Internal drain. Device
To prevent snow or water from seeping into the living areas and eroding the floors, a roof is provided, the surface of which is smoothly reduced to the drain opening, a vertically standing pipe with a water intake funnel at the top and an inclined pipe at the bottom with an outer outlet. Have you noticed how during the rain near the entrance to the entrance from the pipe begins to flow water? This is the very issue.
So, the internal drainage device is as follows:
- Funnel of the water intake.
- A stairway that passes through all the floors.
- Branch pipe.
- Release.
The system is designed in such a way that, despite the plus or minus "overboard" water will be removed from the roof. In no case should you have a drain close to the outer walls, otherwise it will just freeze in winter, and it will take more than a day to defrost in spring, as a result of spring rains everyone will be in apartments on the upper floors.
The structure has certain features:
- funnel has an expanded base and is additionally used as a clamp for waterproofing;
- funnels should be located at a distance of not more than 48 cm. This condition must be observed for any type of roof construction;
- in each section of the roof of the building is allowed one funnel;
- for internal drainage is required labor of a diameter of 85, 100 150, 200 mm;
- on the ground floor should be equipped with inspection wells to detect blockages.
Types of internal gutters
Depending on the design, the drains can be gravity and siphon. In gravity collection and discharge of water is carried out on gutters with a slope. This system is partially filled with water.
The siphon system works because it is completely filled with water. In this case, a solid water column is created, which originates in the funnel and ends in an outlet to the sewer. When the rainfall level decreases, a discharge takes place, which draws sediments from the funnel and moves them into a vertical riser. The result is forced removal of water from the roof, and this is much more effective.
What is taken into account in the calculation of the internal drainage system
Engineers provide a drainage system at the design stage of the building. The design should be arranged in such a way that the water can be removed even if the air is not able to get into the funnel. When calculating it is necessary to take into account:
- climatic features of the region;
- rainfall;
- structural features of the roof;
- dimensions of the building;
- reverse water pressure.
How to troubleshoot the internal drainage of the
high-rise buildings The siphon system often becomes gravity-laden by installing larger diameter pipes than the previous ones. In the event of a breakdown of the internal drainage in the apartment house, a complete replacement of the system in all apartments is made, if these are old houses. If the drain is located in a common corridor and there has been a breakdown, routine cleaning may not be effective. Easier problems, such as overgrowing a hole on the roof( and this also happens in the case of plant seeds) can easily be eliminated by freeing a hole from unnecessary vegetation.
From the correct arrangement and operation, as well as from the attentive attitude towards your home, the comfort of tenants' living and the protection of the building depends on the influence of atmospheric precipitation.
