Basic information of
To begin with, you need to know what foundations can be laid on the floor on the ground. The concrete foundation is applied to the tape and columnar foundation. Plates are both a foundation and a floor on the ground immediately.
About the mark for the device of the warm floor on the ground, no requirements are presented. But, it is necessary to take into account, at what level the door will be located. Difference between the bottom of the entrance door and the floor. Otherwise, you have to cut the opening.
The opening itself is provided during the pouring stage.
An important feature of the concrete floor device on the ground - it has no restrictions on the natural conditions. That is, you can, do not worry about the level of groundwater, freezing, seismic activity, such as ground base.
Ground cake on the ground
When you make floors on the ground, you need to know what layers they consist of. The description is given from below upwards:
- Primer base - the base must be comprehensively sealed. Ideally, to comply with GOSTs and SNiPs, but for private objects they are generally not observed.
- Underlay - this layer is intended for both protection( from the GWB) and for alignment. As a rule, crushed granules of fraction 30-50 millimeters are used. In some cases, crushed stone is replaced with expanded clay. Also there are cases when this layer is not mandatory. This will be discussed below. If the bedding is present, it must be compacted qualitatively. For compaction, you can use hand-held ramers.
- Black screed - Thickness 4-7 cm. Reinforcement is not necessary.
- Sealing on the ground. The solution of the undercoat layer is shed. The thickness should be equal to the thickness of the second layer( padding).
- Waterproofing. As a rule, several layers of roofing material are used.
- Insulation. The thickness is determined by GOST or calculation( it all depends on the climatic zone in which construction is carried out).
- Clean screed. Used crushed stone-sand mixture, or sand and gravel separately. Fraction of rubble 5-10mm. The thickness of the screed must be at least 7cm. Requires wire reinforcement.
- Finishing coating. It's all for your taste.
Some layers, such as padding and waterproofing are not mandatory.
Waterproofing floors on the ground, for example, is arranged if the GWT is located at a depth of less than 2 meters from the bottom of the floor. In the same case, it is recommended to use a padding, besides, it will not be possible to replace the rubble with expanded clay, since, due to the large porosity, claydite can easily swell.
The very waterproofing of floors on the ground must be laid on a flat surface with minimal( close to zero) height differences.
Various versions of concrete floors on the ground.
Consider several more options for the device.
All three versions show floors on the ground. But it is the latter that more accurately conveys the whole meaning of this name. In addition, it provides all the necessary conditions:
- Thermal insulation with minimal heat energy consumption
- Comfort and hygiene.
- Protection against ingress of underground gas
It should be understood that the construction of such a foundation takes a lot of effort, time and money. There are easier ways to install the floor. But it is the concrete floor on the ground that will provide long-term guarantees for the strength and durability of your home.
