Pellet burner with your hands: the assembly and process automation

Pellet burner is installed on the solid fuel boiler and used to heat the company premises. It can be purchased off the shelf, but it has a relatively high cost. In the case of such a device need be manufactured independently. Pellet burner with their hands can be made of different materials and have both simplified and more complex version of the design.

Why burner for pellets: the device features

Pellets - a fuel that is of high quality and able to compete with conventional firewood. wood and agricultural waste, peat used for making such materials. Pellets are granules of a small size.

What is the advantage of pellets over conventional fuels? The first step is to note the high efficiency materials. Conventional wood after burning give from 40 to 80% of the energy. The remaining material goes to recycling, so the economic feasibility of such heating is questionable.

Pellet boiler burner can improve processing of the material to 90%. This is one of the highest rates among all fuel combustion species. It is worth noting that the granular raw material is not recommended for certain types of boilers. For example, such fuel may harm the equipment, whose operating principle is based on pyrolysis.

Helpful information!When selecting the burner is necessary to pay attention to its power. Today you can buy models that automatically adjust the figure. As an example, the pellet burner Zota.

During processing the temperature of the fuel inside the burner can reach 1000 ° C. From this it follows that it is necessary to exercise caution when using such a device. Especially it concerns the constructions made with their own hands. Mistakes during assembly or improper use may cause a fire.

Pellets: what is it? Detailed description of the fuel

This material has a high energy content. Precisely because of this, it is widespread. One kilogram of granulated pellets during processing allocates about 5 kW / h heat. From this it follows that the standard organization of heating private houses, having an average particle size, it will take about 2 kg of material per hour.

Pellets burner loaded into the apparatus about 1-2 times a day. When loading a new batch of raw materials is recommended to clean the ash from the combustion products. Purchased burners require weekly cleaning, and home-made devices are contaminated even faster. The device, made with their own hands, should be cleaned about 1 every 3 days. Otherwise, it is pretty quickly fail.

Some models of the burners do not require a download for 5 days. As an example, the pellet burner APH-42. This model is compatible with Teplodar Cooper boilers.

A disadvantage of pellet burners is the reverse combustion is accompanied by the penetration of the pyrolysis zone in the silo and being used for storing fuel. This entails a smoky environment, in which the heating equipment, and there is a possibility of fire.

Pellets of sawdust or any other recycled wastes with excess air in design can be blown away, leading to the appearance of large amounts of waste (ash). The air supply should be well regulated, otherwise it is not only the excess, but the lack can lead to inefficient operation and rapid clogging of the apparatus.

The need for granular fuel in the air is primarily determined combustion mode. Selecting the right mode is a primary and very important task. Exit to the operating mode of the burner is made in 5 stages. Before using the device should be read with each phase in more detail.

The first thing you want to ignition. A burner for the boiler pellet is ignited by special ceramic rod-lighters which, when turned on heats up to a very high temperature (900-1100 ° C). Devices made personally, can kindle and conventional torch.

Note!In no case can not be used for ignition burner flammable liquids. In this case, the combustion process will go immediately into a hopper, so that a fire occurs.

The second stage of the preparation of the equipment for operation is to run. It is important to adjust the correct air supply to adjust the burner flame. Next, you dispersal device. At this stage, the burner included in the normal operating mode.

After the dissolution of air must be adjusted so that the device correctly set the temperature of the coolant in the return pipe. Then you need to cut off the supply of granulated fuel and set the required air flow intensity.

Design features of pellet burners

The main objective of any burner - ensuring uniform heating boiler. This object is achieved by processing granular fuel. From the constructive point of view the burner is a combustion chamber, which often resembles a tube. Combustion inside of the device occurs due to the continuous air supply.

Fuel delivery is performed by a special device - screw. To discharge air design provides fan, the operation of which does not extinguish the flame. The burner may have a variety of shapes which do not substantially affect the efficiency of the device. Cameras that have a circular cross-sectional shape, are the most common. This is due to the fact that they are easiest to make. However, rectangular variants are fairly common.

In round burners used for the processing of pellets, flat base set. It is used for containing fuel and is mounted to the outside of the front surface. It should be noted that some burners have the opportunity to GSM-module connection. As an example, the pellet burner 15 terminator. Its cost is about 75 thousand. rub.

The principle of operation of these devices is fairly straightforward. Initially, dust loaded into the hopper, then their delivery takes place through the channel in the burner. Fan, blast air, maintains the necessary level of flame in the device. The combustion products accumulate in the ash pan. Purification of this compartment is recommended at least 1 time per week.

Pellet burner with their hands: species

Devices that are used for processing granular materials are divided into two types according to the principle of action - a fence with positive and gravity. The choice of the type of equipment depends primarily on the individual operating conditions.

Note!The most common version of the burner requires the obligatory presence of electricity. In this case, the electricity needed to operate a mechanism to ensure an uninterrupted supply of granular fuel. Automatic pellet burner (positive wall) are considered the best solution for building heating organization.

Devices of this type include several mechanisms by which delivery is made granules. The first of these functions by a pneumatic system. The second mechanism is equipped with a special tool - screw. Security in the system is provided by the channel construction set bottom up, on which the feed pellets takes place.

Automatic devices have one major advantage - fire safety. Such devices are used in the technique of different manufacturers. For example, they are integrated into boilers Teplodar. Pellet burner ratings which mainly positive have a rather high cost. Price of some models exceed 150 thousand. rub. More budget options can be purchased for 60-80 thousand. rub.

The design of the pneumatic type offers maximum safety. This is because the pellet feed system delivers the fuel in small portions. Thus, it is not retained in the communication channel. For such a burner it is possible to install the hopper marker that does not require frequent downloads. If desired, the device of this type can be purchased. Currently popular are pneumatic Obschemash pellet burner.

Feeders belonging to the screw type, include two principal nodes. With the first screw made fence granular fuel from the hopper. Operation of this device allows to transport the pellets to a different receiver. Thereafter, the second screw directs feed directly into the burner.

A disadvantage of the devices in which the fuel supply is performed forcedly, is their volatility. In case of power failure of the burner operation is stopped.

Gravitational pellet burner: design features

Devices of this type, operating on fuel pellet have another operation of supplying pellets. Immediately it should say that these units are easier to handle. The main advantage of the gravity of the mechanism is that it does not require electrical connections.

Pellets made in this case are located in the hopper and can enter the connected channel under its own weight. There are several popular domestic companies engaged in the production of such aggregates (Pelletron Behemoth). Pellet burner of this type is started very simply - by changing the valve position. It is important to remember that the flue damper is installed, which can also be configured.

Note!As their counterparts main disadvantage of all gravitational structures is that they do not provide such a high operating safety. During operation, there is a possibility of fire in the pellet hopper. Increased risk of fire exists because of the structural features of the hopper, which has a direct connection with an opening through which fuel is supplied.

Efficiency in devices gravity slightly lower than the analogues functioning by forced feeding of granular fuel. Installation pellet burner of this type is not a difficult task. Its complete connection can be made in just a few hours.

In order to increase the performance of the fire safety device, many manufacturers have set him a special valve. They are equipped with thermal sensors, which in case of contact of the flame into the duct, connecting with the hopper, are activated and closes the outlet.

How to make a drawing of the pellet burner?

Before starting the self-designing burners intended for processing fuel pellet, it is recommended to perform individual drawing. Scheme must contain information about all the nodes and details. In the drawing, you must specify the basic elements:

• camera;
• a fuel tank;
• screw;
• fan.

Scheme must contain all the required dimensions of these products. When the drawing pellet burner with their hands should be remember that from the detail of its implementation depends on how reliable will the device for the processing of wood pellets.

Before starting the scheme are advised to calculate the required size of the hopper. When the calculation should take into account how much area will heat the structure. It should also be noted that the bin parameters have a direct impact on the frequency of cleaning.

The fan is controlled by an electronic unit. In preparing the plan should remember that the performance apparatus main nodes depends on the availability of electricity.

Related article:

How to make your own hands is solid long burning boiler: Drawings

Structure and working principle. How to make your own hands. Drawings and diagrams for self-production. Recommendation.

Thus, to perform their own hands pellet burner dimensioned drawing is not so difficult. If necessary, you can use ready-made scheme, which on the Internet a lot. But in this situation we need to pick up the drawing, which will correspond to the concrete conditions.

Pellet burner with your hands: the preparatory stage

Before starting the burner assembly, which recycles granular fuel, it is necessary to perform some preliminary work. The first step is to calculate the area, wherein heating is carried out by this device. Knowing this figure will not be difficult to calculate the required power of the heater. In the calculation of the power pellet unit the following factors:

• Average annual rate in a specific temperature region;
• Building area;
• Ceilings in the building;
• number of door and window openings;
• construction materials, of which made the walls, floor and ceiling.

Then should prepare all the tools to be used in the assembly of the pellet burner by hand. Videos and photos to help get an idea of ​​the process, it is recommended that a detailed examination of them.

It is necessary to determine the index of heat transfer resistance of the materials used. This ratio is needed in the future for the calculation of heat losses. Power heating equipment must necessarily be higher than the heat loss by at least 10%.

Helpful information!There are special online calculators that allow you to determine the capacity of the boiler. They can be found easily on the Internet using the search bar of your browser.

Experts recommend to buy ready pellet burner. The price of these devices ranges from 50 to 200 thousand. rub. To make such a device is quite difficult, because it takes into account a lot of nuances of working. Purchased the model is also equipped with the necessary thermal sensors, which makes them comfortable and safe operation.

How to produce homemade pellet burner: main recommendations

The most crucial structural component which is part of the pellet burner, - a basket. With self-manufacture of such an element should be remembered that there is one common problem - the granules stuck in the rear wall, which is disposed obliquely and It has slits. To solve the problem, you must perform a different slot. Standard option allows for continuous slit, but it is recommended to make a honeycomb structure.

The ideal value of the slots of the rear wall must be 2 mm less than the dimensions of the secondary fuel pellets. Gap located between the rear wall and the bottom of the basket, shall be at least 6 mm. The front wall also has a slit, but in this case they must be continuous.

Before work is recommended to study the video showing the assembly of the pellet burner. Reviews of various devices, made with his own hands, and help you choose the correct version of the device.

Under the bottom of the basket, which is part of the burner, located channel. It is necessary for the secondary air. The height of the channel must be approximately 29 mm. Here, a tolerance of 1 mm. Sheer rear wall is not perpendicular but inclined. The inclination angle is 45 °.

Price burner for pellets, purchased as a finished product, is several times the cost of modular options. Thus, independent of the manufacturing apparatus can significantly save finances.

The size of the basket with a tray selected to suit individual needs. In this case it is necessary to focus on index determines how much fuel will be processed for 1 hour burner. The best option is considered a device having dimensions of 13x13 cm. The depth of such a basket should be approximately 10-12 cm. Such a device allows to burn about 2-3 kg of granular fuel for 1 hr.

hopper manufacturer for pellet burner with their hands

The second necessary component of any of the burner, mounted on a heating equipment, a hopper. A common problem that occurs in the process of self-made device associated with the penetration of the flame in this design. In order to gather reliable tank, it is recommended to use ready-made drawings popular bunkers company Teplodar or Pelletron. Pellet burner can be made of any capacity, but it is best to take as an example the standard device 15 kW.

Hopper also selected individually. It is possible to perform a box that will accommodate a 17 or 34 kg of granular fuel. For the manufacture of the combustor conventionally used material such as stainless steel. Moreover, its thickness should be not less than 2 mm.

Note!Steel wall are joined by applying welding equipment.

Dimensions hopper borrowed from any suitable pattern (e.g., Pelletron 15). Pellet burner includes a secondary air conduit, which is best to perform a "T" letter shaped. This will greatly increase the efficiency of the operating device.

In addition, it should provide a pressure jet burner. This will provide an opportunity to simplify its launch, as it will be reduced in response to the draft chimney construction. For the device, a power of 15 kW, suitable fans 20 watts. Experts recommend to buy a fan, which is called the cochlea. This is due to the fact that the operation of such a device to regulate the easiest.

Further improvement pellet boiler with their own hands

Assembling the body in several steps. This task can be handled independently, but it is necessary to clearly understand the nuances of the work. The housing is best done in a horizontal plane. This is because such an arrangement makes it possible to maximize the efficiency of the equipment.

As the material of the brick is recommended for manufacturing the casing (chamotte). The process is quite simple. It is necessary to collect the box and place inside the heat exchanger. It should be noted that the brick building is made with no upper cap. The heat exchanger should have outputs for heating pipes.

Do not forget that the burner should be equipped with a special controller. Pellet burner can be completely mechanical, but in this case it is much more difficult to configure them. The regulation is done taking into account the individual characteristics of the device and the area of ​​heated space.

The use of brick for mounting the body recommended for the reason that it has good insulation qualities and is able to store heat more than other common materials such as steel and cast iron. Photo burners and other heating equipment can be found on the Internet easily.

Primarily made manufacturing of the heat exchanger. For this it is necessary to prepare a pipe having a rectangular cross section. Then, they need to cut (in the drawing) into pieces having a desired length. Thereafter, the individual segments are interconnected by welding. Required to ensure the supply pipe to the heat exchanger. Then the chimney with ash pan is installed.

As a self-automate the process and configure the pellet burner?

Pellet homemade boilers have one feature - the absence of the instrument design which provides inflow of natural draft. Without Traction, as we know, it is impossible to keep the flame inside the device, so you need to install the fan. In order to ensure smooth functioning of the boiler is also used auger responsible for delivery of fuel from the hopper into the combustion chamber.

In order to fully automate a workflow, and if necessary, to achieve its adjustment must be integrated into the design of the controller. His role is played by the control unit pellet burner.

Note! Mechanical control is performed by simple control.

The main task of ensuring the normal operation of heating equipment, is to achieve a balance between the two main indicators. The first of these - the volume of the granulated fuel, and the second - the air inflow rate. If we manage to correctly adjust these parameters, then the flame will heat the heat evenly.

All necessary parameters can be configured using the burner control unit. What it is? The control unit provides overall control over the operation of the heater. Of course, the best option is to purchase a new device.

Purchased models have a fast connection to the main working elements of a pellet boiler. As a result, the controller will adjust the feed rate of the granular fuel, and also turns the fan. Configure pellet burner enables display that is located on the control unit.

It should be noted that the screw should have a sensor that controls need to supply the granular fuel. It operates as follows: determines when the screw is filled, and sends a signal to equipment. After this pellet supply is suspended.

Pellet burner Zota Fox 25: reliable and efficient model with a wide functional

Pellet burner of the type used in boilers brand Zota Fox series. It is used in heating systems, in which the design is not part of the iron plate material. To date, such a burner has established itself only with the best hand. It is efficient and reliable, as well as a long service life.

Pellet burner Zota Fox recycles granular fuel. The size of each of the pellets used in this case ranges from 6 to 8 mm. Power of this unit is regulated by an automatic system. The indicator may be different (from 5 to 25 kW).

Installation pellet burner Zot on solid fuel boiler allows to automate its workflow. Equipment provided with the unit for processing of granules, has certain advantages:

• reduce the cost of heating residential buildings;
• increasing the duration of operation when loading one portion granular fuel;
• maintaining the required temperature in the room.

Helpful information!Indicator burner power used for recycling granules is determined depending on what area has a heated room. It should be noted that 1 kW is capable to provide heat room 10 m².

Burner power is adjusted automatically. To do this, a special control unit is provided in the structure. Pellet burners Zota Fox (5-25 kW) have a number of additional features that will not be difficult to activate and set on the control panel. These include avtopodzhig granular fuel, fast start and termination of the operation, automatic burner cleaning and other modes.

Security is implemented in such a device sensor, regulating the temperature of fuel combustion. Also, this device can be connected to a GSM-module or thermostat, installed in a heated room. The cost of such burners is approximately 75 thousand. rub.

Automatic pellet burner Teplodar PGA-25

This device is automatic. It has many advantages. Products of this company are of high quality and long service life. Burner of this type is implemented with silo, which is delivered in disassembled form. In addition to the hopper, the kit includes a screw which delivers pellets, as well as a control panel.

This model has many advantages. One of them - the ease of installation. If desired, and certain skills to connect such a model can be done in just 30 minutes. Teplodar Pellet burners require any configuration, which is produced in accordance with the needs. Fill the hopper is too often be (enough 2 times a week).

Purification of the ash from the combustion products produced in this case is not more than 2 times per week. As a rule, it is sufficient only once. It is worth noting that, in addition to the APG-25, there are more powerful versions, produced by this manufacturer. For example, widespread model APG-42.

These devices are installed on the heating equipment brands Cooper. Pellet burner equipped with this type of improved screw, thereby increasing the overall reliability of the construction and its operational life. The control panel has a convenient and intuitive display, which shows all the necessary operating parameters of heating equipment.

Thus, to make the burner pellet granules processing required to calculate the power and prepare the first drawing. During operation must be careful because any errors made when assembling the construction may lead to fire the pellets in the hopper.