Outdoor lighting installation - streetlight tasks and materials for it
Thanks to good lighting, it's easy to stay on site, you can not worry about your own safety. Individual elements of the landscape can be identified with the help of a special dot illumination, which will complement the overall picture. Before the installation of street lighting, it is necessary to draw up a scheme of the system, which will show all the placement of decorative lighting and lighting.
It will contain information about the design of the elements, their power, height, as well as their number, including information about the types of switches and wire cross-section. There are the following types of illumination of personal plots: accompanying, flooding, decorative, technical. One of the most important elements of lighting can be called an automatic control system, as well as the switching circuit( control panels, electrical panels).
It is they that allow more efficient use of equipment in different situations. Designers take into account for the lighting system of suburban areas the stability of the current supply and its voltage( these parameters in summer cottages sometimes "limp"), in case of problems they give advice on how to eliminate them.
Installation of street lighting - design stages
Installation of outdoor lighting includes the following steps:
- installation of a support for street lighting;
- installation of lights and their connection;
- laying of wires and installation of fittings;
- lighting control installation in the suburban area.
By the light source there is the following classification: oil, candle, gas, kerosene, incandescent lamps, arc all kinds, induction and LED lamps. In the market there are also types of pillars: pillars( metal, concrete, wood), masts, fastening cables, cables. Since the design of street lighting began to be organized by designers, there are discussions of two of its most common types: basic lighting that provides safe movement at night on sites, and decorative, which is represented by various lamps.
Solve the problem of safety can be the same way as many years ago - the use of flashlights( in other words, cantilever fixtures).Such lanterns presuppose a preliminary calculation of the power, they should give such amount of light to the sidewalk or road, which will be enough to not blind the drivers and help pedestrians.
Street lighting installation - basic principles of
The very technology of outdoor lighting installation is quite complicated. To get started, take up the project, it should take into account the terrain, the protection and control system, as well as the method of electrical installation and the availability of electricity. Consider the power that the equipment consumes and the length of the cables present. After selecting the components for the equipment, it must fully comply with the project. After that, the installation work begins.
The projects are subject to stringent requirements, including lighting support. It is therefore important for manufacturers of such elements to produce quality products that will meet all established standards. The most commonly used metal pillars or wall brackets, they have a protective coating that does not allow corrosion, and, moreover, look neat, adding aesthetics to your site.
The main thing in outdoor lighting is high-quality insulation, because precipitation will sooner or later cause a short circuit in case of open wiring.
When installing ground lights, all wiring is done underground, it is better to use additional plastic pipes in these cases. And for this situation there are a number of restrictions for the laying of wires. The track itself should be laid at a depth of about 70 cm, from the house should be a distance of 60 cm. If several cables run in parallel, you should also observe a distance of 20-50 cm between them. A large distance is necessary if you are near the communication cable so thatto interfere.
If you have pipelines for different purposes, try to stay at least 50 cm from them, and if you are lucky enough to sit next to the oil or gas pipeline, then the minimum distance should be 1 m. For wiring lights, the wiring stretches through the air and the walls of the house, in thisThe case should take a wire with a thick layer of insulation, it will save the cable from frost, gusty wind and casual lovers of rocking on the wire, that is birds. For such hinged wiring it is important not to allow a large distance between the fasteners, so that the cable does not sag, this will significantly reduce its durability.
It is best to use a support cable that accompanies the cable along its entire length, often this is even an indispensable condition for safety. Servicing equipment should be located in well-insulated and protected boxes. A good option is metal or heat-resistant plastic. Everything should be covered with lids, preferably at the castle. It is possible to equip the visible side of these boxes with signs warning of the presence of voltage inside.
Sequence of work will look like this:
- is determined with the type of lighting devices and with the method of laying the cable( outdoor or underground);
- explore the site for underground communications in the intended location;
- digging a trench for an underground track or pit for supports;
- fill the poles or lay the cable channels according to the outlined lighting scheme;
- level the ground by laying a special tape above the track to inform future excavations of the presence of wiring;
- we check the working capacity of the luminaires and proceed to their installation in the desired places;
- we bring our cable to them, we follow the grounding on the support poles or wall brackets, if it was not provided by the manufacturer, it's time to do it;
- after completion of the installation work, you should check some parameters - grounding, zero-phase resistance and insulation performance, i.e.its resistance, only after all this, you can run the entire lighting chain to test its functionality.
