Winches connection diagram: operating principle
The main components of the winch: main and auxiliary drum, reducer, electric motor and starting equipment. The main drum serves as the leading working element. The principle of the winch operation is as follows: during the rotation of the shaft clockwise the cam clutch is activated, which transmits the torque to the main drum through the reducer. There is winding the rope and lifting the load.
When rotating counter-clockwise, the drum rotates in the opposite direction, after which the cam clutch is disconnected, and the switch contacts are closed. During the closing of the contacts, the voltage is applied to the electric magnet of the auxiliary drum. Under the action of the magnet, the cam clutch turns on and transfers the rotation to the drum. An auxiliary cycle of pulling the main drum into the starting position takes place. The main drum rotates under the action of the auxiliary mechanism.
Note! For effective and safe operation, the winch must be well fixed to the base.
Diagram in hand and connect
Before you start, you need to know how to connect the winch. To do this, it is necessary to study the circuitry of its connection and connect all the wires of the device in accordance with these schemes. If the connection occurs to a 220-volt power supply, three wires are connected to the terminal block: the first is the phase, the second is zero, and the third is the ground. If the connection is made to a three-phase network, four wires are connected: three phase wires and one zero.
If you connect the winch, and its drum rotates in the wrong direction, then the two end wires, from the cash three, to which the "phase" is switched, must be swapped. Correct connection plays a huge role in the reliability and correct operation of the winch, so if you can not figure out the connection scheme yourself, then contact a specialist.
Electric winch power is supplied from AC networks with a voltage of 380 volts and 220 volts.36-volt equipment is also used. Such units are used in mining enterprises and are enclosed in an explosion-proof housing. If you follow the scheme clearly, the connection of the device will not be difficult, which will allow you to raise even the pallet of bricks to the height.
Disassembly in case of a breakdown
So, as the winch works, you know. But sometimes there are situations when it is necessary to disassemble the winch for cleaning or troubleshooting. Repair of electric winches can be done independently, knowing how to properly disassemble the machine. It is sorted in the following order:
- The cable is first disconnected. For this, the retainer and the bolts of the couplers on the reducer are unscrewed;
- Reducer with housing detachable;
- The brake cover is removed to disassemble the gear unit;
- The brake actuator clutch is removed. It rotates together with the shaft, while standing on the bearing;
- The drive shaft is removed;
- The brake shaft and the brake drum are removed with the help of round-nosed pliers;
- The gearbox bolts are loosened and it is disconnected.
Important! Certified winches are better not to disassemble or repair themselves, but to hand over for repair to a workshop.
This disassembly is complete, and you can find and fix the problem. After completing all the necessary work, the assembly takes place in the reverse order. It is also possible to make a partial disassembly of the winch for preventive maintenance: updating the lubricant, removing dirt and dust. This should be done according to the operating instructions of the unit, which will allow using the unit without any malfunctions, which is very important when, for example, it is urgent to lift up a couple of dozen metal pipes.