DIY ventilation in the apartment, scheme (photo, video)

Effective ventilation in the premises provides a constant flow of fresh air, which helps not only to get rid of the appearance of unpleasant odors, but also prevents the occurrence of dampness. This has the most positive effect on the operating conditions of household appliances, wallpaper, furniture, and also prevents the development of a number of diseases. Do-it-yourself ventilation in the apartment can be done correctly, quickly and professionally. However, for this it is necessary to clearly understand the principle of action of all elements of the system and the features of their functioning.

With high-quality ventilation, all the air that is in the apartment should be completely replaced in 1-2 hours. For each room, it is necessary to calculate the ventilation power in such a way as to ensure the influx fresh air in the amount of 3 m3 per 1 m2 of the room (in apartments where up to 20 m2 per person area). In addition, it should be borne in mind that for every adult about 30 m3 of air per hour is needed. Such calculations are easy to carry out, knowing the performance of fans of supply or exhaust devices.

All these data must be taken into account when drawing up the ventilation scheme in the apartment. In addition, it should be borne in mind that air circulation between rooms can be difficult due to the tight closing of the doors.

Types of ventilation systems

To date, there are two main types of ventilation systems:

• Natural ventilation systems. The principle of their action is based on the movement of air, which occurs due to the temperature difference in the street and in the exhaust ventilation duct. This type of ventilation is equipped with most apartments in multi-storey buildings. It is assumed that air will enter the room through slots in the balcony and window frames or through open windows for ventilation. Air is removed from the premises through special exhausts, while its circulation is provided naturally, that is, without the use of exhaust fans. As in modern apartments obsolete window and balcony blocks replaced by sealed double-glazed windows, then the efficiency of natural ventilation is sharply reduced. This is especially true in winter, when most of the time the windows in the rooms are closed.

A typical scheme of air circulation in an apartment is shown in the figure.

• Forced ventilation systems. Currently, this type of ventilation is most in demand. It provides for the use of special devices that provide forced air movement regardless of temperature and weather conditions.

In turn, forced ventilation of the premises can be performed in one of the following ways:

1. Exhaust system. Provides for the use of fans installed in the ducts for forced removal of air from the apartment. This creates an area of ​​rarefied pressure, which allows for the penetration of fresh air into the premises through special ventilation openings.
2. Supply systems. Air is pumped into the apartment by a fan installed in the supply devices.
3. Supply and exhaust. These are combined systems that use both supply and exhaust fans. Also in such systems, installation of monoblock ventilation units is possible.

A common cause of poor ventilation systems can be clogged air ducts. Also, the installation of powerful kitchen hoods by individual residents leads to a decrease in the quality of ventilation.
To correctly connect a cooker hoodwithout disturbing the natural ventilation of the premises, it is necessary to organize the removal of air outside through a specially made air duct with mandatory use of a non-return valve.

In order to increase the efficiency of ventilation in the apartment, you should first determine the reason why the system can not cope with its functions. For this you need check operation of ventilation ducts by holding a small piece of paper to their holes. If the exhaust system is working properly, then the paper is attracted to the hole and even held on it. Otherwise, measures should be taken to ensure the normal operation of the exhaust ventilation.

For this, first of all, it is necessary to clean the air duct with the help of a special ruff, dressed in a flexible rubber hose. As for the cleaning of the general ventilation ducts of multi-storey buildings, representatives of special services are responsible for it, which they must be involved in to carry out such work.

To ensure the necessary air movement in the apartment, you can install exhaust fans, as well as supply valves.

Using a supply valve

The supply valve can be installed in a modern window unit or in the outer wall of the room. In the first case, it is possible to independently install it or purchase window systems that already have such a device in their design.

As for the installation of the supply valve in the external wall of the room, it is also not particularly difficult and can be done on its own. Such a valve is mounted above the radiator or under the ceiling. In the first case, it becomes possible to slightly increase the temperature of the air entering the apartment in the winter.

To increase the efficiency of the operation of such a valve, a fan may be used. In areas where the average winter temperature drops to low values, electric air heating is used in the supply valves.

On the outside of the wall, the air intake opening is closed by a grill, which avoids dust, small debris, insects, etc.

Exhaust fan mounting

For the implementation of high-quality air circulation in the premises, it is advisable to use exhaust fans. Such devices are installed on the ventilation openings of air ducts in kitchens, toilets and bathrooms.

Since this device requires electricity, it can be connected to the nearest junction box. In this case, the fan should be equipped with automation that responds to changes in temperature or pressure. When using cheaper models that do not provide for automatic switching on and off of the device, it can be connected to the light switch circuit. Thus, the fan will turn on every time you turn on the lighting in the toilet or bathroom.

Installation of supply and exhaust ventilation system

Forced injection and removal of air into the premises of the apartment today allows to achieve the most effective ventilation of the premises. Installation of such a system allows not only to provide the apartment with fresh air, but also makes it possible to make additional filtration, humidification, and heat recovery. For these purposes, compact monoblock ventilation units can be used.

When using such devices, effective ventilation is carried out only in the room where they are installed. Therefore, to ensure the required air movement throughout the apartment, it may be necessary to lay ducts that are mounted under the cover of a false ceiling. Such a solution requires significant financial costs, but provides absolutely autonomous ventilation of all rooms of the apartment, regardless of the state of the overall system.

Thus, the installation of ventilation in the apartment can be done independently. In most cases, to ensure the necessary air movement, it is enough to install several inlet valves and an exhaust fan.