Plaster types - general concepts
Plaster is a material that is used for finishing surfaces, giving them a shape, texture, texture, protecting walls and rooms from moisture and temperature changes, preparing surfaces for painting, final decorative finishing, etc. Viewsplaster walls depend on the conditions of future operation and the surface on which they will be applied. In addition, plasters are divided according to their intended purpose, composition and method of application.
In general, all plasters can be divided into two large types: decorative plasters and plasters conventional. Decorative are designed for design of interior and exterior walls and surfaces, ordinary - for subsequent painting. Both these types of plaster are in turn subdivided into a number of smaller ones, distinguished by one or other characteristic features, and also by the scope of application.
Classification plaster
So, for the purpose of the plaster are divided into ordinary and decorative. Among the usual allocate the following types of plaster:
- Simple. This plaster is applied in two layers and is performed in non-residential premises that do not require special finishing - in attics, basements, various temporary structures, warehouses, etc.
- Improved. Plaster, which is used for finishing residential and public premises - apartments, schools, hospitals;It is also used for plastering facades. Improved plaster is applied in three standard layers: spray, primer and cover.
- High-quality. High-quality plaster is used to decorate theaters, museums, hotels, etc. It is applied in several layers and requires the use of plaster marks and lighthouses.
By the way the plasters are made, they are divided into wet and dry .Wet plaster is carried out in a standard way, with the preparation of mortar and a long process of drying the surface. Its advantages include universality: it is undemanding to moisture, adheres firmly to the surface, it can be given any shape, and it leaves no stitches. In fact, the only drawback of wet( monolithic) plastering is the difficulty in preparing the mortar and the duration of its drying. Dry plaster is free from these difficulties, but it is critical to the conditions in the room.
The answer to the question, what kind of plaster happens, it can often be and its composition. There are many varieties of plaster mortar - based on cement, lime, gypsum, using various kinds of additives and impurities. It is thanks to additives that the plaster acquires soundproof, waterproof and other specific properties.
Types of decorative plaster
There are many varieties of decorative plaster. The most common classification divides all decorative plaster into four main types:
- Structural. Structural plaster includes special granules of various sizes - up to 3 mm, which create the effect of "fur coat".Using different sprayers, you can create a variety of drawings.
- Postpatch. Textured plasters are characterized by plasticity, which allows them to form various kinds of decorative elements: bas-reliefs, panels, etc.
- Mineral. This is plaster with the addition of various minerals - quartz, granite, marble, etc. With its help, you can prepare spectacular natural textures.
- Venetian. The use of Venetian plaster allows you to create a simulation of the decoration of the premises with valuable materials - marble, malachite, etc. With properly performed work "by sight" it is almost impossible to distinguish a fake.
Decorative plaster is also divided according to the type of bonding element - on plasters on water and non-aqueous basis. The composition of non-aqueous plasters usually includes epoxy resin or polyurethane. Plasters on epoxy resin are used only in enclosed spaces, while polyurethane can be used also for finishing facades.