As one of the most common modern insulating materials today, which is made from basalt raw materials by means of their high-temperature melting, basalt wool is considered. The process of manufacturing this building material in industry has a high ecological purity and without waste.
Basalt wool: brief description and benefits of
This kind of wool is available in the form of slabs and roll material of the following categories:
- soft,
- semi-rigid,
- hard variants.
This material has such an undeniable advantage as the ability to withstand the effects of high temperatures, which is why it is characterized by high fire resistance.
The main advantages of this thermal insulation material are:
- low thermal conductivity,
- high vapor permeability,
- long service life,
- high hydrophobicity,
- soundproofing property,
- stability of structure and shape volume,
- light weight, thanks to which installation work does not take much time.
Thermal insulation of frame house with basalt cotton wool
The fibrous structure of which the material consists begins to lose its shape at temperatures over 1000 degrees Celsius, which causes the use of cotton wool to effect the insulation of frame houses.
Most often, basalt cotton wool is used to mount the insulation layer both outside and inside the house. However, it is worth noting that the use of the material in question for indoor insulation is considered less beneficial from a constructive point of view. This is due to the fact that a layer of insulation, located from inside the building, contributes to the formation of condensation on the inner parts of the walls, which leads to a reduction in the lifetime of the frame of the building.
When installing a heat-insulating layer, special attention should be paid to the arrangement of hydro- and vapor-insulating layers on the walls. In order to avoid a reduction in the service life of the house, it is necessary to prevent the penetration of vapors and moisture into the frame of the building. Carrying out the installation of the thermal insulation layer, it is required to ensure the reliability of protection of the heater from the influence of unfavorable external factors. The layer of thermal insulation must be protected from the formation of condensate in it, as well as from the increased humidity that can be caused by the penetration of moisture from outside through the outer layer of the skin of the frame structure. In addition, it is required in the process to take measures to prevent capillary suction of groundwater.
Thermal insulation with basalt cotton wool: advice before starting the assembly work
No special knowledge and skills are required to perform the installation work on warming the house with basalt cotton wool. The installation technique is simple enough, therefore each owner, who has the slightest skills of carrying out construction work, will cope with it independently.
Basalt cotton wool when warming the house is best used in the form of slabs. Plates of a rectangular or wedge shape perfectly join each other, which does not create problems when performing assembly work.
It is recommended to prepare such materials and tools before the beginning of the thermal insulation:
- Insulation - basalt wool in the form of slabs.
- Pergamum.
- Reiki made of wood.
- Mounting foam.
- Building nails, knife.
- Hammer.
- Sanding grater.
Before starting the installation work, it is required to remove all cracks and cracks, for which a special mounting foam is used. However, it can be replaced with felt and paste, the use of which is a cheaper option.
Waterproofing process and its features
After this, a layer of vapor barrier is laid, which makes it possible to protect the insulation layer from the negative impact of moisture on it, which can condense on the inner surface of the roof. In order to preserve the longevity and other quality characteristics for the material, adequate ventilation is required. When carrying out roof insulation from the inside, to prevent the appearance of moisture on the heat-insulating material, it is required to lay a layer of a vapor barrier material between the cotton wool and the roofing material, which is a special film. It, in turn, creates a gap between the roof and the heater, preventing the formation of condensation. The vapor barrier material used for laying should have such characteristics as:
- providing the appropriate level of space ventilation and air passage,
- water vapor retention.
As a vapor barrier layer, it is possible to use foil, ordinary polyethylene film or use a glassine, which is fixed by using a construction stapler. In addition to the stapler, it is possible to use a double-sided adhesive tape for fastening, which makes it possible to create additional tightness when laying the vapor barrier.
Laying the vapor barrier
When carrying out the insulation of the roof frame house waterproofing is laid directly under the roof. This is required to prevent the penetration in winter of condensate moisture vapor, which is formed directly on the roof surface, to the layer of insulation. Waterproofing material is a kind of barrier that prevents the penetration of moisture not only to the insulation, but also the wooden base of the structure. As a waterproofing material, a conventional polyethylene film can be used. The film strips are attached to the surface overlapping. First, the lower strips are fixed, and the upper strips are stacked so that the lower ones are overlapped. Overlapping of the strips should be carried out in such a way that moisture does not flow under them.
Fastening of heat-insulating material is carried out with the help of a construction stapler to the rafters, if the thickness of the material is 50 millimeters. Under the slabs of basalt cotton wool is fastened a lath made of thin wooden slats. If the insulation is made by a material having a thickness of 100 millimeters, then it can be laid in the spacer between the rafters. When laying material, use special glue, screws and mastics.
Thermal insulation of the frame house roof: Step-by-step instruction
The process of warming the walls of the frame house with the help of plates from basalt wool begins with:
- The installation of a special cornice, which is made of metal. Fastening of the cornice is carried out to the wall in the area of the socle with the help of dowels. The main function of the cornice is to facilitate the laying of the insulation and the simultaneous protection of the material from the negative impact caused by small rodents( mice and rats).
Mounting of metal guides
- Fastening of heat-insulating boards with the use of polymer cement glue, which ensures high-quality fastening of plates to the wall basis. Adhesive composition is distributed on the surface of the plate in a uniform layer, after which it is recommended to press the plate firmly against the wall structure. The heater is installed in the direction from the bottom to the top and from the right to the left. Initially, whole plates begin to be assembled and after large areas are already covered with thermal insulation, installation is carried out in small areas for which cutting of slabs is required.
Process of fastening basalt wool
- The surface is leveled using a grinding pad, which is recommended for the subsequent installation of a ventilated facade.
Thus, we were convinced that the insulation of the frame house with basalt cotton wool is not a difficult technique with which even novice builders are able to cope, and in conclusion let's watch the video about warming the house.
