How to make a garage of sandwich panels

A good car owner who really loves and cares about his car will do everything possible to provide with its " housing ".Long stay of the car exclusively in street conditions will necessarily affect negatively on the condition of the body parts, rubber seals, plastic and fabric finishing elements. In addition, the machine on street is much more susceptible to acts of vandalism, hacking, less protected from attempts by its theft.

If the owner of the car became a happy owner of a small area, which is enough to build a garage, then there is nothing to think about - you need to build. And in this case it often happens that there will be nothing more simple, quick and inexpensive, except how to make a garage of sandwich panels.

In than the advantages of a garage from sandwich panels?

Car owners resort to a variety of ways to protect their "favorites" from external influences.

The simplest, but by no means the best solution - waterproof awnings, which protect the car only from precipitation. Often such "shelters", on the contrary, stimulate the activation of corrosive processes. Hence, this approach can only be considered as a temporary measure, for example, with the departure of for the city of .

Metal prefabricated or self-made garages for a long time were almost the only option for most car owners. However, the temperature inside this box in the winter differs little from the outside, and even the installation of any heating devices( stoves, electric heaters) does not solve the problem - the heat instantly escapes through the cold metal walls. In summer, on sunny days in such a garage will be unbearably hot due to the heated metal planes of the roof and walls. So, this way or else, will have to think about reliable thermal insulation of such a structure.

The capital garage, built by from brick or other building blocks, provided good insulation, of course, will be an excellent option. However, this is by no means available to everyone, because of the complexity and high cost of implementing the project. In addition, it is not unusual for the of the allocated territory to simply prohibit the erection of capital structures.

Virtually all the above mentioned shortcomings are deprived of garages from sandwich panels .

These panels themselves are a "pie" consisting of two sheets of metal, between which is a layer of insulation - mineral wool, polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene. Typically, the outer metal sheet has a profiling to improve the strength of the panel, and the inner one can be profiled or smooth, for the convenience of the its mounts onto the carcass base.

In construction, sandwich panels are actively used and with external shells made of wood composite materials or polymers, but in the case of erecting garage it is better to give preference to metal garages.

The dimensions of the panels can be different. That, in length they can reach from 2 and even up to 12 meters. The width is usually about one meter. The thickness is determined by the insulation layer, which is selected based on the specific climatic conditions of the region.

Panels have a locking part that allows them to provide with a reliable connection among themselves in one plane.

Using a layer of porous material gives panels excellent thermal insulation qualities - such a garage will not need additional insulation work.

Video: the main characteristics of the sandwich panels

So, what are the advantages of a garage from sandwich panels :

• Even in severe frosts, the heat does not disappear from the rooms. And vice versa, in the summer period the garage will be kept cool.
• The layer of thermal insulation material gives more and noise-damping effect - sounds from the running engine or from works in the garage I will not t t guzzle households or neighbors.
• Despite its solid dimensions, the panels differ comparative with the ease of , and for the erection of a garage it will not be necessary to use a special lifting technique. On the foundation is not a significant load - that is, there is an opportunity to save at this stage of construction.
• Garage construction can be carried out at any time of year, it should not take a lot of time( without accounting for foundation work).
• Panels are safe in fire prevention, environmentally friendly, the protective multi-layer polymer coating of metal reliably protects the from corrosion.
• A variety of shades of sandwich panels will allow you to choose the best option, in harmony with the house and the rest of the buildings of the farmstead. The garage itself does not need any additional finishing.
• Construction of such a garage is much more economical than a capital one, both in terms of the cost of building materials, and in matters of general labor.

Which garage to choose for the construction of the

It is clear that the dimensions of the of the future garage will be limited to the existing site under its construction. Nevertheless, if it is built for a middle class car, the minimum dimensions in length and width are usually 6 and 4 meters, respectively. This will allow to carry out arrivals and departures without hindrance and gives more space for preventive or minor repairs under the roof.

Many car owners, in addition to the entrance gate, still and an additional door to enter the garage. It would be superfluous to equip one or even two windows - both for daylight penetration, and for providing with good ventilation.

Certainly, the specific dimensions of the garage are selected according to the dimensions of the existing car. So, if it is being built, for example, for a minibus, the will have and linear dimensions, and make the height appropriate.

The gates can be ordinary, on hinges, but in similar garages the roller shutter is often used. Such gates reliably are closed from the inside, which reduces the possibility of their unauthorized hacking.

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In addition, they will be optimal in conditions of inadequate space for opening conventional folding gates. The rollers can be equipped with an electric drive( also allows the to be opened manually), connected to a remote control system.

The roof can be planned with a gable or single-deck .In the first case, it is somewhat more complicated than on the device, but on it allows to provide sufficient slope of skates for efficient snow removal. Single-deck roof is easier to install, but recommends its only where there is not a significant snow load.

Both foreign and domestic manufacturers have mastered the production of ready-made garage kits from sandwich panels that have in its composition all the necessary elements for installation: panels, metal profiles for frame, fasteners , seals, additional profiled parts forprotection of joints and .This greatly simplifies the independent construction, especially since the such kits are necessarily accompanied by detailed assembly drawings. There is also the possibility of an individual order for a similar set of non-standard type - depending on the specific conditions of its installation and the wishes of the owner.

Getting started - preparing the foundation

No matter how light the garage of their sandwich panels was, for its construction it will take a reliable base, especially if the its installation is planned for many years. As a basis, usually a strip foundation is used - filled from mortar or laid from concrete blocks.

1. If the foundation is poured from the concrete solution, then a trench with a depth of about 500 mm and a width of 400 mm is digging under it. On "complex" unstable soils, it is possible to go deeper and up to 700 - 800 mm.

• The bottom of the trench is laid and tamped sand cushion thickness of at least 100 mm - it will help to compensate for soil fluctuations when it freezes.
• Next, a gravel layer( of the gravel) should be poured and tamped.
• Set formwork, so that the width of the belt obtained is 300 mm. A layer of waterproofing, for example, a dense polyethylene film , is pervaded, so that it exits over the formwork and is fixed on it. The height of the formwork can be equal to the height of the future foundation - then the leveling of the concrete will be carried out along the edge of the upper boards. In this case, the formwork is immediately aligned strictly horizontally.

• The height of the concrete belt above the ground can be different, but not less than 10 mm.
• The reinforcement mesh is installed. In the this case will be enough two belts from the rod Ø 12 - 16 mm - according to two or three from below and from above, connected by jumpers.
• The formwork is poured with concrete, which is carefully leveled by to its top slice or marked with marks( installed beacons).The air airbags ( " bayonet " with a shovel) are compulsorily released - they can significantly disrupt the strength of the garage foundation being created.

• After a day, it is advisable to cover the filled belt with polyethylene with film, and at the beginning it should be wetted daily for the most complete maturation of concrete and the required strength.
• Completely the foundation will be ready for further work of only through 3 - 4 weeks. Before the assembly of frame parts, the concrete belt is forgiven by a layer of waterproofing, most often - ruberoid.

If you want , you can immediately pour and screed for the floor of the future garage. However, many owners of leave it for later, moving to arrangement of floor after roof erection - this gives the possibility of to carry out work without haste, in protected from precipitation and wind space, especially since is oftenAt the same time, an inspection pit is also equipped.

2. You can accelerate the foundation if the garage is erected on a dense, stable ground. In this case, you can lay it out of the ready-made concrete slabs, also laid in a shallow trench on a sand-gravel pillow.

is sometimes sufficient. The ready prefabricated block foundation t t is also closed on top by a layer of waterproofing material.

Assembly of the garage frame

The garage frame made of sandwich panels can be made of metal or wood.

• In case the uses wood, the timber cross-section must be at least 100 × 100 mm .The bars are attached to each other by with a friend with using metal corners and overlays. An example of a wooden frame is given by on the drawing:

• The metal frame is made from a steel profile( corner or rectangular pipe) by welding or bolted connections,but very often use galvanized steel U-shaped profiles, which are fastened with screws. It is these details that often go in the finished sets of prefabricated garages.

Across the perimeter of the foundation, the is securely attached to the base bolt - for this, anchors or special dowels for concrete are used. The installation of these components must be precisely aligned horizontally - you may need a slight adjustment by installing the pads.

The very wall frame is inherently is an rigid rectangle that has additional vertical racks and horizontal jumpers between them. The load-bearing, reinforced struts should be located at the corners, on the contour of the garage door. Intermediates are placed between them evenly, maintaining a pitch when using galvanized profiles of about 500 - 800 mm. If the structure is constructed of steel, the distance may be greater, but not exceeding 3000 mm.

It is recommended that the assembly of each individual frame wall be carried out separately, in a horizontal position, carefully verifying the perpendicularity of the joints. After the preparation of all the assemblies, they are mounted in a common "box", fixed to the socle bolt and to each other at the corners.

panels installation. In the same way, roof elements are prepared and mounted with the same step - straight cross members in the case of one slope, or reinforced triangular structures - for gable roads.

After the complete assembly of the frame and its verification for strength, the sandwich panels are being installed.

Video: assembly of a skeleton made of metal profiles

Installation of wall and roof sandwich panels

The installation of wall panels can be carried out both horizontally and vertically. However, in the case under consideration, when constructing a garage, usually the panels are arranged vertically( the horizontal method is usually used if the height of the building exceeds 6 meters).

During installation, it is taken into account that the panels should not have direct contact with the foundation - a layer of plastic insulating material necessarily extends.

With vertical installation, the panels are fixed with screws to the upper and lower profile, and if necessary, they are connected together by means of metal covers.

Only special screws are used to fix the panels. They have two threaded sections - at the beginning , for fastening in the metal profile, and at the end, near the press washer with the gasket - for reliable holding and pressing in the wall of the panel itself.

The selection of the specific type and length of the screws depends on the material of the carcass base. For the installation of shaped steel parts, a special kind of fastening is used - shorter screws or rivets .

Special attention is paid to the smoothness of drilling holes and screwing fasteners - they must be carried out exclusively at right angles. It is necessary to adjust the tightening torque on the screwdriver beforehand. Insufficient force will not provide with a reliable fastening the panel to the frame guides. Pulling the same, with the back deflection of the press washer, can deform the panel or break reliable sealing the hole.

Installation always starts from the corner. The displayed starting panel is carefully aligned vertically and horizontally - it largely sets st pr the avidity of the direction of the remaining elements. To temporarily fix the panels on the frame when they are exposed, it is best to use clamps.

clamps. When marking the holes for self-tapping, note that they should not be located closer than 50 mm from the edge of the panel. The distance between neighboring self-tapping screws on one part is about 500 mm.

After the first panel is reinforced on the vertical stand, on the horizontal guides from above and below, go to the next docking. To ensure reliable sealing of joints, the grooves of the locking part of the fixed panel are smeared with silicone sealant. When pairing panels, you should achieve maximum connection density, so that a "cold bridge" is not formed at this point.

The locking part of the panels can be of different types. For walling, Z-lock is usually used, for roofing it is a roof-connection with a free metal wave that overlaps the wave on the installed previous panel.

Special attention is paid to the corner seams. The panels are installed end to end, the remaining slot is tightly filled with insulation material( in the figure - position 6).If panels with with a mineral filling are used, then mineral wool is used for sealing the joint, otherwise it is better to fill the cavity with polyurethane foam.

Then the angle is closed with a special shaped steel element( item 4) which is fastened to the panels with short screws( 3).

Once all the walls have been installed, all the walls are mounted, along the perimeter at the junction of the panels and the basement, the same insulating and insulating works are carried out as on the corners - filling the cavities with foam or with mineral wool , fixing the cover and basement.

If a gable roof is mounted( the diagram is below), then the opposite panels in the ridge part are installed with a clearance of 20 mm. From the bottom, this gap is hemmed with a special steel profile( item 4).The formed trapezoidal gap is filled with a heater( item 5), and then it is closed by the ridge casing( position 2), which is fixed with screws.

roofing sandwich panels During the installation, it may happen that you need to join the end parts of panels that do not have a lock connection. In this case, the joint must necessarily be on the supporting part of the frame. Panels are installed with a gap of 20 mm, the gap is filled with a heater, as well as in other described cases, and then the joint is closed with a latch( in the lower figure - item 2).

When installing the roofing panels, the overhang 250 - 300 mm , is required, which will then be required to install the catchment chutes - this will protect the walls from precipitation.

After the walls and roof are assembled, all seams should be covered, through which can penetrate the cold and moisture, with profile steel elements. Usually the necessary assortment of these products is present in the kit or it is easy to purchase separately.

Video: installation examples sandwich panels

Several nuances when working with sandwich panels

• Incoming from the factory of sandwich panels have protective plastic film. Its should only be removed after the completion of the installation work. In the course of work, only those areas on which any actions are performed are opened.
• Care should be taken not to damage the protective paintwork of the panels. If you still can not avoid scratching, then these places should be painted in 2 layers with the appropriate paint.
• During the , the installation of walls and roofs is prohibited from leaning against staircase panels or walkways. The support can only serve as a frame. It is forbidden to attach any construction equipment or devices to the panels.
• If it is necessary to cut the panels, do not use the angle grinder machine - "Bulgarian".The increased temperature when working with it will damage both the insulation layer and the protective coating of the metal sheet. For the , the cut uses a hand hacksaw, a jigsaw at a low frequency of the saw blade, a hand circular, and in some cases you can get by with metal scissors.

After the walls and roof are mounted, you can proceed to the installation of the gate of the chosen design. However, this topic requires detailed consideration in a separate publication.