How to connect a motion sensor for lighting?

What is the principle of operation?

Many people are wondering how this detector works. In order for the readers of "Sam Electrician" to be fully aware, first quickly go over the basic principle of the sensor action.

The activation and activation of the luminaire will depend on which type of detector you have selected. To date, there are the following types of motion sensors for lighting:

• sound - triggered by the noise level in the detection zone;
• vibrational - close the circuit if a moving object is detected nearby;
• infrared - react to heat.

For street applications, it is best to install a second version of the motion sensor, which is also suitable for use in the apartment( entrance).The other two options are more often used in security systems. As for the principle of operation, everything is not difficult - the detector, when an object is detected( or sound / temperature increases), gives a signal, as a result of which the relay closes the circuit and the light turns on.

By the way, a simple detector can be made by hand, unless of course you have the slightest skills of working with a soldering iron. If there was an interest in creating such a useful homemade, we recommend that you view the video lesson provided below.

Ways to connect to the

network The second, important nuance that you should know is the connection diagram of the motion sensor to the lighting. To date, the device can be connected directly to the luminaire, through a conventional switch or in combination with another detector installed elsewhere.

To your attention, all four options for wiring to the terminals:

By the way, it is not necessary to output a new line from the junction box, creating additional shtroby in the wall. The device for controlling the light can be connected to the outlet by connecting an electrical cord with a plug or "cut" directly to the connection point of the chandelier to the mains. Also, there are modern models that run on batteries( wireless).

Regarding the first connection of the motion sensor, it is the simplest, but at the same time, the least convenient for use in the house and apartment, becauselight will only turn on when detection occurs. The second option is more convenient, because it becomes possible to switch the circuit to a conventional keyswitch. In this case, the current will go around the detector, which will make the lighting in the room constant until the switch does not open the circuit manually.

The electrical circuit with a magnetic starter is used in case you decide to connect to the detector powerful light sources, for example, several projectors. The fact is that one of the characteristics of the sensor is the nominal power, which most often ranges from 500 to 1000 watts. If the total power of the light sources is greater than in the characteristics, it is necessary to add a magnetic starter to the circuit.

The last connection scheme is used if you need to monitor a spacious room or a winding corridor. This is due to the fact that the maximum coverage of a conventional device does not exceed 12 meters( expensive modern models can detect the object and within 20 meters).If you want to control a large area, for example, a garden in the country, which will be highlighted by a street lamp, one detector will not suffice and the territory will be only partially under control. The same situation with the winding corridor, in which you decide to install a motion sensor for lighting. Each turn is an obstacle, beyond which control will not be carried out. That is why, in order for the trigger to occur and, accordingly, the inclusion of light, it is necessary to connect the detectors at several points.

Assembly instruction

With the wiring diagram and the operating principle of the device, we sorted it out. The last and most important thing is to provide the technology for connecting the motion sensor for lighting.

So, to connect the motion sensor to the 220 V network with your own hands, you should perform the following steps:

1. Determine the connection diagram.
2. Choose the most suitable place for installing the detector. Most often the case is fixed in the corner of the room or on the ceiling. If you decide to install on the street, then it is necessary to act on the circumstances. The main factor is the angle of the sensor. You must choose the most optimal housing location to minimize all dead zones. Usually for this purpose a supporting wall of a building or a street lamp support is used.
3. Disconnect the electric power on the input shield, You will have to deal with bare lead wires from the network.
4. According to the chosen scheme, connect 3 wires to the terminals on the sensor body( they can be seen in the photo above) and in the lamp itself. Observe the color coding of the wires and lean on the labels above the connectors so as not to confuse the wires. Having confused the phase and zero you not only damage the electrical wiring, but you can also put your life in danger, so be more careful.
5. Adjust the controls on the housing so that they are in the optimum positions. On the front panel of the motion sensor you can see up to four main controls: "LUX" - the level of illumination at which the trigger occurs, "TIME" - the delay time of the light off, after detection, "SENS" - sensitivity of the device to the trigger, "MIC"( not found in all models) - regulation of the noise level pi which the circuit closes. All these adjustments should be adjusted in an individual case. For example, why the light detector will turn on the light during the day or for as long as 420 s( maximum setting), if it is possible to set the trigger only at night, for 10 seconds while this is a person, not a cat or other small object( an example for street use).
6. Turn on the electricity on the switchboard and proceed to testing, you may have to change the settings or the location of the product.

Finally I would like to give a couple of tips for installing and connecting the motion sensor for lighting. First, it is desirable to place the body of products away from devices that emit electromagnetic waves, becausethey can trigger a false alarm. Secondly, often wipe the dust from the lens, becauseAny contamination will be negatively reflected in the effectiveness of the system's operation. And, thirdly, if you decided to connect the detector to the dacha, place it away from trees and bushes, which will also be a hindrance!

Related material:

• How to make the LED spotlight by yourself
• How to connect the light switch
• How to connect the floodlight to the motion sensor