Technical requirements for laying the oven for a bath with their own hands

The laying of the oven for a bath should be done on a separate foundation, taking into account special technical requirements.

The design of the heater is different from that of home-made brick kilns used for heating the room in the cold and cooking.

Brick sauna oven can be operated at any time of year, regardless of weather conditions.

Its purpose is to uniformly warm up the space of the bath and maintain a special climate in the room.

Correctly executed order of the oven allows the heater to function according to a well-thought-out scheme - first the oven itself is heated, then the stones and then the bathhouse steam room.

The information and video materials of this article will allow you to choose the right building material and put the sauna heater in your hands.

Types of brick stoves for the bath

Today, among the masters of bathing, there are several techniques for laying stoves for a bath.

Some types of furnaces are more common, others are almost forgotten, as they are not very comfortable to use.

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If desired, you can fold any of the following designs with your own hands: white, gray, black, with a plate.

Smoke-free and smoke-free, with a tank located above the stove or water tank placed at the bottom of the oven.

The main thing is to choose the best option for your needs.

The oven for heating the bath "white" absolutely does not throw soot into the room, which is why more than all other types of stoves for the bath meets environmental standards.

The stones are heated by means of an iron part arranged in a structure. That's why more than 12 hours are spent on warming up the room.

But such a long warm-up period justifies itself by a long period of heat retention.

"Gray" brickwork of the stove is erected with a straight chimney, due to which straight-through is considered the most economical.

Warms the "gray" design of the sauna bath in a short time, but to take advantage of its purpose, you have to wait for complete combustion of the fuel, as the soot settles on the stones.

The laying of the "black" furnace is done without a chimney. It was this design that was common in Russian villages, and today, as it turns out, this masonry technology is not forgotten.

The only disadvantage of using a sauna oven is to wait for fuel to burn out, but it is blocked by getting a plus-a fragrant high-quality steam.

Masonry stove with a stove is a structure equipped with a fireplace and a tank, which are mounted on cast-iron ceilings and due to them they are heated.

Tank around obkladyvayut their own hands a brick casing, which allows long to maintain the desired temperature of water.

More information on how to lay stoves for a bath in the video material in the article.

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How to choose the right brick for the heater?

For laying a bath furnace it is better to purchase expensive high-quality materials, but if the budget does not allow, it is possible to erect a furnace from an inexpensive red brick.

The main thing is to choose products with the right geometric shape, without any deformations.

When buying a brick from the category of low-budget material, you need to take into account that some products may have slightly different sizes from the standard.

As a result, when laying the stove for a sauna joints will have differences up to 10 mm.

This masonry technology is allowed for building walls of buildings, but not for the construction of a heater.

Therefore, it is recommended to select blocks with commensurate size by their own hands, otherwise the built-in furnace will not meet the required standards.

The negative moment will be not in appearance, but in the release of heat outside, which is unacceptable for sauna ovens.

A qualitatively made brick product with a weak tapping on its surface should produce a sonorous sound.

If a deaf sound is heard during the impact, the product is burned without observing the technology.

Masonry mortar preparation and testing for viscosity

Masonry mortar is recommended to be made of the same material that was used for the production of bricks.

This approach will provide the same coefficient of thermal expansion of joints and bricks, so that the operating life of the sauna oven will be increased.

At the same time, do not forget about the rules of laying a stove for a bath: you can add a quality oven yourself if the seams of a brick structure do as thin as possible.

The most suitable joint thickness is 5 mm, if it turns out, the solution can be applied even thinner.

The solution must be made using washed river sand, even sludge traces are inadmissible in this component of the mixture.

In this case, a sand fraction of 1 mm to 1.5 mm can be used.

It is not difficult to prepare the solution itself, the main thing is to observe the following technology.

In addition, to enhance their knowledge on this topic, you can view a useful video material.

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Preparation of masonry mix and methods for testing its quality:

• The clay is placed in a prepared container, crushed by hand and added a little water. After thoroughly mixing the soaked clay, add more water, stir again. At the output should be a homogeneous mass without lumps with a consistency of thick sour cream. In this state, it is left to stand for a day;
• After this time the water rises above the level of clay, after which excess water is drained. The still not completely finished solution is wiped through a sieve to finally remove lumps;
• As soon as the clay mass at the expense of water acquires the necessary uniformity, sand is added to it by hand. Its quantity is determined on the basis of the fat content of clay mass.

The quality of the prepared mixture is determined in two ways:

1. From the mortar composition, a ball is formed with a diameter of about 50 mm. Then put it on a wooden bar, another press the sample down from the top, press it until cracks begin to form on the splashed product. If the ball has crumbled even before the occurrence of cracking, then the solution has a poor viscosity. If cracks began to form on a third of the diameter of the product, then the solution can be considered normal. Cracks appearing in the middle of the product indicate the need to add a little more sand to the mixture;
2. Two round samples 50 mm in diameter are made with their own hands. One cake makes a cake, the products are left to dry in the shade for 2 days. If during this time cracks appeared on the samples, then it is necessary to add more sand to the mixture, since the clay is oily. If the ball is missed on a wooden board, and after that it remains intact, it means that the solution turned out to be good.

Features of laying the oven for a sauna

To lay a full furnace for a bath, first make a foundation for it with waterproofing. The base is installed below the flooring, using a cement mix.

At the level of the floor surface, at the location of the oven door, an iron sheet is set up.

First, every row of brickwork must be folded without the use of mortar, in order to select a brick with the same parameters and determine the thickness of the future weld.

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In this case, do not forget that every row of masonry you need to start with the cornerstone.

Then it is necessary to collect water in any container, and immediately before laying it is lowered the brick for a couple of seconds.

The presence of water is necessary so that the drying process of the erected structure passes evenly, and the dry brick can not pick up moisture from the solution.

For each row of brickwork, a scheme is developed, it is also called an ordering. The different ordering of the sauna oven in its own way affects the ability of brickwork to give off heat.

Any below proposed scheme of ordering can provide different appearance and size of the oven for the bath.

The stacking of the sauna oven can be performed as follows:

• Using a trowel, a certain amount of clay mixture is laid out and leveled over the work area - at the place where the first row of brick blocks is laid. Blocks are alternately taken out of the water( soaked for no more than 20 seconds), then placed on the solution;
• The bricks in the masonry are compacted with a trowel, making sure that the thickness of the mortar joint does not exceed 5 mm. Surplus clay mixture removed with a trowel;
• After laying the first brick, the end of the next one is treated with a solution and attached to the end of the first, already laid. Thus, using the clay composition and applying the stage of sealing the products with a trowel, the first row of masonry is laid. All subsequent rows of stove lay on the same principle;
• When the first 3-4 rows of blocks are laid, the resulting facade is wiped with a damp rag to improve the visual perception of the order and it is easier to control the subsequent process of stacking;
• The next row of blocks is laid in the same way as the first. At the same time, vertical joints must not be allowed to coincide. Vertical seams of one row, should overlap the middle of the body of bricks of the second row.

In the process of work, the use of quarters of products for stowage in the interior of the stove or chimney is not allowed; under high temperatures, the basted blocks will gradually break down.

Tips for laying the combustion chamber and the device for oven appliances

The sauna chamber is built only of fireclay bricks for the furnace, the combination of products manufactured using different technologies is unacceptable.

If we compare refractory and simple bricks, then both materials have different degrees of thermal expansion. When laying chamotte brick, only chamotte clay should be used.

If you look closely at the video, you can see that the brick blocks in the process of building the furnace for the bath is laid on the edge.

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In this case, gaps of at least 50 cm are left between the internal walls of the furnace and the walls of the combustion chamber.

As furnace appliances( doors, grates) are made of cast iron, they are recommended to be installed with a gap, otherwise the heated metal will tear the masonry.

The grate is equipped with a grate without a mortar; if necessary, the grate should be easily removed.

All kinds of oven doors are fixed to the structure by means of special holes in them and the use of a soft wire, which is fixed in the masonry seams.

When attaching, the instruments are also mounted on a solution mixture.