Selection of building materials
From internal pipelines, the drains are transported through the external to storage tanks or septic tanks. In order for this function to be carried out at the proper level, it is necessary to ensure the correct laying of the pipes.
Most often, polymer pipes made of polypropylene, polyethylene and polyvinylchloride, painted in orange, are used for mounting the sewage network.
In the presence of dynamic loads on the pipeline network. It is worth choosing corrugated polymer pipes, consisting of two layers of material. The connection is made with the help of shaped parts, usually in the socket. Such pipelines are less exposed to corrosion, durable and due to low wall roughness they do not create blockages and fouling. They are laid to a depth of less than 3 m.
Sequence of laying pipes
- Earthwork. First, you need to properly excavate the trench, only then begins the laying of sewer pipes in the ground. The technology of this process is as follows:
- Determination of the depth of the trench - according to regulatory documents, it must be greater than the depth of freezing of the soil in winter, and the location of the groundwater should be taken into account.
- Preparation of the trench - leveling of the bottom surface, slope is made according to calculations( usually 1-2 cm per running meter), the substrate is filled with crushed stone 15 cm thick and its seal, as well as small pits
- are made in the connection points of pipelines and fittings. Construction works. Laying pipes should start from the foundations of buildings:
- Laying pipelines in the trench with a bell and cleaning their edges
- Lubricating the edges with a special substance and installing the pipe into the socket as far as the stop
- Connecting all the other parts of the
For the convenience of work, the correct and reliable connection of pipelines must be measured beforehandthe depth of entry of the pipe into the socket and apply appropriate marks.
Turns on the main line are constructed by the value of 15, 30 and 45 degrees. Every 15 meters the pipes are equipped with a revision or cleaning.
- Backfilling of the trench is the final stage of construction work, after the laying of sewer pipes in the ground. The backfill technology involves checking the slope of the system after connecting all the elements. In order to fill the trench, the soil formed in the process of excavation, which is formerly ground and disposed of large inclusions, is used.
For backfilling, it is forbidden to use soil containing stones or solid blocks larger than 30 cm, as they can damage sewer pipes.
The trench is gradually filled with earth, each layer approximately 5 cm thick ramming the mound only in the lateral part of the pipelines. It is forbidden to tamper with them, as the possibility of deformation or damage to the pipe is not ruled out.
Heat insulation of sewer pipes
Pipelines that need thermal insulation are usually those that are above the freezing point of the soil or releases from internal sewerage. Usually for these purposes, polymeric heaters such as stenoflex or powerflex are used. Thermal insulation is placed around the pipelines and is well fixed by screeds or wire. Only after installing the heater and checking the slope of the network can backfill the trench.
It is recommended to pour a layer of sand 10-15 cm thick over the heater, then cover the soil and tamp it in the same way as described above.
It should be remembered that if there are breakdowns in the sewer network, it will be more expedient not to change a separate element that failed but to completely dismantle the system. It will be more reliable and economical.
A process that can be performed independently is the construction of a system and the laying of sewer pipes in the ground. The technology is simple, and if you follow all the recommendations described in this article, the lifetime of the sewage system will be long, and its reliability is high.
