Installation of the grounding scheme at the dacha with their own hands

The construction of a private house is a complex process, which can be conditionally divided into several stages and one of them is the installation of a grounding scheme at the dacha with their own hands.

Generally, every building should be equipped with a grounding system and if the building itself is responsible for the erection of the apartment building, the owner of the private house is obliged to take care of it himself.

The design and layout of such a system depends mainly on the characteristics of the house itself and the conditions of connection of various equipment.

It should be remembered that a private house is an object of increased danger, which is subject to various environmental influences.

In addition to the danger posed by the appliances themselves, an electric shock may also occur due to the impact of a lightning strike, and therefore the grounding circuit must be tied to a lightning rod in the form of, for example, a television antenna.

The grounding loop is arranged according to certain rules and provides protection from a faulty water heater, as well as other electrical household appliances, which need to be interconnected in a special way.

To answer the question how to make grounding in the country, it is necessary first to understand why it is needed and on what principle the contour operates.

Why it is necessary to ground

The conditionally electric current can be equated to ordinary water by the principle that it has the property of flowing in the direction of the least resistance.

Modern country house is difficult to imagine without a variety of household appliances that help make life more comfortable and comfortable.

Almost all household appliances installed in the house are supplied with electricity. Very often even hot water comes from an electric water heater. Of course, each such device must necessarily be equipped with both fuses and appropriate insulation, the main purpose of which is to protect a person from a possible electric shock.

Very often it can happen that the insulation of the device, for example an electric water heater, is violated for various reasons and if it does not have a protective device, then a person can get an electric shock.

As protective measures and grounding is carried out in the country by their own hands. Despite the fact that the grounding scheme can be very different, the principle of its operation is the same in all cases.

The most optimal and qualitative one is the grounding, which has the smallest resistance value.

As you know, the current will go in the direction in which it will have the least resistance. In a private house, it is necessary to assemble a circuit in which the resistance will have minimum values.

In any case, it is necessary to achieve such an index of resistance, which will be less resistance of the human body and only then the collected contour can provide effective protection.

For example, if the electric water heater installed in the house is connected to a circuit whose resistance is less than the resistance of the human body, then in case of its malfunction the current will go not on the human body, but will go to the circuit itself.

In addition, in a country house, it is necessary to provide for the connection of a television antenna, acting as a lightning rod directly to the ground loop.

Today in the specialized stores you can purchase a ready-made grounding kit, but you can also assemble the protective circuit yourself.

Basic grounding components of the

When grounding is used, even if a ready factory set is used, great importance is played by the soil near the house, as well as the depth at which the main circuit will be buried.

In order to perform the correct grounding, it is necessary to take into account several different factors, namely the type of the soil itself and the depth of the groundwater.

In any case, one general rule should be considered for all protective circuits, even if a factory grounding kit is used.

It consists in the fact that the more moist the ground, the shallower the depth to which the electrodes are buried in the ground.

In addition, in this case, the step between the electrodes themselves must have a minimum value.

Also taken into account and the composition of the soil itself, for example, the value of peat resistance, less than that of chernozem or sand, and this parameter will grow depending on the depth of the water.

Before you make a grounding in the country, you need to take all this into account and make the appropriate calculations.

Experts do not recommend burying electrodes to a depth that exceeds three meters, and it is impossible to drive them to a depth of less than a meter and a half.

Here everything depends mainly on how far from the surface of the earth the groundwaters pass.

If this value is two and a half meters, then the optimum depth for the electrodes is about two meters.

You should also correctly calculate the pitch between the electrodes. In most cases, you should adhere to a value of one and a half to three meters.

The protective circuit must be formed by at least three separate electrodes connected to each other in a specific circuit. They can be arranged in the form of a triangle or in a row.

In addition, the contour itself must be at least three meters from the foundation of the building.

If you are using a ready-made grounding kit, then it should contain the appropriate instruction, which will tell you how to properly mount it and connect it.

In all other cases, in order to properly ground the house, it is better to seek advice from qualified specialists.

Grounding peculiarities in the country house

In most cases, the grounding device of a private house assumes a scheme in the form of a triangle, at the vertices of which the electrodes themselves are located.

In addition, this scheme assumes the presence of a lightning rod in the form of an antenna. In this case, if a water heater fails, for example, all the current will go not through the body of a person, but directly into the ground.

The entire circuit consisting of electrodes must be performed at the same equal depth. Also, all the dug in electrodes should be connected correctly.

For these purposes it is best to use a strip of metal or ordinary reinforcement. The connection device must be made by welding.

From one of the electrodes it is necessary to bring the strip to the electric shield. Directly the electrodes themselves can produce a steel corner or reinforcement of the corresponding section.

Do not forget about the arrangement of the lightning rod, made in the form of an antenna, which must also be connected to the shield. As a rule, ready-made sets provide for their connection of electrodes to each other.

When selecting the materials for the electrodes and directly the contour itself, one should mainly repel from its section.

In order for the electrode to easily enter the ground, one of its ends can be sharpened. Of course, in order to maximally effectively ground the whole house, it is best to use a ready-made kit.

Such a set consists of a certain number of electrodes, which are connected together by a threaded connection.

Everyone can mount the complete set as soon as possible. In this case, it must have a connection to the power shield, which in turn has a tap and from the antenna.

In this case, the grounding device will protect all electrical appliances that are in the house, as the connection of the water heater or iron goes directly through the grounded shield.

Assembly stages

After all electrical appliances, including the water heater and the antenna in the house are connected to the common shield, as well as the material of the electrodes and the optimum depth of their digging, it is possible to start working on the terrain.

Even if you use a factory kit, you still have to dig a trench. It should be located at a distance no more than ten meters from the general shield.

First, a pit is digged in the form of a triangle with equal sides, then a trench is made from it in the direction of the shield itself.

After this, at the required depth, you should drive the electrodes themselves at each vertex of the triangle. In the event that the wells under the electrodes were drilled, it is recommended to cover the indentations with a mixture of sand and salt.

This will make it possible to further reduce the earthing value, and accordingly increase the protective property of the circuit.

Electrodes after digging should be slightly above ground level. This will make it possible to connect them without problems.

They should be connected together by welding, since only such a connection will ensure maximum efficiency.

If a factory kit is used, there is a screw connection in most cases, which should be assembled.

As a result, you should get a closed triangle, at the vertices of which the electrodes themselves will be located.

Next, draw a strip directly from the triangular contour to the power cabinet and secure it firmly with a bolt.

You should also ensure that the antenna is connected to the shield. All work must be done extremely carefully and carefully, carefully checking all the connections between each other.

As already mentioned above, it is better to use a factory grounding kit, the kit of which consists of all the necessary components.

Some recommendations of

Upon completion of all work on the grounding of the dacha, a thorough check of the circuit must be carried out without fail. For these purposes, you must acquire an instrument that is called an ohmmeter.

It is better if such a check is carried out by a qualified specialist who will be able to make all the necessary measurements as correctly as possible and on the basis of them will make all the necessary documentation.

Grounding will be considered qualitative and effective if the resistance value is less than 4 ohms.

Otherwise, it is necessary to expand the ground loop and install additional elements.

You should also check the connection of the antenna, which will act as a lightning rod, directly to the main shield.

In general, the connection of the antenna is an important point in the assembly of grounding in the country, as it helps to protect the structure from natural risks.

Anyone who has a house in a rocky terrain will have to equip the ground with a horizontal connection scheme.

Radial or horizontal types of electrodes should be used for these purposes, which must form a contour in the form of divergent rays.

The task of grounding the house, which is located on the pile foundation type, is slightly simplified. In this case, the ground loop can be arranged using piles.

If all work on the arrangement of grounding in a country house will be carried out correctly, the risk of electric shock from electric appliances will be reduced to a minimum.

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