Description of facing ceramics
Exterior wall surfaces are most exposed to atmospheric precipitation, sunlight and temperature changes. It is because of this that it is necessary to choose high-quality and stable building material for facing the walls. Coverings should serve at least 5-10 years, while they not only protect the building from harmful effects, but also look presentable.
The most suitable material for these requirements are ceramic wall panels, which, in addition to their positive performance, are also economical. Due to the fact that the ceramic has a smooth and low porosity surface, it is least susceptible to the harmful effects of external factors.
Facing ceramics can be of different textures, shapes and colors. It can simulate:
- brick;
- treated stone;
- rough stone and so on.
When choosing ceramic panels for a building cladding, you need to carefully measure the surface area to calculate the required number of panels.
Application of ceramic panels
Ceramic cladding can be used both inside the building and outside. For cladding walls inside a dwelling, as a rule, use ceramic tiles. And for finishing the building outside - facade ceramic panels.
Wide application of ceramic wall cladding has only three types:
- panels, made by firing various clays( the texture and color depend on the technology of production and the chosen clay);
- glazed tiles( a glaze layer is applied to ordinary ceramics);
- carpet mosaic tiles( made by casting method).
Each of the above types of ceramics has its own characteristics and methods of application. As a rule, for tiling buildings outside use tiles, obtained by firing. The dimensions of such panels can be different. Carpet-mosaic ceramic tiles are used for interior and exterior decoration of walls, columns, balconies, as well as for the production of decorative panels. Glazed panels are made of hourly-bright clay, covered with multicolored glaze.
Mounting ceramics
In the process of finishing the building with large-sized ceramic tiles, die-molded metal molds are used, which are fastened to the pallet of the panels with screws. A soft cloth of the same size as the product is laid out on the surface of the tray covered with matrices. Tiles are placed in the cells of the panels.
Important! Before laying the cement-sand mortar, the ceramic tiles must be moistened with water.
Large-sized tiles stacked individually and manually, which requires a lot of time and labor. Therefore, as an alternative, you can choose a small ceramic tile and a tavern "kabanchik", which are pre-glued on kraft paper and produced in the form of rugs.
Important! To glue the panels, it is necessary to use a special glue, the basis of which is urea-formaldehyde resin.
Adhesive is manufactured 3 hours before its application, then applied to the back surface of the tile, pre-treated with a chisel( the surface must also be machined with a chisel) and applied to the surface. At the same time, it is necessary to press the panel hard so that it adheres well to the wall, and an extra glue comes out, which is removed with a spatula.