Drawings home: from the sketch and sketch to the finished project

For many cozy country house - a dream of a lifetime, where every hour spent alone with nature, promotes relaxation. It is important that housing was not only beautiful, but also comfortable, multi-function. Realization of a dream begins with the creation of the project, which is based on drawings of the house, with detailed planning and communications circuitry. How to organize a constructive step, tell this material.

How do the project: preparatory steps for creating a drawing

Before you make a drawing of a private home, you need to decide in what would be its direct purpose: whether he will serve rustic vacation spot in the summer or year-round habitat for housing all families. Number of households must also be borne in mind. It should take into account the lifestyle of the family members, their tastes, preferences and hobbies.

If the future inhabitants of the house - the adherents of a peaceful way of life, the building should be placed in an area that is away from the carriageway and surrounding areas. Best of all - in the bottom of the garden. For open, sociable people can build a house at the beginning of the site, exposing cottage facade and beautiful landscape in front of him. In technical terms are especially important survey data obtained by the research area. They point out the features of the surface composition of the soil and the presence of the slopes, which will create a site plan.

To designing the house was put in order, the process is conventionally divided into stages, which are then displayed in the following sections of the finished project home:

• thumbnail;
• architecture;
• constructive;
• Engineering and Technology;
• designer or finishing.

Having defined the location and destination of the future of the home, you can start designing the house. For this purpose, make the initial sketches. In the presence of basic artistic skills the owners will be able to do it on their own, even without special computer program to build a house. On the basis of the basic sketches drawn sketch. According to him prepare all the other detailed drawings and defined plan for future construction.

What to consider when preparing the plan at home

Already at the stage of the sketch is necessary to clearly define the number of floors, type of roof, external and front view of the facade of the house, until the number of windows, balconies, terraces or the presence of attic. Draft project also includes an outline of the building in the longitudinal and transverse sections, which specifies the design features and the materials from which it is supposed to build a house.

Useful advice! Experienced designers are not advised to do very spacious bedrooms as well as large spaces can contribute to a feeling of anxiety among their inhabitants. Therefore, the bedroom should be compact and cozy.

Before you draw a plan of the house, it is necessary to determine the location of the site and examine the orientation relative to the cardinal. Based on these data, it is determined by the location of the rooms. Their number depends on how many people will live in the building and how often will come to visit for a long time. Accommodation spaces and the functional purpose of each of them is also an important element.

Next, we need to identify the specific room will be devoted to family members, and what - the guests and employees, if it is assumed the formation of a particular state. We should not forget about the layout of the premises, which will meet the whole family - a dining room or living room.

It is important to take into account the preferences and hobbies inhabitants of the house to see the need to include in the plan gym, pool or sauna, winter garden or conservatory, library with an office or a large workshop.

Features of drawing up projects of houses: drawing the bulk of the planning

Having defined the layout of the house, you need to visualize the family lives in the building, to consider all the elements, so that nothing is missed. So do not hurry with the creation of the final version of the house plan. Finished drawings and plans of the house should be as perfect, the end result satisfies all households, and the constructed houses has served the maximum number of years without reconstruction and rework. The final version of the sketch should be discussed at the family council, taking into account all the details, right down to the smallest detail.

In the first place in the scheme of the house indicate the desired number of floors. This may be a large one-story house, a compact two-storey cottage or a luxurious mansion on two levels with a loft. The internal layout, depicted in the figures of buildings, such zones should include:

• living rooms;
• utility room;
• common areas;
• Outbuildings.

One-storey house differentiate into zones by partitions, as well as placing the flat of the same type of functionality in one wing. The two-story cottage bedroom, guest and children's rooms are traditionally located on the second floor and on the ground are household and office common areas.

The structure of the house project: building plans, drawings and dimensions

Before to do a project at home, you need to have a clear idea of ​​what the document is and from what partition it is. Firstly, it is the main helper and guide at the stage of construction, which will help to create a home for all the rules and make it reliable, comfortable and functional, and most importantly - safe for residence.

Important! Build a house without a plan - it is a huge risk. Without having full information about the future of the house, it is impossible to control all costs, to calculate the necessary amount of material and size of the room. Chaotic building can have dire consequences in the form of the subsidence of the foundation, awkward stairs and small rooms.

Secondly, the project - a document that provides control over the quality of construction and material consumption. In the absence of estimates not only of poor quality, but also the building to be illiquid. Check out this house as real estate is simply impossible.

House project consists of two main parts:

• architectural and construction which includes architectural facades drawings and detailed circuit construction with dimensions and materials;
• engineering design, usually consisting of Drawings water, sewer, electrical, heating and ventilating systems.

The classic version of the draft with the drawings a two-storey house includes the following sections:

• architectural, detailed on the floors;
• constructively with the detailed layout of the house;
• Wiring plan;
• water and sewage circuit;
• Heating installation plan and the ventilation system;
• the project of the gas appliance;
• Project identification and an explanatory note.

Useful advice! Drawings can be made manually or by using special computer programs for online home design.

The list of mandatory architectural drawings with dimensions of the house

Architectural drawings suggest an indication of exact size, contains characteristics common parameters house, individual buildings, structures and their parts. Here, including detailed plans for each floor, providing accommodation of living rooms and utility rooms. Specified area of ​​all elements, ceiling height, location of openings for windows and doors.

For example, the drawings for the two-story house with an attic in the architectural and construction section, arranged in the following order:

• basement plan;
• Plan of the ground floor;
• Plan of the second floor;
• attic plan.

Also in this section should be placed plan truss roof construction. To draw the drawing, it is necessary to depict the complete floor structure elements of the system in cross section. The table, which is attached to the drawing indicate specification parts truss roof structure, the full range of materials and a list of their number. roof plan drawn up separately, it listed the shape, dimensions, skatnost roof slopes and angles, as well as the location of the ventilation outlets, skylights, dormer windows of the attic.

Drawings private homes compulsorily include several sections showing all structure elements along or across. They operate sequentially from the roof to the foundation. Thus, seen in cross-section dimensions and location of the floor slab and all the roof. These incisions made with the different parties, should be five.

The drawings in the section house and facades of the image from different angles

Draw a house project is impossible without the images of all the facades that showcase the structural condition of the facial input, rear view and side. Thus, there should be four sheet where necessary to draw a drawing depicting:

• front facade;
• side facade №1 (right side);
• side facade №2 (left side);
• facade of the rear of the house.

The drawing shows the front of the house is actually the initial outline and a sketch plan of the building. It can be easily set up with the help of special computer programs, therefore, before we draw the design of the house, you must carefully think about it, consult with experts of different profiles in the construction and finalize the details with the members families. The final option is to please all members of the household.

After the drawings of facades in a list in the table indicates the joinery elements specification - doors and windows, and takes into account the way their opening. For each product designated by clear forms, the parameters determined the presence and quantity of glasses. House with two floors can have up to three dozen names of such products.

Useful advice!New Project of a small two-storey house can be similar to the drawings of apartments. For a basis of the first floor is taken up of one-bedroom apartments, while the second floor has a bedroom, two guest rooms and an additional bathroom.

Frame profile: how to draw drawings and diagrams of individual elements

Constructive section - it is part of the detailed design, which gives both general and specific data different layouts built circuit elements: foundation, ladders, floors, roof structures. Also in this part included detailed drawings of all the nodes, which indicates the specificity of products and materials.

foundation sectional drawing decrypts size tape fortified houses, the depth of their occurrence, and materials that are necessary for their construction. Image foundation represented as plans such drawings:

• common ground plan;
• scheme of a longitudinal section;
• drawing cross sections.

Certain types provide sectional drawings slabsAnd their longitudinal and cross-sectional views at different elevations:

• ceiling plan at .00;
• at around + 3.00;
• at a height of 6.00.

Nodes structural parts - are objects of special buildings, including stairs and spans both outside and indoors. It also shows the exact calculations for strength and static. This section of the project in separate tables contain specifications and consistent use of materials, in particular:

• steel reinforcement;
• concrete elements;
• wooden beams.

Engineering Section: drawing rooms and Communications

Engineering section contains blueprints electrical supply, water supply, sewerage, ventilation and heating. Table-decoding hardware specifications include a common data and calculations. These are separate components of the building, located in the future house.

Section in a waterpipe contains a communication layout in the basement and on every floor. sewerage scheme is performed in a similar manner. Sometimes, these two plans are portrayed in one figure. There also is a perspective assembly diagram of hot and cold water.

The installation of heating floor section presents drawings, beginning with a basement and the total heating circuit of the house. System gas equipment and electrical supply drawings depict individual to individual circuits arrangement the gas and electricity installations.

In order to prevent the danger of thunder in the modeling of buildings need to enable the installation of lightning protection devices, so as the absence of such protection can not only lead to the destruction, but also pose a threat to life and health of inhabitants houses. lightning rod installation is done by a separate scheme with the assistance of qualified professionals.

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The alarm system in the house plan drawings

Before the very design house, you need to consider the need for additional systems, such as burglar alarms. Its design - is to develop a separate plan with network structure engineered components. The main objective - providing different degrees of protection of construction sites. Drafting for the security system of drawings at home - it is an individual process, since it allows the alarm to work in specific conditions.

The creation of such a project must take into account a number of rules and regulations. In particular, in the preparation of the Drawings should operate in accordance with the rules of construction standards and other technical documents. The main factors to consider:

• the appointment of the premises, according to which the equipment is selected certain complexity;
• area of ​​the object which is to be protected, and particularly his architecture and design;
• determination of alarm types, which may be wired and wireless.

Project Plan signaling is subject to approval in the relevant institutions, and only after that are made detailed drawings of home security systems.

Related documentation in the project and construction drawings

The construction project - not just a set of sketches, drawings and tables, it contains detailed information on each of the stages of construction and on certain areas of work. This allows you to end up with a complex capital construction.

Useful advice! It is crucial location of a child's room next to parents, to the slightest needs of the child's parents were close by. If at the time of construction of children still do not have a family or they are still small, it is necessary to think in advance the presence of a special game room or zone. If space allows, for the children's games can take several premises.

Each project, in addition to the listed drawings, necessarily include the following documents:

• Architecture and design characteristics;
• description of the building functionality;
• technical and economic data, such as area, cubic capacity, height;
• description of engineering solutions;
• species list and the number of construction and finishing materials.

Architectural designer passport contains a copy of the license, the explanatory note, the coloring of facades, floor plans, sections and axial roof plan.

Computer software design houses: the reliable assistant in the creation of projects

Modern computer technology allows to quickly visualize all the desires and draw their dream home. Furthermore, 3-D design house can independently carry through special programs. Even inexperienced users will be able to do this by, for example, Google SketchUp. This service can be designed as a residential and business premises.

Since you can create models of buildings with an indication of exact size and even the texture of materials using an online-designed homes in the browser. Program offline suggest downloading and installing on your PC, so the PC must have enough RAM.

Designer houses allows using individual samples and parts to design virtual chic cottage or a small suburban house. Such programs provide an opportunity not only to design a different model, but also make a list of materials and components needed for the acquisition, and even calculate the approximate cost of the project.

It may be mentioned, such as AutoCAD and KOMPAS-3D Among the most popular electronic products. This versatile program that can be used to create buildings and interiors projects. Their main disadvantage - the high price. To cheaper, but less functional it refers Ashampoo Home Designer - is the perfect choice for beginners in the business of design.

Drawings of private homes are a key element in a construction project. Their proper implementation depends not only on the reliability of the design, but also the duration of the service communications and home security systems, which makes it durable, comfortable and cozy to stay families. Therefore, to approach the issue of creating the drawings should be possible to carefully and responsibly.