Energy saving house - a life without superfluous expenses

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Energy-saving house at the design and preparation stage for construction

The right place for your future energy-saving house is the basis of the basics, it is here that the savings you will begin to count in the future. Arrange it in the valley, where the temperature of the ground is always low enough, and your foundation will constantly be exposed to the continuing assault from the dank damp, using all the heat resources of the house for defense. Build a house on a hill, and the house literally will throw heat on the wind, because of what the energy costs for heating will increase dramatically. The ideal place for a house - on the slope, more precisely, on its southern side , where there will be both protection from the northern winds, and from the moisture accumulating at the foot of the nameless height. It does not matter how the base for the house will be prepared, it can be a dug in the slope or an artificially created terrace piled inside a pre-prepared fence on the slope.

If you decide to build energy-efficient housing on the principle of passive houses common in Germany today, it is desirable to rent a mobile drilling rig and drill wells for the ground circuit of the heat pump. True, this process is quite expensive, so you can do with a cheaper option of a ground collector, which is laid under the ground in a specially dug trench( which requires a certain free area).If such a system does not suit you, you can do just one thermal insulation of the building. And to begin, no doubt, follows from the basement or basement floor. The swarm is a pit and a half of human growth, that is, about 3.5 meters, so that the basement room is spacious. The easiest way is to dig on a slope in a previously prepared area, which was mentioned above.

To build a house on an earthen terrace, it must be prepared at least a year in order for the earth to cave in.

First of all, we provide thermal insulation of the house from the ground, for which the bottom of the foundation pit is laid such a wonderful insulation, like foam glass, without joints and gluing the side surfaces between each other. A polyethylene film is laid on top of which the reinforcement for the reinforced concrete foundation cushion is tied. On the perimeter welded vertical bars of the reinforcement for the walls of the underground floor and installed over the horizontal grid formwork. Fill the resulting structure with a concrete mixture, resulting in a monolith of the insulated foundation and walls. If the underground floor provides internal walls, they also prepare the reinforcing lath in advance, but it is poured later, after the external box has solidified. All air channels, including the basement ventilation, electrical cables and other home networks are located in this very crate, where they are poured with concrete.

Energy-saving technologies for the home with minimum costs

So, we have a box of an underground floor with a warm foundation, which is located in a foundation pit, the walls of which recede from our design by about half a meter. This gives us freedom of action on the outside of the structure, where it is necessary to glue all the walls with the same foam glass. A certain technology should be observed - it is necessary to smear with glue the whole plane of the heat insulation plate, using a notched trowel, only then it will be possible to guarantee the strength of the fasteners. Warming the walls 2 meters from the bottom of the pit, you can use one more energy-saving technologies for the house, namely - to lay the pipes of the ground heat exchanger. True, it is produced only in Germany, but the cost of transporting the pipes will be fully justified: passing through the heat exchanger, the air from the street in winter frost heats up to at least zero temperature. By connecting to the heat exchanger a ventilation system with recuperation( i.e. own heat exchange), it can be expected that the ventilation will not freeze. In this case, the recuperator will work more efficiently.

To lay a ground heat exchanger, it is enough to fill the gap between the walls of the pit and the box of the underground floor with a soil thickness of one and a half meters( with periodic ramming), leaving a single row of insulation plates on the surface. The heat exchanger tubes are laid on the ground, then they are covered with coarse-grained sand, and on top with the same soil previously removed from the excavation. We continue to insulate the walls with foam glass, reaching the base of the building, we fall asleep the foundation pit almost to the very edge, in the interval between the lots of the ground, connecting the heat pump to the outside system of the ground contour near the surface of the pipe. Completely we fall asleep a foundation ditch, after that warming up of a blind zone with its subsequent stacking is carried out. Now the lower part of the house is completely isolated from the cold, we pass to its walls and roof.

Energy-saving house with their own hands, the final stage of the

The house without walls and roofs is not a house, so we start to lift the brick walls from the concrete basement, to which the insulation boards have already been glued. The thickness of the walls in one brick, that is, 25 centimeters, given the pasting on the outside of the foam glass, this will be enough. Pasting continues from those plates that are on the plinth, without gaps, promazyvat joints between individual elements. Since this material has excellent hydro and vapor tightness, you will not need any other insulating materials. Plates of heat insulation made of foamed silicate glass are removed under the roof itself, to the connection with the roof insulation. Overlaps are insulated with the same foam glass, on top of which liquid floors or polystyrene concrete screeds are applied. Just before laying the flooring, you can make the system "warm floor".

The roof is covered with two layers of insulation: from the bottom under the crate between the rafters the slabs are laid tightly, without gaps. Over the rafters and the battens the second layer of thermal insulation is laid. As such, high-quality basaltic fiber can be used( with low quality mineral wool can be hazardous to health ).However, since we insulate the walls with foam glass, it is also best for them to perform the thermal insulation of the roof, in such a way that the lower layer is laid with a twenty-centimeter outlet at the edge of the wall. This will connect the roofing and wall insulation in a closed enclosure around the house, eliminating the occurrence of bridges for leakage from the premises of heat.

The leakproofness test, provided the quality insulated double-glazed windows, is performed in the only possible way: the room is equipped with measuring equipment, after which air is pumped under high pressure. If in the artificially created zone of increased pressure the readings of the instruments change very slowly or do not change at all, then the tightness is fully observed and the housing has really turned out to be energy-saving.

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