Construction of a house made of foam blocks

Penoblocks are great for building a house. The finished structure will be reliable, durable and durable. At the same time, you will spend relatively little money on building it - the foam block costs less than other popular materials.

The following guide will help you understand the technology of laying blocks of foam concrete and perform all the necessary measures yourself.

foam blocks home doing foundation

We buildhouse on a belt brick foundation. The design is extremely simple: the bottom is made of concrete, the top is brickwork. To achieve the proper strength of the foundation, experts recommend immediately placing bricks on cement mortar, rather than filling them with cracks in the masonry in the future, as some self-taught masters advise.

Compared with its concrete analog, the brick structure is characterized by higher thermal insulation properties. Provided it is properly arranged, it serves 50 years or more, without requiring repair. Direct repair of the brick strip base is reduced to banal replacement of the destroyed sites, which is also very convenient.

Digging a trench

We perform markup taking into account the dimensions and configuration of the future structure. After that, we remove the top layer of soil throughout the site.

Important! The base is made not only under external, but also under internal walls.

By digging a trench with the required depth. If the soil is puchynisty - below the freezing point. In other cases, a well of depth of the order of half a meter is sufficient.

We select the width of the holes taking into account the soil moisture in the plot: the higher it is, the wider we make a trench. In areas with particularly high humidity and close to the surface of the groundwater, drainage will be made. In view of this, the width of the trench should extend approximately 100 cm beyond the outer boundaries of the structure.

We fall asleep the bottom of the pit with a 15-centimeter layer of sand, spill it with water and compact it.

Making formwork

For formwork non-planed boards and other similar materials are suitable. The height will be 10 cm. We make the width of the formwork half the width of the brick more than the width of the base.

We put waterproofing material in the formwork. Good fitoidoid. He will not allow moisture from the soil to rise through the concrete to the bricks.

Fill the concrete with the height of the formwork and let it dry for 3 days.

Laying bricks

Beginning to lay a brick. We work with the use of any standard dressing. In total we will lay out 4 rows. For an average house of foam blocks, the capacity of such a foundation will be sufficient.

Between 1 and 2 rows of bricks we place reinforcing mesh. We also lay the reinforcement on top of the last row of the base.

We make waterproofing

The walls of the foundation are insulated with a gluing or coating material. The best waterproofing is based on bitumen.

Warming foundation

If you wish, you can warm the external walls of the base with foam plastic, and then pour the trench with gravel or sand.

We equip drainage

On sites with especially wet soil the drainage is necessarily arranged.

For this we do the following.

The first step. We cover the bottom of the trench between the walls of the foundation and the foundation pit with geotextile.

The second step. Add a layer of gravel along the geotextile.

The third step. We put perforated pipes on a gravel at a small angle.

Fourth step. We cover the pipes with geotextile and fall asleep with gravel.

The fifth step is the .Layered we fall asleep a design with sand. We carefully compact each layer.

Pipes are diverted to pre-equipped drainage channels or wells.

Building house

Dimensions of foam blocks, cm	Quantity in 1 m3, pcs	Quantity in masonry for 1 sq.m., with the condition that the horizontal support pad of blocks in width( wall thickness) = 30 cm, and along the length = 60 cm
10 x 30 x 60	55	16.7
12 x 30 x 60	46	13.8
15 x 30 x 60	37	11.2
20 x 30 x 60	27	8.4
25 x30 x 60	22	6.7

Check the horizontal surface of the base with a level. We are interested in angles. If they are all on the same level, the masonry begins at any convenient angle. In the presence of discrepancies we build from the highest point. In this situation, the first row of foam blocks is laid on the cement slurry - it dries longer than the glue, which will allow us to level all the blocks under one level.

We lay on the foundation ruberoid in 2 layers and proceed to the laying.

Put the first row

In the level, we expose 1 block in each corner. We pull the cord along the upper edge of the building elements - it will help us navigate in the process of laying the walls.

Fill the space between the corner blocks. Adhesive or cement mortar is applied both to the base of the foam blocks and to their side faces. We put the building elements as tight as possible. Each block is verified by level.

If it is not possible to lay out a series of an entire number of foam blocks, gently and as accurately as possible cut off the excess piece with a special saw or an ordinary hacksaw with large teeth. Irregularities are carefully ground. It is convenient to make a special tool. In the absence of such, we orient ourselves on the situation. For example, the surface can be leveled with a plane for drywall.

Important! When laying out the first and subsequent rows, do not forget to leave the door openings. Recommendations for the arrangement of window openings will be given below.

Armor masonry

The first row of masonry must be reinforced. To do this, we first cut out at the top edge of the blocks strobs 3-4 mm wide with a similar depth. For the arrangement of depressions we use a shtroborez or Bulgarian.

If it is planned to build a large house, reinforcement is better to do two-row. In this case, the distance between the shrouds and the outer edges of the foam block should be at least 60 mm.

Clean the shroats and blocks from dust and pieces of material. Lay the 8-10 mm reinforcement in the grooves and fill with grout or adhesive for foam blocks.

Arm the entire first row around the perimeter. In the future, we carry out a similar reinforcement every 4 rows.

We stack the subsequent rows of

The following rows are laid out in the already familiar order:

• expose the corner blocks;
• pull the rope;
• lay out the walls.

The only difference is that starting from the second row of blocks it is better to lay on a special adhesive for foam blocks.

Important! Door and window openings necessarily reinforce. Window openings are reinforced from below and from above. Above the doorway, make a jumper. The procedure is similar in both cases.

Window sills, as a rule, are equipped after laying the 4th row. The height of the doorway is chosen at your own discretion, usually it is 2-2.2 m.

For reinforcing the apertures we use a metal corner. The sizes of products are selected in accordance with the width of the openings. Most often, the corners are from 5x5 to 10x10 cm. The order of reinforcement is already familiar to you:

• do stitches in blocks;
• lay flush corners in prepared grooves;
• fill strobes with cement mortar or adhesive mixture.

Important! We select the length of the bar so that the length of the corners exceeds the width of the reinforced aperture by at least 0.5 m.

Lay the walls to the designed height. After that, we equip the armopause for overlapping. It is a reinforced concrete structure with an average thickness of about 200 mm.

In the process of manufacturing armopoyas there is nothing particularly complicated. The main thing is to make the formwork correctly. The construction must be detachable. For assembly we use boards or other sheet material, for example, OSB.

We install the formwork over the walls, place the reinforcing cage inside it( it is recommended to reinforce all three planes, so it is more convenient to assemble the grid in advance and insert it into the formwork in the finished form), pour in the concrete. We give concrete a month for the set of strength and only after that we continue the construction.

Making the roof

Armopoyas ready. We can proceed with the arrangement of the roof. The procedure is the same as for the construction of houses from other materials, and depends on the features of the chosen roofing structure.

Choose the type of roof at your discretion. It can be:

• odnoskatnoy - is best suited for various kinds of outbuildings;
• gable - the best option for country houses;
• hip, mansard, etc.- an excellent solution for an apartment building.

Choose the best option and consistently perform all the relevant activities, including:

• installation of rafters;
• fastening of crates and gratings;
• installation of insulation materials;
• laying of the selected finish coat.

Good work!

Video - Construction of a house of foam blocks