How impossible is a house without a foundation, just as unthinkable and without a roof. It decorates the house, gives it architectural completeness, protects from cold, bad weather and precipitation. On whether the roof is properly chosen and built, the external appeal of the house, the internal cozy atmosphere, and the durability of the building's operation are also largely dependent.
More recently, the choice of roof during the construction of the house was limited, basically, to two or three kinds. Today, many people want to make their home not only durable and cozy, but also beautiful, original, different from neighboring. And in this case a big role is played by the roof. In order not to make a mistake in choosing, you need to know the basic types of roofs.
Types of roofs according to
The roofs are divided into two groups according to their construction:
- attic - in which the space between the last floor and the roof forms an attic;here are placed ventilation ducts;use the attic in different ways - as a place for storing things, as an additional dwelling( under condition of warming), etc.;
- uncrossed - floors of the upper floor in such spaces are formed by load-bearing elements.
The construction of the attic roof is cheaper and less problematic than the uncracked roof, since the latter requires careful insulation and vapor barrier.
Types of roofs in form
The shape of the roof influences both its functionality and the appearance of the house. The classification of roofs in form is very extensive. First of all, two large groups should be distinguished:
- Flat roofs - are rarely used, because the practical absence of tilt( only 3 °) makes this structure unreliable and impractical in the Russian climate, because it is not cleaned independently from snow, it can accumulate on itrainwater. Such roofs are used only in exceptional cases( the device on it is a recreation area, a swimming pool or a small garden).
- Pitched roofs - the angle of inclination in them is more than 10 °, so they easily self-clean from the snow, more reliable, they allow you to build an attic or attic and fully reveal yourself to the design fantasy. Of course, they are more complex in construction and repair, more expensive, but it is the pitched roofs that are most popular in Russian reality.
In its turn, pitched roofs are very diverse in form, and among them are the following types:
Single-deck .This type is the simplest and cheapest for construction: a flat structure rests on walls of different heights. For the construction of houses this kind is rarely used, in spite of its simplicity and cheapness, the one-pitched roof is not aesthetically pleasing, it does not give an opportunity to arrange an attic. Therefore, it is used most often in the construction of bathhouses, warehouses, verandas, terraces, garages.
Gable .This is the most common type of roofs for Russian villages, attracting relative simplicity, practicality, functionality. Such a roof consists of two skates, connected by a ridge. On the sides, from the ends of the rays, there are two gables( tongs).The appearance of such roofs can be different: with gentle and steep slopes, symmetrical and asymmetrical, with straight rafters and broken lines( mansard).
Hole .In these roofs, in addition to the two regular rays, there are two more triangular( hips) located on the site of the pediments. The roofing system for such a roof is more complicated, but the hip roof is more reliable, resistant to wind and precipitation.
Semi-volum ( Dutch).Truncated triangular slopes of such a roof are located above the trapezoidal pediments, in which it becomes possible to place a window. Semi-wool roofs are even more resistant to wind, highly decorative.
Multi-clasp .This type of roof has a complex device: a lot of gables( tongs), skates, ribs, ends. A house with such a roof becomes truly unique. But designing and building them is better to trust professionals.
Hinged .They are a kind of hip roofs and have more than four triangular stingrays that converge at the top to one point. Most suitable for a square house. Externally, the house, crowned with a tent, looks just great, but the complicated structure of the rafter system makes it difficult to build it.
Vaulted .These are cylindrical roofs - spectacular, but expensive. Traditionally, they were made of stone or brick. Of ordinary sawn timber such a roof can not be built because of the shape of the truss system, which is made of glued beams or metal beams.
Dome .An even more complicated kind of roof than a vaulted one. For a private house it is used very rarely, if there is a high budget for construction or unusual and spectacular appearance is required.
Useful advice on choosing the type of roof for the construction of the house
Selecting a particular type of roof during the construction of the house - it is quite difficult. We draw your attention to some important points:
- The more complicated the roof device, the more expensive it is. This should be taken into account with a limited budget. In this case, it is best to restrict to a single-pitch or two-slope option.
- The life of the roof depends largely on the choice of its type, competent design and construction, the choice of roofing material.
- Take into account the weight of roofing materials: the heavier they are, the stronger the rafter system, the bearing walls, the foundation.
- If you want to build a roof with your own hands, but do not have experience in this business, it is worthwhile first to try your hand at small economic buildings. This will avoid many mistakes and unpleasant surprises.
