Types and application of
blocks The name of the material was obtained from the first of its filler - blast furnace slag. If earlier only such filler was used in production, then today it is possible to choose a cinder block with "stuffing" from a variety of materials. Consider the main ones that are used in the production of the block:
- slag;
- rubble;
- sand;
- different combinations: brick, concrete, and cement;
- expanded clay. Due to the "swelling" in the melting of clay, these fillers show fairly good thermal conductivity properties;
- materials obtained after coal combustion: slag and ash;
- pearlite is a volcanic rock. The crushed perlite is heated, when water passes into steam, the softened rock swells and becomes larger in volume. The filler is the grains that are obtained as a result;
- sawdust.
It should be noted that the choice of filler for a concrete block determines the technical characteristics of this material: strength, frost resistance, density. So to get a solid cinder block, take sand, pebbles or crushed stone. Due to this, the material becomes heavy and dense, having properties of high thermal conductivity.
Lightweight concrete mixture is made of expanded clay, perlite and slag. Of these materials, the cinder block will be easier and with less thermal conductivity. Increase the heat resistance and provide the unit with the property of fire safety will be able to ecological material - sawdust.
In connection with this cinder block is a product that is often used in all areas of construction.
There are two types of cinder block depending on their density:
- hollow - used for the construction of partitions for the house, as well as walls. The type and number of internal cavities affect the basic properties of the material;
- solid - used for the construction of various types of structures. This cinder block is very strong.
Let us consider in more detail the first type of slag block, which differs by the presence of voids in the material:
- The voidness of the cinder block is 40%.Such material shows the lowest strength, but it has a high degree of thermal conductivity. Used in the construction of structures where a metal frame is used. In addition, it is not bad as a heater in combination with the most durable components.
- Vulcanability is 30%.This indicator of voidness allows us to say that the material conducts heat well. This is why this type of cinder block has found wide application in construction.
Such products are produced with chambers inside a round kind, rectangular or oval. The first and the last are fairly solid. However, slag blocks having rectangular cavities have the convenience of mounting. They can break even without using certain tools.
Characteristics of slag block
Slag block is a popular product that is made from a concrete mix of unchanged composition( water, binder and filler), using the vibration shaking method. Even after many years the slag block retains its shape, so it is suitable for the erection of residential buildings, which must stand for a long time.
Advantages of
blocks The slag block is the most practical material in construction. Firstly, it is promoted by the large sizes, if to compare with a brick. This increases the speed of construction, and also reduces the consumption of mortar, which affects the total cost of the building from the cinder block. Secondly, the practicality of the product is achieved in connection with its basic properties - accessibility and durability. Therefore, the cinder block is the leader among modern building materials.
Disadvantages of
blocks It is very difficult to name the shortcomings of the material. They are so insignificant that it will be foolish to refuse to use the cinder block because of them. For some, the large size and weight of this product are a disadvantage, which causes undoubted difficulties in the transportation and installation of buildings with a large number of floors. Modern technology, in turn, neutralizes this alleged lack.
The high thermal conductivity of the material is also considered a disadvantage. However, the thermal conductivity of a concrete block is a property that depends directly on the use of the filler. If each brand of material is used in connection with its purpose, all the shortcomings will go away.
Slag block dimensions
At the initial stage of construction, the calculation of the number of cinder blocks is a necessary action. To do this, you need to know what size the material is. The dimensions of the block manufactured in industrial conditions are as follows:
- height - 188 mm;
- width - 190 mm;
- length is 390 mm.
As for the volume, one unit of slagblock is equivalent to 5 bricks. It has a block and other dimensions, although they are not so common: 395x195x195 mm and 400x200x200 mm. If we undertake to manufacture the slag block outside of industrial production, we can neglect the voidness of the material and make it for ourselves, but in no case can the standard dimensions be changed.
Calculator calculation of slag blocks
If you want to calculate the number of blocks, use a simple calculation method: the width is multiplied by a length of 190x390 mm. It will be somewhere 0, 074 m2.This will be the area of the wide face of the cinder block, which will be required, for example, to build a wall.
To calculate blocks per m2, divide the unit by the result that we received in m2 earlier: 1/0, 074. When rounding, we get 14. This number will be the number of blocks that are needed to build 1 m2 of the wall. To find out the total amount of necessary material, you need to multiply the resulting number by the entire area of the future wall.
To simplify your calculations, you can use the electronic calculator:
http: //izhstroyblok.ru/ bloki.php