types of device symbiosis where disadvantages of one kind of another offset advantages. Such sensors provide more accurate and efficient work performed in the full control range. Each model is characterized by the presence of individual settings. Surveillance cameras are presented with a motion sensor such device for this.

The main disadvantage of this device is its high cost. The combined sensor must be installed by a specialist. If one system fails, it will be necessary to do a complete changeover device.

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The increasing popularity is gaining cotton sensors that can be used not only for lighting control, but also for the ventilation system, electric equipment. The first voltage is switched on cotton, and the second - deactivated. Such a sensor is advisable to install in premises with a low level stationary noise. This is ideal for the basement, utility room, pantry, bedroom and children's room. In the workshops, production rooms, offices and other crowded areas, such a device should not be used.

Useful advice!The best solution is to install the sensor in the cotton children's room, which will allow the child to quickly turn on the light, providing comfort and safety to him.

At the sound also reacts acoustic proximity sensor to turn on the light. The main thing - the right to set the sensitivity threshold. Such a device is often installed in doorways to save power. The light is switched on the door at the sound of cotton or man steps on and off a few seconds after everything calms down.

Standard features motion sensors to turn on the light

Each type of the sensor different individual parameters, but there are standard specifications are the same for all devices. The devices operate on the voltage of 220-240 V at 50 Hz. Delay time is in the range of from 2 to 8 seconds. The energizing time can be set by the regulator. The speed of operation of the motion sensor for the protection and inclusion of light is 0.5-1.5 ms.

All sensors are characterized by a sensitivity to light of from 2 to 1000 Lk, mounted on the switch. Simple models have two modes of operation. In expensive devices degree of illumination can be unlimited.

instrument operating range is 15 m. This parameter may be increased in the combined devices. The viewing angle is from 20 to 360 degrees. The maximum value is typical for models of ceiling. Wall-mounted devices have a viewing angle of 100 to 180 degrees. The maximum current may vary for different models, but not more than 1.5 kW. Electromagnetic relay determines the load capacity.

Some device models have additional features. To automatically activate lighting only at night, the device may have a built-in light sensor. To falsely light does not light when detecting movement of dogs and cats, a motion sensor for signaling can be supplemented with optional protection of animals. He will not work with the appearance of an individual weighing up to 25 kg.

The motion sensor may be equipped with a function of switch-off delay of light. This is very convenient for different situations. For example, if a person went to the bathroom or toilet, and some time not moving, the light at the same time did not immediately go off that will not cause discomfort to the eye in the case of the game world.

How to choose the right light sensor: useful tips

When you select a motion sensor for switching of lighting first of all you should decide where in the unit will be installed and it will be mounted. Depending on this street is selected, or household, external or embedded detector.

Another criterion is the selection of a lighting device according to the capacity of the device to which it is connected. In case of using several lamps, to which a sensor is connected is taken into account their total capacity. Motion sensors are available with an operating voltage of 200 watts and more.

Important!It is mandatory to provide a power supply of at least 20%.

The next parameter is the viewing angle which may be in the range 20-360 degrees. Devices with a small value of this parameter is suitable for switching of lighting at the entrance to the entrance, an apartment, a ladder, or a track. Devices with the greatest possible viewing angle scan is performed around the territory. This parameter must have a protective motion sensor. Attention is drawn to the operating range of between 2 to 50 m.

Motion sensors can be used with any light bulbs (a LED, halogen, energy saving, fluorescent) and the various lighting fixtures. However, there are bipolar devices, combined exclusively with incandescent lamps. For all other three-pole devices. Many manufacturers produce cartridges and switches with built-in motion sensors to turn on the light. Own hands to install such a device is not difficult.

Select motion sensor installation space for the inclusion of light

Before proceeding with the installation of the motion sensor, you should choose the right place to install it, which will exclude false positives, and the formation of "dead" zones. It is important not only to define the necessary control of the area, but also to get away from the factors that negatively affect the smooth and efficient operation of the device. The choice of location is carried out also taking into account the location of wiring in the case of the device needs to connect to it.

A motion sensor to activate the light in the apartment should be located near the radiator or electrical sources central heating, hot water pipes, air conditioners and other heat or electrical emitting electromagnetic interference. This proximity allows the device to constantly turn on lights.

Important!motion sensor to turn the light should not be placed in the kitchen, where there is a microwave oven, which will interfere with, reducing the effectiveness of the device.

The device should not be installed in front of the window, as this will cause false positives device. It is better to place it in a corner area of ​​the wall or ceiling. The room sensor should be directed to the front door. The optimum height for accurate operation of the instrument without failure value is 2.5 m.

When mounting the device on the street should be viewed as appropriate. In this case, the main parameters are the angle of the device viewing. The sensor should cover as much space as possible without leaving any "dead" zone. To install, fit bearing wall of the building or the lamp support.

How to connect a motion sensor to the lamp: an algorithm of actions

Before connecting the motion sensor lighting, you need to prepare the appliance itself, the power plug, LED, light bulb with a cartridge, screw terminal, cable and stripping tool.

The first step is to perform a direct connection to the bulb socket. Then the sensor is connected in the circuit to enable testing.

The ends of the electric wires to be connected to the plug. Stripping cable products perform special peeling tool. Installing the cartridge is carried out from the opposite side. Lamp turns on.

Definition phase outlet is made using a screwdriver indicator. To make sure that the lamp is lit, the plug is inserted into the socket. Next, you must set the motion sensor to the wire. To do this, the power supply is turned off. Both cores are cut wires, and clears them all.

In the next stage, installation of motion sensor with your hands in the gap of the supply wires. Based on the instruction that is attached to the device necessary to pass through a phase in a bulb sensor and to bring it to a zero power. Phase brown wire passes through, and comes out of red is supplied to the light bulb. Connections are made via a screw joint.

Each sensor has two resistors. The first is responsible for the time of day. To his left, the sun is depicted on the right - the moon. If the sensor will be used in the light period of the day, set it to the image of the sun. In the case of lighting for night he should look at the moon.

Second rheostat controls the off time of the device. Its minimum position indicates the 5-second shutdown. After setting up the appliance plug will fit into the outlet, taking into account the previously determined polarity. Performed a gesture to the sensor to light a lamp. Further, any movement does not occur, the device shuts off the light.

Important!Wiring motion sensor with switch assumes connection device, and lighting switch in parallel.

Detailed circuit connections of motion detectors

If the room has a curved shape, a motion sensor will not be able to cover the entire space. In this case it is necessary to install multiple motion sensors, the circuit which includes their parallel connection. As a result, the motion of the object anywhere in the room is one of the instruments work, thus closing the circuit that provides the voltage supply to the luminaire.

Important!This method of connection requires a connection from the lamp and the sensors of one phase, which excludes the formation of a short circuit.

Sensors installed in locations such that the maximum angle of view was provided by the territory, excluding the screening of windows, doors, pieces of furniture and decor. Motion sensors are allowable power value comprised in the range 500-1000 watts.

Important!If the sensor is necessary to connect multiple high-power lighting products, are installing magnetic starter.

Under the hood is a sensor block for connection, which are connected to the three colored contact coming out of the housing. Wires are connected to the connecting terminals. In the case of multi-conductor cable used special bushing tips.

to the sensor current is supplied via two wires: Phase - brown, zero - blue. Phase out of the sensor and directed to a single contact bulbs. A second cable from it joins the terminal zero.

After connecting the wires should be put on the lid and go to the connecting cables in the terminal box. For it is fed 9 wires: three from the sensor, two of the bulb, a zero and a cable connected to the network.

Wires are connected in sequence. The phase is aligned with the cable unit and the phase conductor of the circuit breaker with a motion sensor. Next, the connection is zero sensor lamp lighting and supply cable. The remaining three wires: two brown from the switch and a lamp, a red one on the sensor - are combined with each other.

Performing settings after the motion sensor connection

After installation of the device and perform its connection carried motion sensor adjustment with adjustment of its operating parameters for proper and efficient operation of the equipment.

delay setting function unit off TІME allow to set the required period, during which the sensor will not turn off the light. The range of values ​​is within 5-600 seconds. Here it plays a big role in the speed of human motion sensor sensitivity zone. If a person passes this gap quickly, it exhibited a minimum time value.

Adjusting device operation, depending on the degree of illuminance is performed via relay LUH. It fits desired threshold at which the sensor will operate even in the daytime. We should choose the minimum or average value on the scale. Maximum or minimum level is set in the case of a small or large amount of natural light in the room.

With SENS controller device installs the level of sensitivity to triggering, depending on the size and object distance. To this effect the device is checked for each family member, and then the optimum value is selected. If there are false positives, the sensitivity level should reduce. In the case of device failure or malfunction of one of its parameters, repair motion sensor should be entrusted to the skilled person, that will guarantee its correct operation subsequently.

Important!If the device configuration is done in the summer time, you should reconfigure it for winter time - and vice versa.

Browse popular models of motion sensors

It is a good model ARLІGHT MW14 microwave sensor with a maximum angle of view of 360 °. Radius unit is 8 m. For it is possible to expose off delay time of 10-12 s. Buy model can be for 1000 rubles.

One of the best infrared motion sensor is Camelіon LX-39 / Wh. Device viewing angle is 180 °. The equipment is mounted on the wall. Radius device reaches 12 meters. It features a built-in sensors regulating light level sensitivity and delay sleep time to 5 minutes. Motion sensor lights on price is 560 rubles.

Good model, which is designed for the light source power 500 W, is Feron sensor SEN50. The device is installed on the ceiling, providing a viewing angle of 320 °. The apparatus is equipped with sensor adjusting the degree of illumination within 3-2000 Lk. off delay option to configure the device for a period of from 5 to 420 seconds. Protection sensor is ІR44. unit cost - 500 rubles.

Popular MS-detector 39 EKF infrared type. Measurable distance is 7 m. The model is equipped with a built-in sensor, the controlling sensitivity, luminance level, and the operation delay of up to 10 minutes. Motion Sensor price is 430 rubles.

Noteworthy infrared motion detector for wall and ceiling type ІEK. Thanks to the class of protection against adverse conditions ІR44 device can be installed on the street. Measurable distance is 10 m, the viewing angle - 120 °. To acquire the motion sensor it is possible for 400 rubles.

Characteristics lamp with motion sensor

motion sensor to turn on the light, you can buy not only separately, followed by its connection to the lighting, but also directly with the luminaire. This device consists of a lamp, the sensor detecting movement of the subject, and the controller, as shown in Scheme motion sensor to activate the light. The sensor in range of watching situation and after detecting the slightest movement signal to the controller.

Important!There are models of fixtures that have built-in light-sensitive diodes, performing the role of lighting sensors, activating the robot device only in dark period, turn it off during the day.

Lamps with movement detector are distinguished by the type of action, the illuminator mind the nature of power and the availability of protection from external influences. By the principle of motion detection distinguish infrared, ultrasound, radio frequency and induction models. The first type of scanning space for the presence of infrared radiation. Ultrasonic devices operating according to the method of signal frequency changes in the case of object detection.

Radio frequency devices due to electromagnetic radiation, able to detect the object as an open area, and for non-metallic wall. Induction tools operate on the capacitive method. The principle of operation of various options shown in the diagrams of motion sensors, combined with lampshades.

The light source in lighting systems with motion sensor can be used light-emitting diode, a fluorescent or incandescent lamp. The first option is considered to be the most relevant and popular, due to the efficiency and durability. The lamp is a light source that is closest to the natural solar spectrum.

Fluorescent lamps have good luminous efficiency, long half life, low operating temperature, but provide cold light and do not like to frequent starting. Traditional incandescent light bulb with a spiral characterized by the lowest efficiency.

According to the type of food distinguish stationary running on the network and stand-alone fixtures that are powered by a battery or batteries. The degree of protection from external factors depends on the device belonging to one of IP classes (XY). The higher the value, the better the device is protected from moisture, dust and ultraviolet.

Overview of LED lights with motion sensor for indoor and outdoor use

Among the wide range of LED lamps with DD for premises can distinguish the model CAN MEІ JІA 5730 power 5 watts. The apparatus is equipped with an ultrasonic motion sensor. Device viewing angle reaches 120 °. The lamp provides a cool white light. It is advisable to install in the stairwells, corridors, near the entrance door. MTBF is 50 thousand. hours. The price of the device - 670 rubles.

Good lamp with an infrared sensor is the model 8-power LED 8 watts. Angle of devices - 120 °. The model provides a natural white light that is comfortable for living quarters. Such a lamp can operate up to 80 thousand. hours. Buy a lamp with motion sensor it is possible for 620 rubles.

Among the LED lamps to the microwave motion sensor is worthy model 8W Vuld MS capacity of 8 watts. The angle of action of the device is 140 °. It can work 30 thousand. hours. The price of the fixture with DD - 560 rubles.

Among street options worth considering wall lamp Globo 3723 with the protection level IP44 external factors. LED lamps in the amount of 22 pieces. provide white light. The lamp can cover area 0.7 m2. Buy lamp can be for 520 rubles.

A good projector with DD is the model Globo Projecteur 34219S with one LED lamp providing a neutral white light. Protection against external factors device is IP65. Lamp with a motion sensor can illuminate the area of ​​10 m2. The price of the fixture is 730 rubles.

Installing motion sensor for switching of lighting is the first step in the direction of arrangement of "smart house" that has beneficial effects on quality of life and saves energy. Knowing the variety of devices and taking into account the selection criteria, you can choose the most suitable option that is easy to install yourself. Correct adjustment of the motion sensor to activate the lights will provide the most effective and correct his work.