It is the well that chooses the majority of owners of land plots as a source of water when equipping an autonomous water supply system. One of the main questions that must be addressed is which type of pump in this case is more suitable and by what criteria do you choose? Consider the option of using models of surface pumps.
Before you understand the specifics of the application of this type of equipment, it is worth pointing out some of the design features of such products. The name says that they do not sink into the "pond"( we wrote about such pumps here), but are installed next to it. Pumping of water is carried out by the method of its absorption through a sleeve immersed in water and then fed to a point of draw-off. But depending on the implemented engineering solution, the principle of operation of the mechanisms differs depending on their type.
General features of
- Versatility in application. When choosing a pump, the diameter of the well is not the determining parameter, as for the submerged well.
- Great performance. According to this characteristic, they surpass submersible analogs;their values of efficiencyhigher.
- Limited in application due to the fact that the maximum depth of water intake does not exceed 6 - 9 m( not enough power).
On the Internet, you can find statements that such models can not work with a well. This is not entirely true. For artesian sources, they are really unsuitable. But in the private sector, sandstone wells are usually located, the depth of which lies in the range of 6 - 12 m. Consequently, surface pumps are suitable for such sources of moisture. The main thing is to make the correct calculations and choose the appropriate model.
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No absolute enclosure sealing. Therefore, during the installation it is necessary to think about the protection of the pump from precipitation. When used throughout the year, a caisson( with insulation) is equipped, or the unit is installed in one of the utility rooms( basement, shed, annex).
- Light weight and dimensions.
But for many owners the most attractive is that the pump is mounted on the surface, next to the well.
Firstly , this greatly simplifies visual control over the operation, periodic maintenance( some models it provides) and, if necessary, repairs.
Secondly, , if the product is installed on a site where year-round water supply is not required( for example, a summer house), then it is not difficult to dismantle it and move it to the house until the next season.
We will not recommend any kind of surface pumps or advertise specific models. Each decision is made by itself, in accordance with the operating conditions of the product. But for the choice to be correct, you need to know something about such devices. The only clarification is that for a well, pumps of horizontal type are not used, only vertical, since the direction of movement of the liquid is up.
Types of surface pumps
Centrifugal
Pros : can work without interruption, even if the system has been "air-blown", the formation of "jam".
Cons : in case of severe contamination of the liquid quickly fail. Therefore, the filtration of water entering through the suction pipe must be ensured without fail. The noise level is higher than that of analogues.
Self-priming
The same centrifugal, but with an ejector. This contributes to an increase in efficiency.products. If the ejector is internal, the water can be raised by about 5 to 6 meters. With its external location, it increases this figure to 25 to 30 meters. Although such models are not used as often due to the fact that mostly individual structures rarely occur in more than 2 floors. The presence of an ejector increases the depth of water intake.
Price - from 2 400 rubles( power - 0.4 kW).
Vortex
Pros : able to create more pressure in the system than the previous models( from 3 to 7 times), since it is more powerful than the centrifugal ones. It is advisable to use if the length of the route is large enough. Noise much less.
Cons : as a rule, efficiencyless than 45%."Afraid" of suspensions contained in the liquid, so they reliably work only with absolutely pure water. In this regard, they are more "capricious."Therefore, especially effective filtration should be provided. So, it will be necessary to constantly monitor the state of the well and more often carry out its cleaning from silt products.
The choice can not be limited only by the selection of certain technical characteristics. It is necessary to be guided also by features of execution of this or that model and specificity of operation.
Price - from 2 100 rubles( power 0.37 kW).
What to consider when choosing
Body material
This can be plastic, "stainless steel" or cast iron. It is clear that in the first case the mechanical safety of the product is much worse, but if the pump is installed by all rules, then such an article is better, since it weighs less and the price is lower. The temperature of the pumping water does not play a role( for limiting plastic - up to +50 ° C), since hot fluid from the wells does not flow.
Performance
Calculation should be done "to the maximum".That is, is it possible for a particular pump to provide water at the same time with all the points of draw-off( provided that all the cranes are open) without a sharp drop in its pressure?
Created pressure
This has already been partially said. It is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the configuration of the water main.
Installation location
The distance to which the pump will be spaced from the well is assumed. The depth of water intake is reduced by approximately 2.5 - 3% per 1 m interval. In other words, the longer the course, the less depth the pump can pump water, and vice versa.
