How wood-burning stoves work on wood
Virtually all wood-fired kilns operate on the same principle: wood is burnt in the firebox, which burns up quickly enough, heating the equipment itself, whose walls give this heat to the room. As a result, the temperature in the room rises quickly, but also drops quickly, so you need to constantly add fuel.
Fuel is usually started from the bottom. Fire quickly rises, the wood quickly burns and only coals remain. Therefore, to maintain the flame, you have to constantly throw them. A distinctive feature of long-life heating units is the possibility to receive heat for a long time without the need to permanently place firewood in the furnace. Such gaps may be up to 20 hours. This is achieved due to the fact that the combustion process proceeds in the opposite direction, i.e.from top to bottom, and oxygen is fed in limited doses to a certain place, so the thrust decreases and the fuel burns slower.
Classification of long-burning furnaces
Such heating devices come in several types: with air and water circuits. By appointment, they are divided into:
- Heating:
- For bath;
- Cookware;
- Heating and cooking;
Furnaces are made of steel, cast iron or bricks. As fuel used:
- Wood;
- Coal;Wood chips and so on.
Long-burning furnaces with a water circuit
One of the most popular models are wood-fired furnaces with a water circuit. These products are made of cast iron or steel and are used as the main source of heating, and additional.
The principle of operation of such devices is similar to the principle of operation of a solid fuel boiler. A steel heat exchanger with water is located inside the structure, in a furnace or in a chimney. When the furnace is operating, the water is heated and transferred to the radiator. Thus, uniform heating occurs throughout the perimeter of the room.
Advantages of such long-burning furnaces are:
- Possibility of uniform heating of one or several rooms of a large area;
- Cost-effectiveness through the use of affordable and inexpensive fuel;
- Energy saving, because this equipment does not require power connection
Gas-fired wood-burning stoves and their features
All other gas-fired furnaces are characterized by the presence of not one, but two combustion chambers. The lower chamber is used as a gasification compartment, in which the access of oxygen is restricted and the firewood does not burn, but smolder. The gas released during the smoldering process is fed into the upper chamber and burns completely and heats the air, which through the air duct leaves the room and heats it.
The main advantage of such equipment is cost-effectiveness, since the design of such an aggregate allows for a minimum gas consumption, it can function for a long time - up to 16-18 hours.
The price of such a stove is quite acceptable, but having certain skills, you can make it yourself. For this it is necessary:
- The sheet metal is welded to a two-chamber case of the size you need;
- A steel tube is connected to this structure, which will serve as an airflow regulator;
- In addition, a grate is installed between the chambers, and on the input and output - power and gasifier regulators;
- The body is welded to a heat exchanger consisting of a lower and upper tube for drawing in the cold and recoil of hot air.
- The surface of the shell is treated with
refractory paint. To buy a ready-made long-burning furnace or to build it independently depends not only on financial possibilities, but also on the features of its use.
